Zn-containing double complex salts formed by Keggin type polyoxotungstates: Synthesis and crystal structure

© 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. Novel double complex salts, [Zn(DMF) 6 ] 2 [SiW 12 O 40 ] · 2H 2 O (I) and [Zn(H 2 O) 2 (DMF) 4 ][Zn(DMF) 6 ] 2 [PW 12 O 40 ] 2 · 6DMF (II) (DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), were prepared by the reaction of Zn 2+ and heteropoly acids H x [EW 12 O 40 ] · xH 2 O (E = P, X = 3, E = Si, X = 4) in DMF. Compounds I and II were studied by X-ray diffraction (СIF files CCDC nos. 1497570 (I) and 1497571 (II)) and IR spectroscopy

Complexes of non-lacunary Keggin- and Dawson-type polyoxometalates with Pb(ii): formation of 1D coordination polymers with different bonding modes

© The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.A new coordination polymer based on Keggin-type [SiW12O40]4- and Pb2+ ions, {Pb2(μ2-DMF)2(DMF)8(SiW12O40)} (1a), was prepared by a reaction between H4[SiW12O40] and Pb(NO3)2 in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Varying the crystallization conditions, a complex with a slightly different coordination mode of the {Pb2} unit and solvate composition, {Pb2(μ2-DMF)2(DMF)8(SiW12O40)}·DMF (1b), can be obtained. The complex containing Well-Dawson polyoxoanions, {(Pb(μ2-DMF)3(DMF)6)(Pb(DMF)5)(P2W18O62)}·0.5DMF·1.3H2O (2), was prepared by a similar strategy

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ЭТАПНОГО ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ИНФАНТИЛЬНЫХ И ЮВЕНИЛЬНЫХ СКОЛИОЗОВ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ МЕТОДИК

Introduction. The analysis Results of surgical treatment of growing children with infantile and juvenile scoliosis (IS) can the optimal method of treatment select. In young children with significant growth potential spinal fusion may not be the best option as it limits further longitudinal growth of the spine and may to the thoracic insufficiency syndrome result. To address this problem recently several techniques focused, their have advantages and drawbacks.Material and methods. Since 2008 year 127 patients (64 girls, 63 boys) aged (4.5 ± 2.1) years were operated on. In group I 65 patients were operated on using VEPTR (Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib) instrumentation, in group II 42 patients using various spinal instrumentation. 20 patients with congenital kyphosis were excluded. The average follow-up time was (5.6 ± 1.1) years.Results. In group I average value of the primary scoliotic curve before surgery was (74.7 ± 22.9), secondary curve (42.8 ± 16.0), thoracic kyphosis (46.3 ± 27.4), lumbar lordosis (54.6 ± 14). Average value of the primary scoliotic curve after surgery was reduced to (51 ± 20) (correction 31.7%), at followup to (56.5 ± 18.5), secondary curve (31.8 ± 12.8) (25.7%), at follow-up to (32.4 ± 18.4), thoracic kyphosis (36.8 ± 20.8) (20,5%), at follow-up to (41.8 ± 21.0), lumbar lordosis (45.4 ± 12.7) (16,9%), at follow-up to (48.2 ± 11.7) (p < 0.05). Space available for lung before surgery was (84.5 ± 8.7) %, after surgery was (94.8 ± 6.7)%, at follow-up increased to (98.6 ± 5.4) % (p < 0.05). Complications included 11 implant dislocations and 1 infection. In group II average value of the primary scoliotic curve before surgery was (87.6 ± 6.6), secondary curve (47.8 ± 4.6), thoracic kyphosis (61.4 ± 10.4), lumbar lordosis (61.8 ± 4.9). Average value of the primary scoliotic curve after surgery was reduced to 50.6 ± 5.3 (correction 42.3%), at follow-up to (66.1 ± 6.3), secondary curve (24.1 ± 2.9) (49.6%), at follow-up to (37 ± 5.4), thoracic kyphosis (38.8 ± 7.7) (36.8%), at follow-up to (59.4 ± 11.2), lumbar lordosis (47.5 ± 4.1) (23.2%), at follow-up to (64.5 ± 4.5) (p < 0.05). Complications included 23 implant dislocations and 1 infection. No neurological complications.Conclusion. Stage correction fusions using various instrumentation is a method of choice for controlled correction of growing children with IS.Введение. Анализ результатов хирургического лечения сколиотических деформаций позвоночника у активно растущих детей позволяет выбрать оптимальный метод лечения. Стабилизация позвоночника является быть оптимальным вариантом, так как может привести к ограничению его дальнейшего роста и развитию синдрома торакальной недостаточности. На решение этой задачи в последнее время ориентировано несколько методик, имеющих свои достоинства и недостатки.Цель исследования – проанализировать результаты хирургического лечения инфантильных и ювенильных сколиозов с использованием различного инструментария.Материал и методы. В период с 1998 по2014 г. оперировано 127 детей (64 девочки и 63 мальчика) с инфантильными и ювенильными деформациями позвоночника различной этиологии. Операции проводились по двум методикам: первая группа (65 больных) – по методике VEPTR (Vertical Expandable Prosthetic Titanium Rib, США), вторая (42 больных) – с использованием дорсального сегментарного инструментария. Средний возраст начала лечения составил (4,5 ± 2,1) года (I группа), (7,6 ± 2,4) года (II группа). Сроки послеоперационного наблюдения составили (5,6 ± 1,1) года (от 6 мес до 12 лет).Результаты. В группе I средняя величина основной сколиотической дуги перед началом лечения составляла (74,7 ± 22,9)°, противоискривления – (42,8 ± 16)°, грудного кифоза – (46,3±27,4)°, поясничного лордоза – (54,6 ± 14)°. Величина основной сколиотической дуги после операции составляла (51,0 ± 20,0)° (коррекция 31,7%), противоискривления – (31,8 ± 12,8)° (коррекция 25,7%), кифоза – (36,8 ± 20,8)° (коррекция 20,5%), лордоза – (45,4 ± 12,7)° (коррекция 16,9%) (p < 0,05). В конце срока наблюдения величина основной сколиотической дуги составила (56,5 ± 18,5)°, противоискривления – (32,4 ± 18,4)°, кифоза – (41,8 ± 21,0)°, лордоза – (48,2 ± 11,7)° (p < 0,05). При использовании инструментария VEPTR отмечено увеличение отношения пространств доступных для легких в сравнении с исходным – (84,5 ± 8,7), послеоперационным – (94,8 ± 6,7) и значением в конце срока наблюдения – (98,6 ± 5,4) (p < 0,05). У 11 пациентов отмечена нестабильность захватов инструментария, 1 случай нагноения. Во II группе средняя величина основной сколиотической дуги перед началом лечения составляла (87,6 ± 6,6)°, противоискривления – (47,8 ± 4,6)°, грудного кифоза – (61,4 ± 10,4)°, поясничного лордоза – (61,8 ± 4,9)°. Величина основной сколиотической дуги после операции составляла (50,6 ± 5,3)° (коррекция 42,3%), противоискривления – (24,1 ± 2,9)° (коррекция 49,6%), кифоза – (38,8 ± 7,7)° (коррекция 36,8%), лордоза – (47,5 ± 4,1)° (коррекция 23,2%) (p < 0,05). В конце срока наблюдения величина основной сколиотической дуги составила (66,1 ± 6,3)°, противоискривления – (37,0 ± 5,4)°, кифоза – (59,4 ± 11,2)°, лордоза – (64,5 ± 4,5)° (p < 0,05). У 23 пациентов отмечена нестабильность захватов инструментария, 1 случай нагноения. Неврологических осложнений не отмечено.Вывод. При хирургическом лечении инфантильных и ювенильных сколиозов методом выбора являются этапные коррекции с использованием различного инструментария

Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 Controls Necrotic Core Formation in Atherosclerotic Lesions by Impairing Efferocytosis

The research leading to these results has received funding from the British Heart Foundation Center of Research Excellence, Imperial College London, the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007–2013; contract no. 201668; AtheroRemo and HEALTH.2012-1.2-1; contract no. 305739 RiskyCAD), The Kennedy Trustees, The Swedish Heart and Lung foundation (20150277), The Swedish Research Council (2015-00582), the Swedish Society of Medicine (SLS-500141), Skåne University Hospital funds, Region Skåne Research funds, and the Novo Nordisk Foundation (grant no. NNF15CC0018346)

Identification of a Novel β-Cell Glucokinase (GCK) Promoter Mutation (−71G>C) That Modulates GCK Gene Expression Through Loss of Allele-Specific Sp1 Binding Causing Mild Fasting Hyperglycemia in Humans

OBJECTIVE: Inactivating mutations in glucokinase (GCK) cause mild fasting hyperglycemia. Identification of a GCK mutation has implications for treatment and prognosis; therefore, it is important to identify these individuals. A significant number of patients have a phenotype suggesting a defect in glucokinase but no abnormality of GCK. We hypothesized that the GCK beta-cell promoter region, which currently is not routinely screened, could contain pathogenic mutations; therefore, we sequenced this region in 60 such probands. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The beta-cell GCK promoter was sequenced in patient DNA. The effect of the identified novel mutation on GCK promoter activity was assessed using a luciferase reporter gene expression system. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) were used to determine the impact of the mutation on Sp1 binding. RESULTS: A novel -71G>C mutation was identified in a nonconserved region of the human promoter sequence in six apparently unrelated probands. Family testing established cosegregation with fasting hyperglycemia (> or = 5.5 mmol/l) in 39 affected individuals. Haplotype analysis in the U.K. family and four of the Slovakian families demonstrated that the mutation had arisen independently. The mutation maps to a potential transcriptional activator binding site for Sp1. Reporter assays demonstrated that the mutation reduces promoter activity by up to fourfold. EMSAs demonstrated a dramatic reduction in Sp1 binding to the promoter sequence corresponding to the mutant allele. CONCLUSIONS: A novel beta-cell GCK promoter mutation was identified that significantly reduces gene expression in vitro through loss of regulation by Sp1. To ensure correct diagnosis of potential GCK-MODY (maturity-onset diabetes of the young) cases, analysis of the beta-cell GCK promoter should be included

ВЛИЯНИЕ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ НА ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО ПЛОДОВ ПЕРЦА СЛАДКОГО В УСЛОВИЯХ ИНТЕНСИВНОЙ СВЕТОКУЛЬТУРЫ

Effects of humic preparation (HP) Stimulife and PGPR (plant growth promotion rhizobacteria) Bacillus subtilis №2 on the productivity and quality of the sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits were studied in the control conditions. It was experimentally established that the use of Stimulife and bacteria Bacillus subtilis №2 resulted in an increase in plant height, productivity and biochemical composition of sweet peppers. Differences in the effect of the studied preparations on the morphometric, phenological and biochemical characteristics of plants and fruits of pepper varieties Ermak and Cinderella were revealed. The bacteria Bacillus subtilis №2 significantly increased the yield, the number of fruits per one plant and the contents of ascorbic acid and carbohydrates in pepper fruits. In this case, the average weight of one fruit of pepper v. Ermak decreased. HP Stimulife increased the pepper yield due to increasing the mean mass of one fruit in both pepper varieties. Joint used of HP Stimulife and bacteria Bacillus subtilis №2 led to an intensification of the production process of plants compared to the experiment variants, in which HP Stimulife was used alone. The yield of sweet pepper Ermak and Cinderella increased by 10-45%, the maturation period of fruits was reduced by 10-14 days, the content of ascorbic acid increased by 25%, sugar content increased to 26%. The expediency of the joint application of HP Stimulife and bacteria Bacillus subtilis №2 in the cultivation of sweet pepper under controlled conditions is substantiated.В условиях интенсивной светокультуры изучено влияние гуминового препарата (ГП) Стимулайф и PGPR бактерий Bacillus subtilis №2 на продуктивность и качество плодов перца сладкого Capsicum annuum L Экспериментально установлено, что применение ГП Стимулайф и бактерий Bacillus subtilis №2 привело к увеличению высоты растений, показателей продуктивности и улучшению биохимического состава плодов перца сладкого. Выявлены различия в действии изучаемых препаратов на морфометрические, фенологические и биохимические характеристики растений перца сортов Ермак и Золушка. Бактерии Bacillus subtilis №2 достоверно увеличивали урожайность, количество плодов на одном растении у обоих сортов и содержание аскорбиновой кислоты и углеводов в плодах. При этом средняя масса одного плода у перца Ермак не изменилась по сравнению с контролем. ГП Стимулайф увеличивал среднюю массу 1 плода у обоих сортов, за счет чего увеличивалась урожайность. Совместная обработка растений ГП Стимулайф и бактериями Bacillus subtilis №2 привела к интенсификации продукционного процесса растений, по сравнению с вариантами опыта, в которых применялся только ГП Стимулайф. Урожайность перца сладкого сортов Ермак и Золушка увеличилась на 10-45%, сократились сроки созревания плодов на 10-14 суток, содержание аскорбиновой кислоты выросло на 25%, сахаров –до 26%. Обоснована целесообразность совместного применения ГП Стимулайф и бактерий Bacillus subtilis №2 при выращивании перца сладкого в технологиях интенсивной светокультуры

Cytokines and inflammatory mediators: 25. Certolizumab Pegol has a Different Profile from the other Anti-TNFS, Including Golimumab, in a Variety of in Vitro Assays

Background: Activities of the anti-TNFs, certolizumab pegol (CZP), etanercept (ETA), infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADA), have been compared in a range of in vitro assays. CZP is the only licensed PEGylated Fab' anti-TNF; ETA is a fusion protein with an IgG1 Fc, and IFX and ADA are both antibodies with an IgG1 Fc. Golimumab (GLM) is a monoclonal IgG1 TNF inhibitor recently approved for a number of indications; it is thus of interest to assess the in vitro activity of GLM. In vitro assays previously used were neutralisation of TNF in the L929 bioassay, inhibition of LPS-driven cytokine production by monocytes, induction of apoptosis in activated lymphocytes and monocytes, and induction of neutrophil necrosis. Methods: Neutralisation of human TNF was assessed in the L929 bioassay using a range of concentrations of the anti-TNFs and a fixed concentration of TNF (100 pg/mL). Activity of the anti-TNFs at inhibiting LPS-driven IL-1β secretion by monocytes was assessed by incubating peripheral blood monocytes with various concentrations of the anti-TNF for 1 hour (hr) and then washing the cells. LPS was added for 4 hrs, the supernatants collected and the IL-1β level measured by ELISA. To assess induction of apoptosis, peripheral blood lymphocytes were activated for 2 days with 2 μg/mL CD3/CD28 and monocytes with 300 U/mL IL-4 and GMCSF for 3 days. The effect of the anti-TNFs on apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V staining using flow cytometry 24 hrs later. The effect of the anti-TNFs on neutrophil necrosis was determined by measuring myeloperoxidase release after 12 hrs. An isotype-matched control was used in all assays except the L929 bioassay. Results: IC90 neutralisation activity of the anti-TNFs in the L929 bioassay was 0.3 ng/mL for ETA, 4 ng/mL for GLM, 15 ng/mL for ADA, and 20 ng/mL for IFX, compared with 2.5 ng/mL for CZP. CZP was the most potent inhibitor of LPS-driven IL-1β secretion (IC50 ∼0.1 ng/mL), followed by GLM (20 ng/mL) and IFX (50 ng/mL). GLM, ADA, IFX and ETA induced apoptosis of monocytes and lymphocytes to a similar degree reaching a level of 23% and ∼40% at 100 μg/mL, respectively. CZP caused no increase in apoptosis above the levels seen with the isotype-matched control. In the neutrophil necrosis assay, ADA,IFX and GLM caused ∼70% necrosis at 100 μg/mL, and ETA 48%. CZP did not increase the level of necrosis above the level of the control. Conclusions: Bioactivity of the IgG1 molecules GLM, IFX and ADA in neutralising human TNF was inferior to that of CZP and ETA. CZP, the only PEGylated anti-TNF, had a different profile to the other anti-TNFs as it was the most potent at inhibiting LPS-driven IL-1β production by monocytes, did not induce apoptosis of activated monocytes and lymphocytes, and did not cause neutrophil necrosis. The clinical relevance of these in vitro effects is unknown. Nevertheless, these assays show interesting in vitro differences between the anti-TNFs. Disclosure statement: G.F. and A.N. are employees of UC

Влияние различных источников света на продукционный процесс томата в интенсивной светокультуре

Introduction. The development of ideas about the influence of the light environment - the radiation spectrum, intensity and duration of exposure, on the physiology of plants, serves as the basis for the creation of effective light sources for protected ground.Purpose. Comparative test of the influence of a light environment with different spectral composition on the productivity and quality of tomatoes in conditions of intensive photo culture.Methods. Investigations were made under controlled conditions of intensive photoculture when growing dwarf tomatoes of the variety Natasha selections of the “Federal Scientific Vegetable Center” on thin-layer soil analogs with the supply of a nutrient solution to the plant roots through a slit capillary in vegetative light installations developed at the ARI. The light sources were high-pressure sodium lamps and LED lamps SD1, SD2, and SD3 with different emission spectra. Results. Tomatoes of the Natasha variety, illuminated during development with HPS lamps, formed almost the same yield with an average fruit weight of 42.5 kg/m2 per layer per year. Natasha tomato grown under LED lamps showed a tendency to lower productivity by 29% under SD1 and by 8% under SD2 and higher by 19% under underSD3 compared to that under HPS lamps. A comparative assessment of the biochemical composition of tomato fruits indicates their high quality under all tested light sources.Conclusion. Cultivation of dwarf tomato varieties on thin-layer soil analogs showed the best results in terms of productivity with good quality plant products under LED lamps SD3 with a radiation spectrum close to sunlight.Введение. Развитие представлений о влиянии световой среды – спектра излучения, интенсивности и продолжительности воздействия, на физиологию растений, служит основой для создания эффективных источников света для защищенного грунта.Цель. Сравнительное испытание влияния световой среды с различным спектральным составом на продуктивность и качество томатов в условиях интенсивной светокультуры.Методы. Исследования проводили в регулируемых условиях интенсивной светокультуры при выращивании томата карликового сорта Наташа селекции ФГБНУ «Федеральный центр овощеводства» на тонкослойных аналогах почвы (ТАП) с подачей питательного раствора к корням растений по щелевому капилляру в вегетационных светоустановках, разработанных в ФГБНУ АФИ. Источниками света служили натриевые лампы высокого давления и светодиодные светильники СД1, СД2 и СД3с различными спектрами излучения.Результаты. Растения томата сорта Наташа, освещаемый в процессе развития лампами ДНаЗ, сформировали практически одинаковую урожайность со средней массой плодов 42,5 кг/м2 с одного яруса в год. Выращенные под светодиодными светильниками растения томата сорта Наташа показали тенденцию к более низкой продуктивности на 29% под СД1 и на 8% –под СД2 и более высокой – на 19% под СД3 по сравнению с таковой под лампами ДНаЗ. Сравнительная оценка биохимического состава плодов томата свидетельствует о высоком их качестве под всеми тестируемыми источниками света.Заключение. Культивирование растений карликовых сортов томата на ТАП показало наилучшие результаты по продуктивности при хорошем качестве растительной продукции под светодиодными светильниками СД3 со спектром излучения, близким к солнечному свету