Cross-cultural competence development of future specialists in the sphere of linguistics and translation

В статье рассматриваются вопросы формирования межкультурной компетенции в процессе подготовки профессиональных переводчиков в вузе. Выделяются основные этапы межкультурного образования и воспитания. Дается описание разработанного модуля по межкультурной коммуникации, а также методики межкультурного обучения, основанной на общедидактических и методических принципах, актуальных для данной предметной области. Особое внимание в статье уделяется интерактивным методам формирования и развития межкультурной компетенции, как, например, «case-study», «культурный ассимилятор» и др.The article focuses on issues connected with forming and developing cross-cultural competence in the process of teaching translators and interpreters in higher school. Major stages of cross-cultural education and training are singled out. The article provides a description of an educational module based on general didactic and methodological principles relevant to this subject area. Special focus is given to interactive methods of forming and developing cross-cultural competence such as “case-study”, “cultural assimilator”, etc

Timed and targeted differential regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and anti-NOS genes by reward conditioning leading to long-term memory formation

In a number of neuronal models of learning, signaling by the neurotransmitter nitric oxide (NO), synthesized by the enzyme neuronal NO synthase (nNOS), is essential for the formation of long-term memory (LTM). Using the molluscan model system Lymnaea, we investigate here whether LTM formation is associated with specific changes in the activity of members of the NOS gene family: Lym-nNOS1, Lym-nNOS2, and the antisense RNA-producing pseudogene (anti-NOS). We show that expression of the Lym-nNOS1 gene is transiently upregulated in cerebral ganglia after conditioning. The activation of the gene is precisely timed and occurs at the end of a critical period during which NO is required for memory consolidation. Moreover, we demonstrate that this induction of the Lym-nNOS1 gene is targeted to an identified modulatory neuron called the cerebral giant cell (CGC). This neuron gates the conditioned feeding response and is an essential part of the neural network involved in LTM formation. We also show that the expression of the anti-NOS gene, which functions as a negative regulator of nNOS expression, is downregulated in the CGC by training at 4 h after conditioning, during the critical period of NO requirement. This appears to be the first report of the timed and targeted differential regulation of the activity of a group of related genes involved in the production of a neurotransmitter that is necessary for learning, measured in an identified neuron of known function. We also provide the first example of the behavioral regulation of a pseudogene

Methodical aspects of the formation of self-educational competence in the field of intercultural communication of linguistic students

The article considers the possibility of preparing linguists-translators for intercultural self-education. The purpose of the study is to determine the content of the preparation of future linguists-translators for self-education in the field of intercultural communication.В статье рассматривается возможность подготовки лингвистов-переводчиков к межкультурному самообразованию. Целью исследования является определение содержания подготовки будущих лингвистов-переводчиков к самообразованию в области межкультурной коммуникации

Ресурсный компонент цифровой образовательной среды в обучении студентов-лингвистов

Целью данного исследования является рассмотрение ресурсного компонента цифровой образовательной среды в контексте подготовки студентов-лингвистов. Для достижения поставленной цели была предпринята попытка разработать структуру цифровой образовательной среды для обучения будущих переводчиков, изучена методико-педагогическая и научная литература по данной проблеме, выделены основные цифровые ресурсы, которые могут использоваться при проектировании занятий.The purpose of this study is to consider the resource component of the digital learning environment in the context of the training of future linguists. To achieve this goal, an attempt was made to develop the structure of a digital learning environment for training future linguists, the methodological, pedagogical and scientific literature on this issue was studied, and the main digital resources that can be used in designing lessons were identified

Foreign Language Methodology and Its Application in Russian language teaching in Chinese universities

Методы обучения иностранному языку многочисленны, каждый из них имеет свои преимущества и недостатки. В статье обосновывается положение, что основные методы выбираются в соответствии с этапами обучения и типами курсов преподавания русского языка в китайских университетах, учитываются и другие факторы. В результате значительно улучшается эффект преподавания иностранного языка, и достигаются цели подготовки кадров для преподавания русского языка в вузах.The methods of teaching a foreign language are numerous, each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. The article substantiates the position that the main methods are chosen according to the stages of learning and types of Russian language teaching courses in Chinese universities, other factors are also taken into consideration. As a result, the effect of teaching a foreign language is significantly improved and the objectives of training for Russian language teaching in universities are achieved

Intercultural Communication Skills Development in Business Chinese Teaching

Деловой китайский язык – это специализированный язык, который используется в деловом общении. Целью обучения деловому китайскому языку является формирование у иностранных студентов способности правильно вести общение в деловом контексте. Международное общение считается одним из ключевых факторов при ведении международного бизнеса, и правильность владения деловым этикетом влияет на успех или провал в переговорах. Таким образом, в дополнение к уже имеющимся знаниям студентов, изучающих китайский язык и базовых языковых навыков, таких как аудирование, говорение, чтение и письмо, формирование навыков межкультурного общения должно быть обязательной частью обучения деловому китайскому языку, а внедрение эффективного метода обучения деловому китайскому языку, позволит достичь цели и улучшит навыки студентов.Business Chinese is a specialized language that is used in business communication. The purpose of teaching business Chinese is to form the ability of foreign students to communicate correctly in a business context. International communication is considered one of the key factors in conducting international business and the correctness of business etiquette affects the success or failure in negotiations, thus, in addition to the already existing knowledge of students studying Chinese and basic language skills such as listening, speaking, reading and writing, the formation of intercultural communication skills should be mandatory part of teaching business Chinese, and the introduction of an effective method of teaching business Chinese, will achieve the goal and improve the skills of students

A Compromise Approach to Rendering Urban Place Names: the Case of Ekaterinburg

The paper describes different approaches to the rendering of urban place names, i.e. the names of different city facilities, and argues for the importance of accuracy in the case of Russian-into-English translation. With the balanced account of the two basic translation methods commonly applied to such vocabulary units — the one that makes use of calquing in accordance with the standards of the target language, and the other based exclusively on the use of transliteration for rendering both the statute and the main part of the toponymic unit — the authors develop and justify a compromise approach to rendering toponyms for the urban navigation system. This new one embraces a number of other translation techniques used alongside with transliteration / translation in rendering place names from Russian into English. In practice, this would provide for easier city navigation for non-native Russian speakers. A detailed description of the methodology of rendering the said units into English is exemplified by the names of different urban facilities of Ekaterinburg. The given methodology has been developed by a group of researchers, including the authors of the paper