What place has an emigration past in an immigration present? Italy and Ireland compared

Nel diciannovesimo e ventesimo secolo milioni di Irlandesi e di Italiani emigrarono verso diversi paesi del mondo alla ricerca di una vita migliore. Le persone che hanno lasciato i confini irlandesi sono stati spesso rappresentati come esuli dallo stato irlandese, e costantemente commemorati in coerenza con le tradizionali idee nazionaliste irlandesi. Diversamente, l’Italia non disponeva di una simile narrativa coloniale a cui far riferimento, e dunque lo stato italiano era riluttante a commemorare un passato di emigrazione che dimostrava l’incapacità dello stato a provvedere alle necessità dei suoi cittadini. Ironicamente, questa distinzione è diventata percettibile nei dibattiti contemporanei sull’immigrazione. In Irlanda, nei primi dibattiti che hanno avuto luogo tra la metà e la fine degli anni ’90, gli attori pro-immigrazione hanno evocato in maniera costante la memoria della passata emigrazione irlandese, per indurre nei nativi irlandesi compassione verso i nuovi arrivati. Questa narrativa è stata tuttavia invocata meno frequentemente negli anni più recenti, da quando la compassione per gli immigrati è iniziata a declinare. In Italia, la storia di emigrazione del paese si è fatta notare soprattutto per l’assenza dai dibattiti sull’immigrazione. Quello che entrambi i casi dimostrano è che il passato viene ricordato soltanto se è in accordo con le necessità del presente

On convergence to stationarity of fractional Brownian storage

With M(t) := sups2[0,t] A(s) − s denoting the running maximum of a fractional Brownian motion A(·) with negative drift, this paper studies the rate of convergence of P(M(t) > x) to P(M > x). We define two metrics that measure the distance between the (complementary) distribution functions P(M(t) > · ) and P(M > · ). Our main result states that both metrics roughly decay as exp(−#t2−2H), where # is the decay rate corresponding to the tail distribution of the busy period in an fBm-driven queue, which was computed recently [16]. The proofs extensively rely on application of the well-known large deviations theorem for Gaussian processes. We also show that the identified relation between the decay of the convergence metrics and busy-period asymptotics holds in other settings as well, most notably when G¨artner-Ellis-type conditions are fulfilled

Population Differences in Death Rates in HIV-Positive Patients with Tuberculosis.

SETTING: Randomised controlled clinical trial of Mycobacterium vaccae vaccination as an adjunct to anti-tuberculosis treatment in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients with smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) in Lusaka, Zambia, and Karonga, Malawi. OBJECTIVE: To explain the difference in mortality between the two trial sites and to identify risk factors for death among HIV-positive patients with TB. DESIGN: Information on demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiographic characteristics was collected. Patients in Lusaka (667) and in Karonga (84) were followed up for an average of 1.56 years. Cox proportional hazard analyses were used to assess differences in survival between the two sites and to determine risk factors associated with mortality during and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. RESULTS: The case fatality rate was 14.7% in Lusaka and 21.4% in Karonga. The hazard ratio for death comparing Karonga to Lusaka was 1.47 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9-2.4) during treatment and 1.76 (95%CI 1.0-3.0) after treatment. This difference could be almost entirely explained by age and more advanced HIV disease among patients in Karonga. CONCLUSION: It is important to understand the reasons for population differences in mortality among patients with TB and HIV and to maximise efforts to reduce mortality

Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: Trigg County, Kentucky

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock

Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: McCracken County, Kentucky

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock

Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: Marshall County, Kentucky

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock