The impact of North-South and South-South trade agreements on bilateral trade.

Free trade agreements (FTAs) lead to a rise in bilateral trade even if the signatories include developing countries. Furthermore, the percentage increase in bilateral trade is higher for South-South agreements than for North-South agreements. the results are robust across a number of gravity model specifications in which we contrl for the endogenity of FTAs (with bilateral fixed effects) and also take account of multilateral resistance in both estimation (with country-fixed effects) and compartive statics (analytically). Our analystical model shows that multilateral resitance dampens the imapct of FTAs on trade by less in South-South agreements than in North-South agreements, which accentuates the difference implied by our gravity model coefficients, and that this difference gets larger as the number of signatories rises. For example, allowing for lags and multilateral resistance, a four-country North-South agreement rasies bilateral trade by 53% while the analogous South-South impact is 107%

Does it matter who you sign with ? comparing the impacts of north-south and south-south trade agreements on bilateral trade

Free trade agreements lead to a rise in bilateral trade regardless of whether the signatories are developed or developing countries. Furthermore, the percentage increase in bilateral trade is higher for South-South agreements than for North-South agreements. In this paper, the results are robust across a number of gravity model specifications in which the analysis controls for the endogeneity of free trade agreements (with bilateral fixed effects) and also takes account of multilateral resistance in both estimation (with country-time fixed effects) and comparative statics (analytically). The analytical model shows that multilateral resistance dampens the impact of free trade agreements on trade by less in South-South agreements than in North-South agreements, which accentuates the difference implied by the gravity model coefficients, and that this difference gets larger as the number of signatories rises. For example, allowing for lags and multilateral resistance, a four-country North-South agreement raises bilateral trade by 53 percent while the analogous South-South impact is 107 percent.Free Trade,Trade Law,Trade Policy,Economic Theory&Research,Emerging Markets

Dative constructions in Romance and beyond

This book offers a comprehensive account of dative structures across languages -with an important, though not exclusive, focus on the Romance family. As is well-known, datives play a central role in a variety of structures, ranging from ditransitive constructions to cliticization of indirect objects and differentially marked direct objects, and including also psychological predicates, possessor or causative constructions, among many others. As interest in all these topics has increased significantly over the past three decades, this volume provides an overdue update on the state of the art. Accordingly, the chapters in this volume account for both widely discussed patterns of dative constructions as well as those that are relatively unknown

When Restructuring and Clause Union Meet in Catalan and Beyond

Altres ajuts: In the case of Anna Pineda, this work has been supported by the research project FFI2014-56968-C4-1-P funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, as well as by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Humboldt Research Fellowship for experienced researchers).This paper considers what happens when clause union meets restructuring by examining contexts where the causative FACERE verb takes a restructuring verb as its complement in Catalan, in comparison with French and Italian. We show that in Catalan and Italian and to some degree also French, in such contexts, the case realisation of the causee as accusative/dative depends on the transitivity of the next clause down. We call this effect, first discussed by Burzio (1986) for Italian, 'restructuring for transitivity'. We then move our attention to the interaction between restructuring for transitivity and other restructuring and clause union phenomena such as clitic climbing and se deletion, and discuss several theoretical challenges posed by these interactions.Aquest article estudia què ocorre quan hi ha unió de clàusules i reestructuració i, per fer-ho, examina els contextos en què el verb causatiu fer pren un verb de reestructuració com a complement en català, francès i italià. Mostrem que en català i italià, i en certa mesura també en francès, en aquests contextos la realització de cas de l'argument causat (el subjecte de l'infinitiu) com a acusatiu o com a datiu depèn de la transitivitat de la clàusula subordinada. Aquest efecte, que fou detectat per primer cop per Burzio (1986) per a l'italià, l'anomenem reestructuració per a la transitivitat. A continuació ens centrem l'atenció en la interacció entre la reestructuració per a la transitivitat i altres fenòmens de reestructuració i unió de clàusules, com ara el salt de clític i la supressió de se, i discutim diversos reptes teòrics que plantegen els fenòmens objecte d'estudi