QUALITY OF LIFE EVALUATION IN RECIPIENTS AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION

Quality of life analysis of kidney graft recipients includes complex assessment of physical, psychological and social status and also certain laboratory and clinical studies. However we suppose that significance of the study might increase considerably if it would be multicenter. The objective of the present publication is to organize such a multicenter study. Obviously, quality of life of recipients with functioning transplanted kidney is undoubtedly of scientific interest and needs further extended studies that might contribute to better interpretation of long-term results after kidney transplantation

Markers of early cardiotoxicity in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy depending on blood pressure level

Objective. To study the possibility of the 2D Speckle Tracking Imaging in early detection of cardiotoxicity in patients with triple negative breast cancer and arterial hypertension (AH) during anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. Materials and methods. 70 women (mean age 48.6±13.3 years) with triple negative breast cancer were enrolled. All patients underwent chemotherapy, including anthracycline, taxan, platinum-based agent. Echocardiography, including 2D Speckle Tracking Imaging, was performed on Vivid-E 9 ultrasound machine before and after 8 weeks of chemotherapy. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (the biplane Simpson`s method) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) (mean normal GLS of -22.1±1.8 for women) were analysed. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 - with AH (n=18) and group 2 - with normal blood pressure (n=52). Results. Before chemotherapy in group 1 GLS was lower than normal value (-19.1±2.8% vs -22.1±1.8%; p0.05). After chemotherapy in all patients GLS decrease was observed from -20.0±2.8% to -18.5±2.9% (

НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ЖИЗНИ РЕЦИПИЕНТОВ ПОСЛЕ ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИИ ПОЧКИ

Quality of life analysis of kidney graft recipients includes complex assessment of physical, psychological and social status and also certain laboratory and clinical studies. However we suppose that significance of the study might increase considerably if it would be multicenter. The objective of the present publication is to organize such a multicenter study. Obviously, quality of life of recipients with functioning transplanted kidney is undoubtedly of scientific interest and needs further extended studies that might contribute to better interpretation of long-term results after kidney transplantation. Анализ качества жизни реципиентов почечных трансплантатов предполагает комплексную оценку физи- ческого, психологического и социального статуса. Он также включает ряд лабораторно-клинических по- казателей. Однако мы полагаем, что достоверность исследования могла бы существенно возрасти, если бы оно носило многоцентровой характер. Целью настоящей публикации является организация такого многоцентрового исследования. Очевидно, что изучение качества жизни реципиентов с функционирую- щей трансплантированной почкой представляет несомненный научный интерес и требует в дальнейшем расширения исследований, что способствовало бы лучшей интерпретации результатов, характерных для отдаленного периода после трансплантации почки.

Cholera: Trends in the Development of the Epidemic Process in 2021, Forecast for 2022

The aim of the work was to summarize the results of cholera monitoring in 2021, to assess current trends in the development of the epidemic process, and to predict the epidemiological situation in the Russian Federation for 2022. It was established that within the period of 2012–2021, 4117264 cases of cholera with the spread of infection across 83 countries on all continents were registered in the world and there was a downward trend in the incidence in Asia and Africa. The dynamics of monthly morbidity in 2021 was associated with emergencies as factors of epidemiological risk. Epidemics and outbreaks of cholera were documented against the background of COVID-19 pandemic and laid a double burden on healthcare systems. At the same time, based on the overview of the results of cholera monitoring in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, it was shown that the forecast of epidemic well-being given for 2021 was fully justified. It has been determined that the increase in the number of non-toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 (67) isolated from water bodies compared to 2020 (25) is mainly due to the appurtenance of a number of isolates to clonal complexes. The study of phylogenetic relation has demonstrated that the detection of strains with genotypes which were previously identified in the isolates evidences the persistence potential. The identification of strains with new genotypes, which were earlier established in the strains circulating in other territories, pointed at the possibility of the occasional importations. The forecast of the epidemiological situation on cholera in Russia for 2022 is associated with the continuous existence of risks of introduction. If these epidemiological risks are not realized, a favorable epidemiological situation is predicted regarding this infection in the country. It is expected that the detection of epidemiologically insignificant strains of V. cholerae O1 in environmental water bodies, along with their clones and/or clonal complexes, will remain, including strains that may be an etiological factor in sporadic cases or outbreaks of disease

Influence of the Water Content on the Diffusion Coefficients of Li⁺ and Water across Naphthalenic Based Copolyimide Cation-Exchange Membranes

The transport of lithium ions in cation-exchange membranes based on sulfonated copolyimide membranes is reported. Diffusion coefficients of lithium are estimated as a function of the water content in membranes by using pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR and electrical conductivity techniques. It is found that the lithium transport slightly decreases with the diminution of water for membranes with water content lying in the range 14 < λ < 26.5, where λ is the number of molecules of water per fixed sulfonate group. For λ < 14, the value of the diffusion coefficient of lithium experiences a sharp decay with the reduction of water in the membranes. The dependence of the diffusion of lithium on the humidity of the membranes calculated from conductivity data using Nernst–Planck type equations follows a trend similar to that observed by NMR. The possible explanation of the fact that the Haven ratio is higher than the unit is discussed. The diffusion of water estimated by 1H PFG-NMR in membranes neutralized with lithium decreases as λ decreases, but the drop is sharper in the region where the decrease of the diffusion of protons of water also undergoes considerable reduction. The diffusion of lithium ions computed by full molecular dynamics is similar to that estimated by NMR. However, for membranes with medium and low concentration of water, steady state conditions are not reached in the computations and the diffusion coefficients obtained by MD simulation techniques are overestimated. The curves depicting the variation of the diffusion coefficient of water estimated by NMR and full dynamics follow parallel trends, though the values of the diffusion coefficient in the latter case are somewhat higher. The WAXS diffractograms of fully hydrated membranes exhibit the ionomer peak at q = 2.8 nm⁻1, the peak being shifted to higher q as the water content of the membranes decreases. The diffractograms present additional peaks at higher q, common to wet and dry membranes, but the peaks are better resolved in the wet membranes. The ionomer peak is not detected in the diffractograms of dry membranes.The authors acknowledge financial support provided by the DGICYT (Dirección General de Investigación Cientifíca y Tecnológica) through Grant MAT2011-29174-C02-02

Y-box protein-1/p18 fragment identifies malignancies in patients with chronic liver disease

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Immunohistochemical detection of cold shock proteins is predictive for deleterious outcome in various malignant diseases. We recently described active secretion of a family member, denoted Y-box (YB) protein-1. We tested the clinical and diagnostic value of YB-1 protein fragment p18 (YB-1/p18) detection in blood for malignant diseases.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used a novel monoclonal anti-YB-1 antibody to detect YB-1/p18 by immunoblotting in plasma samples of healthy volunteers (n = 33), patients with non-cancerous, mostly inflammatory diseases (n = 60), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; n = 25) and advanced solid tumors (n = 20). YB-1/p18 was then tested in 111 patients with chronic liver diseases, alongside established tumor markers and various diagnostic measures, during evaluation for potential liver transplantation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We developed a novel immunoblot to detect the 18 kD fragment of secreted YB-1 in human plasma (YB-1/p18) that contains the cold-shock domains (CSD) 1-3 of the full-length protein. YB-1/p18 was detected in 11/25 HCC and 16/20 advanced carcinomas compared to 0/33 healthy volunteers and 10/60 patients with non-cancerous diseases. In 111 patients with chronic liver disease, YB-1/p18 was detected in 20 samples. Its occurrence was not associated with advanced Child stages of liver cirrhosis or liver function. In this cohort, YB-1/p18 was not a good marker for HCC, but proved most powerful in detecting malignancies other than HCC (60% positive) with a lower rate of false-positive results compared to established tumor markers. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was most sensitive in detecting HCC, but simultaneous assessment of AFP, CA19-9 and YB-1/p18 improved overall identification of HCC patients.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Plasma YB-1/p18 can identify patients with malignancies, independent of acute inflammation, renal impairment or liver dysfunction. The detection of YB-1/p18 in human plasma may have potential as a tumor marker for screening of high-risk populations, e.g. before organ transplantation, and should therefore be evaluated in larger prospective studies.</p

Лекарственные препараты, отпущенные больным раком молочной железы в рамках программ лекарственного обеспечения населения

The purpose of our research was to analyze the actual practice of medicine in patients with breast cancer in various regions of the Russian Federation in the framework of state programs of drug provision (procurement of essential drugs (EDPP) and of regional benefits (RBP)).Materials and Methods. We collected data on dispensed medicines from 42 regions of the Russian Federation, which accounted for 57.58% of the total population and 58.20% of the total number of breast cancer patients who had been registered in the oncological institutions of the Russian Federation in 2013. We collected and studied data on the antineoplastic agents (L01) and hormonal antineoplastic drugs (L02) dispensed through programs of drug supply from federal and regional budgets in 2013 in the regions of the Russian Federation for patients with a diagnosis of «malignant neoplasm of the breast» (C50 International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision).Results. The number of drugs prescribed to patients with breast cancer in studied regions ranged from 3 to 39 INNs. Among the most commonly used antineoplastic agents were trastuzumab and capecitabine (both used in 92.86% of the regions), and among hormonal antineoplastic drugs were aromatase inhibitors and tamoxifen (95.24% and 100% of the regions of the Russian Federation). Consumption of drugs varied significantly between theregions.Conclusion. Our study revealed significant differences in the consumption of antineoplastic medications among outpatients with breast cancer in different regions of the Russian Federation whose care was funded by federal and regional budgets.Цель исследования – анализ реальной практики лекарственного обеспечения больных раком молочной железы (РМЖ) в субъектах РФ в рамках программ лекарственного обеспечения (обеспечения основными лекарственными средствами (ОНЛП) и региональной льготы).Материалы и методы. Собраны данные об отпущенных лекарственных препаратах в 42 субъектах РФ, в которых проживает 57,58% от общей численности населения страны и 58,20% от общего числа женщин, больных РМЖ и состоявших на учете в онкологических учреждениях РФ в 2013 г. Изучены данные о противоопухолевых (L01) и противоопухолевых гормональных (L02) лекарственных препаратах, отпущенных в 2013 г. в субъектах РФ больным с диагнозом «злокачественные новообразования молочной железы» (C50 по международной классификации болезней 10-го пересмотра) в рамках программ лекарственного обеспечения за счет средств федерального и регионального бюджетов. Проанализировано потребление лекарственных препаратов, включенных и не включенных в стандарты медицинской помощи, перечни лекарственных препаратов, клинические рекомендации.Результаты. Количество препаратов, закупленных для больных РМЖ, варьировало в субъектах от трех до 39 МНН. Наиболее часто используемые противоопухолевые препараты – капецитабин и трастузумаб (использовались в 92,9% регионов), гормональные – ингибиторы ароматазы (анастрозол, летрозол, эксеместан) и тамоксифен (в 95,2-100% субъектов РФ). Потребление лекарственных препаратов значительно варьирует между регионами. В рамках программ лекарственного обеспечения закупались препараты как включенные, так и не включенные в перечни, стандарты и клинические рекомендации.Заключение. Выявлены значительные расхождения в потреблении лекарственной терапии среди больных РМЖ в различных регионах РФ в рамках лекарственного обеспечения льготных категорий граждан в амбулаторных условиях, а также потребление лекарственных препаратов, не упомянутых в клинических рекомендациях и не включенных в стандарты медицинской помощи и перечни лекарственных препаратов