15 research outputs found

    Влияние фотонов ближней ультрафиолетовой области на рост и развитие свеклы сахарной (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris var. saccharifera Alef.) в условиях закрытой агробиотехносистемы

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    Relevance and methodology. In order to determine the effect of near-ultraviolet radiation with a wavelength of 380 nm on the growth and development of a sugar beet hybrid plant, Smena was grown for 82 days under LED lighting with phytolamps and under conditions of increased UV-A intensity of the light range (an increase in the UV/PPFD ratio (0.027) compared with the control (0.0075) while maintaining the ratio of the remaining sites spectrum). The study was carried out on the basis of the digital software package "Synergotron" with a controlled internal environment.Results. An increase in the share of UV-A in the illumination spectrum leads to a significant change in the biometric indicators of plants – the aboveground biomass increases by 2.2 times compared to the control, and the mass of the underground part (root crops), on the contrary, decreases by 86.9%. At the same time, the share of root crops in the total biomass of plants decreases from 60% in the control to 30%. The morphological structure of the leaf apparatus changes: the proportion of petioles increases significantly compared to leaf blades (64.8% of petioles in aboveground biomass, whereas in the control 30%). Probably, an increase in the share of UV-A in the spectrum can favorably affect the cultivation of leaf forms of beets and other root crops. UV-A radiation leads to a change in the chemical composition of root crops, in particular, a decrease in the accumulation of dry substances (by 1.58%) and a decrease in sugar content (by 1.8%). An increase in the proportion of UV-A in the irradiation spectrum changes the parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence and contributes to an increase in the maximum quantum yield of Fv/Fm, non-photosynthetic quenching of NPQ fluorescence and a decrease in the real quantum yield of photosynthesis Y(II), as well as the electron transport rate (ETR).Актуальность и методология. С целью определения влияния ближнего ультрафиолетового излучения длиной волны 380 нм на рост и развитие растения свеклы сахарной гибрида Смена выращивали в течение 82 суток при светодиодном освещении фотолампами и в условиях усиления интенсивности УФА диапазона света (повышение отношения UV/PPFD (0,027) по сравнению с контролем (0,0075) при сохранении соотношения остальных участков спектра). Исследование проводили на базе цифрового программного комплекса «Синерготрон» с регулируемой внутренней средой.Результаты. Увеличение доли УФ-А в спектре освещения приводит к существенному изменению биометрических показателей растений - надземная биомасса увеличивается в 2,2 раза по сравнению с контролем, а масса подземной части (корнеплоды), наоборот, снижается на 86,9%. При этом доля корнеплодов в общей биомассе растений снижается с 60% в контроле до 30%. Изменяется морфологическая структура листового аппарата: существенно возрастает доля черешков по сравнению с листовыми пластинками (64,8% черешков в надземной биомассе, тогда как в контроле 30%). УФ-А излучение приводит к изменению химического состава корнеплодов, в частности, понижению накопления сухих веществ (на 1,58%) и снижению сахаристости (на 1,8%). Повышение доли УФ-А в спектре облучения изменяет параметры флуоресценции хлорофилла и способствует повышению максимального квантового выхода Fv/Fm, нефотосинтетического тушения флуоресценции NPQ и снижению реального квантового выхода фотосинтеза Y(II), а также скорости электронного транспорта (ETR)

    Комплексный подход к выбору терапии у пациентов с остеоартритом при первичном обращении к врачу. Консенсус экспертов (обзор литературы и резолюция)

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    Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common pathology of the musculoskeletal system and is a serious medical and social problem. OA is of particular importance in elderly and senile people due to the high frequency of comorbid pathology. Pain relief is a priority in the formation of individual therapeutic programs for patients with OA, starting from their first request for medical assistance. At the same time, due to the ambiguity of existing clinical recommendations, most experts note a number of difficulties in prescribing treatment for patients with OA.The article presents a consensus position of experts regarding a complex approach to the choice of therapy in patients with OA at the initial visit to the doctor. The article discusses: current clinical guidelines for the management of patients with OA; most common problems in the management of patients with OA in real clinical practice; goals of treatment strategies for OA taking into account the risk factors for its progression; an algorithm of pain relief during initial treatment in patients with OA; prevention of OA exacerbations with the use of basic structure-modifying drugs; recommendations for the choice of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.According to experts, a rational approach to the treatment of OA is based on the combined use of non-drug and pharmacological methods with constant monitoring of therapy regimens and side effects. These recommendations can be considered disease-modifying strategies that in many cases allow improving functional status and achieving long-term remission in patients with OA.Остеоартрит (ОА) – наиболее распространенная патология опорно-двигательного аппарата, являющаяся серьезной медико-социальной проблемой. Особое значение ОА приобретает у лиц пожилого и старческого возраста из-за высокой частоты коморбидной патологии. Купирование болевого синдрома является приоритетным при формировании индивидуальных терапевтических программ для пациентов с ОА, начиная с момента их первичного обращения за медицинской помощью. Вместе с тем из-за неоднозначности существующих клинических рекомендаций большинство экспертов отмечают ряд сложностей при назначении лечения больным ОА.В статье представлена согласованная позиция экспертов, касающаяся комплексного подхода к выбору терапии у пациентов с ОА при первичном обращении к врачу. Рассмотрены имеющиеся на сегодняшний день клинические рекомендации по ведению пациентов с ОА, наиболее часто возникающие проблемы при курации больных ОА в реальной клинической практике, цели лечебных стратегий при ОА с учетом факторов риска его прогрессирования, алгоритм лечения боли у пациентов с ОА при первичном обращении и профилактики обострений ОА с использованием базисных структурно-модифицирующих препаратов, рекомендации по выбору нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов.По мнению экспертов, рациональный подход к терапии ОА основан на комбинированном использовании немедикаментозных и фармакологических методов при постоянном мониторинге режимов терапии и побочных эффектов. Данные рекомендации можно рассматривать как болезнь-модифицирующие стратегии, позволяющие во многих случаях улучшить функциональный статус и добиться длительной ремиссии у пациентов с ОА

    Putative DHHC-Cysteine-Rich Domain S-Acyltransferase in Plants

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    Protein S-acyltransferases (PATs) containing Asp-His-His-Cys within a Cys-rich domain (DHHC-CRD) are polytopic transmembrane proteins that are found in eukaryotic cells and mediate the S-acylation of target proteins. S-acylation is an important secondary and reversible modification that regulates the membrane association, trafficking and function of target proteins. However, little is known about the characteristics of PATs in plants. Here, we identified 804 PATs from 31 species with complete genomes. The analysis of the phylogenetic relationships suggested that all of the PATs fell into 8 groups. In addition, we analysed the phylogeny, genomic organization, chromosome localisation and expression pattern of PATs in Arabidopsis, Oryza sative, Zea mays and Glycine max. The microarray data revealed that PATs genes were expressed in different tissues and during different life stages. The preferential expression of the ZmPATs in specific tissues and the response of Zea mays to treatments with phytohormones and abiotic stress demonstrated that the PATs play roles in plant growth and development as well as in stress responses. Our data provide a useful reference for the identification and functional analysis of the members of this protein family

    Sugar-beet complex of Russia: stateand directions of development

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    The complex estimation of state of sugar-beet complex of the Russian Federation has been made. The basic indices of sugar beet production and processing such as area under crop, yield, croppage, sugar content, forecasted sugar yield, and production of sugar from beet are presented. Particular attention has been given to the analysis of sugar-beet industry of the Central Federal District and its separate regions. A high potential of raw-material base development in Central Federal District and, in particular, Central Black-Earth Region has been revealed. Thus, in Russia, about 53% of sugar beet sown annually is located in Central Federal District. In the District, areas under the crop were 607.4 thousand hectares in 2016 and increased by 8.7% in comparison with 2015. Also, in the structure of croppages, Central Federal District has the greatest position as providing 58.5% of overall production, and the Central Black Earth Region рrоduсеs 88–89% of the District sugar beet croppage. Over the period of 2005–2014, Central Federal District has surpassed Privolzhsky Federal District by 23.3% and Siberian Federal District by 25.3% in sugar yield per 1 hectare; but it is slightly inferior to Southern Federal District and North-Caucasian Federal District in this respect (by 3 and 12.6% accordingly). These achievements were promoted by favorable soil and environmental conditions during vegetation and harvesting of sugar beet, perfection of the crop cultivation technology and modernization of sugar industry. On the whole, Russia is the leader in beet sugar production (5 million tons) that provides 90% level of self-sufficiency. Strengthening of material and technical base, as well as development and introduction of resources-economy technologies can become the priority directions of the sugar-beet complex steady development in an effort to realize the policy of imported products substitution

    Assessment of the State of Soils and Vegetation in Areas of Landfills and Municipal Solid Waste Sites (a Review)

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