Landfill leachate treatment by combination of electro - fenton and sequencing batch reactor method

Landfill leachate contains a large amount of organic, inorganic and heavy metal contents. Untreated leachate is a potential source to effect of soil, surface and groundwater. The combined treatment offers an alternative technique in dealing to leachate treatment. This research is to determine the effectiveness of combined electro-Fenton and sequencing batch reactor (SBR) method on the removal of SS, colour, COD and NH3-N. The experimental involved three major parts were coagulation-flocculation, electro-Fenton and SBR method. This process could be operated independently in a batch mode and optimum conditions for each treatment were identified. In the combined process, leachate was first fed to coagulation-flocculation for pre-treatment. Then, the effluent from that process was oxidized in electro-Fenton process. The final process is the effluent of leachate was fed to a SBR method. The combined treatment was operated under the optimum conditions for all the processes. The result of coagulation-flocculation shown PAC is more effective at 2500 mg/L of optimum dosage. After coagulation-flocculation process, the removal of SS, colour, COD and NH3-N were 80%, 77%, 61% and 35% respectively. The result of electro-Fenton shown Al-Al is more effective at 200 A/m2 of optimum current density, 25 minutes of optimum reaction time, 4 of optimum pH, 800 mg/L of optimum H2O2 dosage and 1000 mg/L of optimum FeSO4•7H2O dosage. After electro-Fenton process, the removal of SS, colour, COD and NH3-N were 87%, 95%, 82% and 65% respectively. The final process of SBR effluent was approaching neutral pH at 6.90 at 2800 mg/L of optimum MLSS and 6 h of optimum reaction time. The overall performance of combined treatment on the removal of SS, colour, COD and NH3-N were 84%, 82%, 87% and 78% respectively. Thus, this combined treatment offers as an alternative technique for landfill leachate treatment on the removal of pollutants

Guest editorial : In Journal of networks, v.7 n.3

Networking of computing devices has been going through rapid evolution and thus continuing to be an ever expanding area of importance in recent years. New technologies, protocols, services and usage patterns have contributed to the major research interests in this area of computer science. The current special issue is an effort to bring forward some of these interesting developments that are being pursued by researchers at present in different parts of the globe. Our objective is to provide the readership with some insight into the latest innovations in computer networking through this. This Special Issue presents selected papers from the thirteenth conference of the series (ICCIT 2010) held during December 23-25, 2010 at the Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology. The first ICCIT was held in Dhaka, Bangladesh, in 1998. Since then the conference has grown to be one of the largest computer and IT related research conferences in the South Asian region, with participation of academics and researchers from many countries around the world. Starting in 2008 the proceedings of ICCIT are included in IEEExplore. In 2010, a total of 410 full papers were submitted to the conference of which 136 were accepted after reviews conducted by an international program committee comprising 81 members from 16 countries. This was tantamount to an acceptance rate of 33%. From these 136 papers, 14 highly ranked manuscripts were invited for this Special Issue. The authors were advised to enhance their papers significantly and submit them to undergo review for suitability of inclusion into this publication. Of those, eight papers survived the review process and have been selected for inclusion in this Special Issue. The authors of these papers represent academic and/or research institutions from Australia, Bangladesh, Japan, Korea and USA. These papers address issues concerning different domains of networks namely, optical fiber communication, wireless and interconnection networks, issues related to networking hardware and software and network mobility. The paper titled “Virtualization in Wireless Sensor Network: Challenges and Opportunities” argues in favor of bringing in different heterogeneous sensors under a common virtual framework so that the issues like flexibility, diversity, management and security can be handled practically. The authors Md. Motaharul Islam and Eui-Num Huh propose an architecture for sensor virtualization. They also present the current status and the challenges and opportunities for further research on the topic. The manuscript “Effect of Polarization Mode Dispersion on the BER Performance of Optical CDMA” deals with impact of polarization mode dispersion on the bit error rate performance of direct sequence optical code division multiple access. The authors, Md. Jahedul Islam and Md. Rafiqul Islam present an analytical approach toward determining the impact of different performance parameters. The authors show that the bit error rate performance improves significantly by the third order polarization mode dispersion than its first or second order counterparts. The authors Md. Shohrab Hossain, Mohammed Atiquzzaman and William Ivancic of the paper “Cost and Efficiency Analysis of NEMO Protocol Entities” present an analytical model for estimating the cost incurred by major mobility entities of a NEMO. The authors define a new metric for cost calculation in the process. Both the newly developed metric and the analytical model are likely to be useful to network engineers in estimating the resource requirement at the key entities while designing such a network. The article titled “A Highly Flexible LDPC Decoder using Hierarchical Quasi-Cyclic Matrix with Layered Permutation” deals with Low Density Parity Check decoders. The authors, Vikram Arkalgud Chandrasetty and Syed Mahfuzul Aziz propose a novel multi-level structured hierarchical matrix approach for generating codes of different lengths flexibly depending upon the requirement of the application. The manuscript “Analysis of Performance Limitations in Fiber Bragg Grating Based Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer due to Crosstalk” has been contributed by M. Mahiuddin and M. S. Islam. The paper proposes a new method of handling crosstalk with a fiber Bragg grating based optical add drop multiplexer (OADM). The authors show with an analytical model that different parameters improve using their proposed OADM. The paper “High Performance Hierarchical Torus Network Under Adverse Traffic Patterns” addresses issues related to hierarchical torus network (HTN) under adverse traffic patterns. The authors, M.M. Hafizur Rahman, Yukinori Sato, and Yasushi Inoguchi observe that dynamic communication performance of an HTN under adverse traffic conditions has not yet been addressed. The authors evaluate the performance of HTN for comparison with some other relevant networks. It is interesting to see that HTN outperforms these counterparts in terms of throughput and data transfer under adverse traffic. The manuscript titled “Dynamic Communication Performance Enhancement in Hierarchical Torus Network by Selection Algorithm” has been contributed by M.M. Hafizur Rahman, Yukinori Sato, and Yasushi Inoguchi. The authors introduce three simple adapting routing algorithms for efficient use of physical links and virtual channels in hierarchical torus network. The authors show that their approaches yield better performance for such networks. The final title “An Optimization Technique for Improved VoIP Performance over Wireless LAN” has been contributed by five authors, namely, Tamal Chakraborty, Atri Mukhopadhyay, Suman Bhunia, Iti Saha Misra and Salil K. Sanyal. The authors propose an optimization technique for configuring the parameters of the access points. In addition, they come up with an optimization mechanism in order to tune the threshold of active queue management system appropriately. Put together, the mechanisms improve the VoIP performance significantly under congestion. Finally, the Guest Editors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the 15 reviewers besides the guest editors themselves (Khalid M. Awan, Mukaddim Pathan, Ben Townsend, Morshed Chowdhury, Iftekhar Ahmad, Gour Karmakar, Shivali Goel, Hairulnizam Mahdin, Abdullah A Yusuf, Kashif Sattar, A.K.M. Azad, F. Rahman, Bahman Javadi, Abdelrahman Desoky, Lenin Mehedy) from several countries (Australia, Bangladesh, Japan, Pakistan, UK and USA) who have given immensely to this process. They have responded to the Guest Editors in the shortest possible time and dedicated their valuable time to ensure that the Special Issue contains high-quality papers with significant novelty and contributions

Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja dan Kompensasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. Bank Sulut Cabang Airmadidi

Keberhasilan suatu organisasi sangat dipengaruhi oleh kinerja individu karyawannya. Setiap organisasi maupun Perusahaan akan selalu berusaha untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan, dengan harapan apa yang menjadi tujuan Perusahaan akan tercapai. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah lingkungan kerja, kepuasan kerja, dan kompensasi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Bank SULUT Cabang Airmadidi Kabupaten Minahasa Utara. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai PT. Bank SULUT Cabang Airmadidi. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah sampling jenuh, yaitu mengambil seluruh sampel sebanyak 68 responden. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian dan hipotesis menunjukan bahwa lingkungan kerja, kepuasan kerja, dan kompensasi secara simultan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Secara parsial hanya lingkungan kerja yang tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, kepuasan kerja dan kompensasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Sebaiknya pimpinan PT. Bank Sulut Cabang Airmadidi dapat memperhatikan faktor lingkunga kerja, kepuasan kerja, serta pemberian kompensasi yang dapat meningkatkan kinerja karyawan sehingga dapat mencapai visi dan misi Perusahaan. Kata kunci: lingkungan kerja, kepuasan kerja, kompensasi, kinerja karyawa

Budaya Literasi Melalui Program Gls Dalam Menumbuhkembangkan Minat Baca Siswa SD Negeri Melayu

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Budaya Literasi melalui program Gerakan Literasi Sekolah (GLS) dalam menumbuhkembangkan minat baca siswa di SD Negeri Melayu berdasarkan dari segi implementasi serta peran pihak sekolah dalam mendukung program GLS di SD Negeri Melayu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun objek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri Melayu tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini terbagi atas dua yakni sumber data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari wawancara, kuesioner (angket), observasi, studi dokumentasi, studi kepustakaan. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan 3 tahap yaitu data reduction, data display, dan Conclusion drawing/Verification. Program GLS di SD Negeri Melayu mulai diterapkan pada tahun 2016 yang merupakan bentuk kebijakan pemerintah dalam mewujudkan budaya literasi bagi siswa melalui kegiatan membaca 15 menit setiap dari seblum pelajaran dimulai, sebagaimana tertuang dalam Permendikbud Nomor 23 Tahun 2015. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh hasil bahwa: (1) Budaya literasi melalui implementasi GLS dalam menumbuhkembangkan minat baca peserta didik SD Negeri Melayu belum berjalan efektif dari segi tahap-tahap pelaksanaan.Namun,melalui tahap pembiasaan dalam wujud menumbuhkembangkan minat baca siswa SD Negeri Melayu telah dilihat dari kegiatan siswa didalam kelas sebelum memulai pelajaran, telah membiasakan diri untuk membaca selama 15 menit; (2) Peran pihak sekolah dalam mendukung program GLS di SD Negeri Melayu melalui penyediaan sarana dan pasarana, serta arahan dan motivasi guru maupun pustakawan terhadap siswa dalam tahap pembiasaan merupakan wujud kerjasama seluruh pihak sekolah SD Negeri Melayu dalam menumbuhkembangkan minat baca siswa

Indirect Organogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis of Pineapple Induced by Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

This research aimed to study the effect of 2,4-D,AdS, and basal media to the regeneration of pineapplethrough indirect organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis,and to study the complete event of somatic embryogenesis.Callus formation was induced by 21, 41, and 62 μM 2,4-Dwith addition of 9 μM TDZ. The non embryogenic calli weretransferred onto 4.65 μM Kn containing medium.Embryogenic callus formation was induced on MS or Bacbasal media consisted of N-organic compounds withaddition of AdS (0, 0.05 and 0.1 μM). The embryogenic calliwere regenerated on modified MS medium with addition of0.9 μM IBA, 1.1 μM BA, 0.09 μM GA3 or MS mediumsupplemented with 0.018 mM BA. The result proved that thesingle auxin of 2,4-D was not enough to induce embryogeniccells. Therefore the non embryogenic calli were regeneratedthrough organogenesis. The 21 μM 2,4-D yielded high level ofcallus formation (80%), higher fresh weight (0.2 g/explant)and higher number of shoot (25 shoots/explant in twomonths). Embryogenic calli were produced on N-organiccompounds enriched media. The regeneration mediumsignificantly affected the level of browning, where the MSmedium with addition of 0.018 mM BA yielded lower level ofbrowning. There was an interaction of embryogenic callusinduction medium and regeneration medium to the numberof mature somatic embryos. The embryogenic callusinduction on MS medium enriched with N-organiccompounds and 0.05 μM AdS followed by the regenerationof somatic embryos on MS medium with addition of 0.018mM BA was the best treatment which yielded 17 maturesomatic embryos/explant