Financial aspects of staging international sports events

International events that have a major effect on functioning of all national economy sectors of the host country and its regions enhance competitive ability of a public-law entity. Staging of international sports events influences the economy long before and after the event. In recent years, Russia regularly applies for major international sports events, the Russian Federation has really strengthened its positions as an organizer of the largest world sports events, which is evidence of internationally recognized stable socioeconomic and political climate in Russia. Significant financing is required for the preparation and organization of mega-events, which influences the development of real estate, labour, stock and tourism markets. These events are focused on engagement of foreign citizens, large-size construction projects, transport infrastructure and general regional development. Preparation and staging of world sports events can be considered as an equivalent to many federal programs of regional development. The analysis of financial indicators of the preparation and staging of world sports events helps understand how to sponsor and take all the opportunities from major international and all-Russian events, comprehensively evaluate financial and economic conditions in the regions, bring in private companies and their funds to implement federal programs

Revitalização do sistema de cooperação do consumidor na Rússia; desenvolvimento sustentável do território e crescimento da qualidade de vida

The system of consumer cooperation has a certain potential in solving national problems related to the provision of employment and the quality of life of the population, as well as to the social reorganization of the village. The study shows that the cooperative system is characterized by the complementarity of traits (social and economic), the dialectical interaction of which serves as the basis for the formation of civil society (self-organization and voluntary cooperation of shareholders in the process of production and economic activity) and a peculiar locomotive of the evolution of society towards building socially-oriented market economy (non-commercial nature of activities and humanistic values). However, the emerging trend of losing the competitive positions of the consumer cooperative system in the regional consumer markets in Russia leads to an awareness of the need for institutional changes that would make it possible to fully utilize the economic and social potential of the development of consumer cooperation in the context of the structural transformation of Russian society. The authors offer practical recommendations on the design and formation of effective forms of management of economic entities in the cooperative sector. Complex nature of the economic resource requires its inclusion in the correlation algorithm of proactive management. Simulation of sustainable innovation development of the regional system of consumer cooperation is possible only using optimization-qualimetric modeling on the platform of the software product. Computer technologies create objective opportunities for creating the required model. The integrated computer space is able to rework the network of mathematical matrices, building a complete life cycle of an economic resource, consisting not only of collecting and analyzing information, but also the possibility of making operational management decisions.El sistema de cooperación del consumidor tiene cierto potencial para resolver los problemas nacionales relacionados con la provisión de empleo y la calidad de vida de la población, así como con la reorganización social de la aldea. El estudio muestra que el sistema cooperativo se caracteriza por la complementariedad de rasgos (sociales y económicos), cuya interacción dialéctica sirve de base para la formación de la sociedad civil (autoorganización y cooperación voluntaria de los accionistas en el proceso de producción económica) y una locomotora peculiar de la evolución de la sociedad hacia la construcción de una economía de mercado orientada socialmente (naturaleza no comercial de las actividades y valores humanísticos). Sin embargo, la tendencia emergente de perder las posiciones competitivas del sistema de cooperativas de consumo en los mercados de consumo regionales en Rusia lleva a una conciencia de la necesidad de cambios institucionales que permitan aprovechar plenamente el potencial económico y social del desarrollo del consumidor. Los autores ofrecen recomendaciones prácticas sobre el diseño y la formación de formas efectivas de gestión de entidades económicas en el sector cooperativo.  La naturaleza compleja del recurso económico requiere su inclusión en el algoritmo de correlación de la gestión proactiva. La simulación del desarrollo de innovación sostenible del sistema regional de cooperación del consumidor solo es posible mediante el uso del modelado optimizado y cualimétrico en la plataforma del producto de software. Las tecnologías informáticas crean oportunidades objetivas para crear el modelo requerido. El espacio informático integrado es capaz de volver a trabajar la red de matrices matemáticas, creando un ciclo de vida completo de un recurso económico, que consiste no solo en recopilar y analizar información, sino también en la posibilidad de tomar decisiones de gestión operativa.O sistema de cooperação do consumidor tem algum potencial para resolver problemas nacionais relacionados com a oferta de emprego e a qualidade de vida da população, bem como a reorganização social da aldeia. O estudo mostra que o sistema cooperativo é caracterizado pela complementaridade de características (sociais e econômicas), cuja interação dialética serve de base para a formação da sociedade civil (auto-organização e cooperação voluntária dos acionistas no processo de produção econômica) e uma locomotiva peculiar à evolução da sociedade para a construção de uma economia de mercado socialmente orientada (natureza não comercial de atividades e valores humanísticos). No entanto, a tendência emergente de perder as posições competitivas do sistema cooperativo de consumo nos mercados consumidores regionais da Rússia leva à conscientização da necessidade de mudanças institucionais que permitam a plena exploração do potencial econômico e social do desenvolvimento do consumidor. Os autores oferecem recomendações práticas sobre a concepção e formação de formas eficazes de gestão de entidades econômicas no setor cooperativo. A natureza complexa do recurso econômico requer sua inclusão no algoritmo de correlação do gerenciamento proativo. A simulação do desenvolvimento da inovação sustentável do sistema regional de cooperação do consumidor só é possível através do uso de modelagem otimizada e qualitativa na plataforma de produtos de software. As tecnologias computacionais criam oportunidades objetivas para criar o modelo necessário. O espaço computacional integrado é capaz de retrabalhar a rede de matrizes matemáticas, criando um ciclo de vida completo de um recurso econômico, que consiste não apenas em coletar e analisar informações, mas também na possibilidade de tomar decisões de gerenciamento operacional

The influence of hydrogen on the mechanical and functional properties of TiNi and TiNiFe single crystals

The effect of hydrogen on temperature dependence of critical stress σcr(T), the shape memory effect and superelasticity for [11]-oriented single crystals of Ti-50.7Ni (at.%) and [23]-oriented single crystals of Ti-49%Ni-1%Fe (at.%) alloys at tensile deformation has been studied. It was shown that the change of temperatures of the martensitic transformation, symmetry of thermal hysteresis and level of σcr(Ms) and σcr(B2) stresses are determined by the phase state of the material (martensite or austenite) in the process of hydrogenation

The effect of hydrogen on shape memory effect and superelasticity in single-phase nickel titanium single crystals

The effect of hydrogen on temperature dependences of axial stresses σcr(T), shape memory effect, and superelasticity of [1¯11]-oriented Ti-50.7% Ni (at %) alloy single crystals has been studied under tensile strain in a single-phase state. It is established that the level of σcr(Ms) and σcr(B2) stresses is determined by the state of hydrogen (in solid solution or titanium hydride particles) in the initial B2 phase. Superelasticity up to 2.0–2.5% occurs when hydrogen is present in the solid solution

Influence of hydrogen on mechanical properties of [012]-crystals of austenitic steel Fe-18Cr-14Ni-2Mo

The influence of hydrogen alloying on critical shear stress, strain hardening coefficient and crystal plasticity depending on temperature of testing in the range of 77...400 К and hydrogen atom concentration has been investigated on monocrystals of austenitic stainless steel Fe-18Cr-14Ni-2Mo with low staking fault energy. Hydrogenation up to 14 at. % is shown to result in 1,5...2 increase of strength properties expressed by temperature dependence of critical shearing strains and to encourage development of local deformation by sliding

Identification of Ecologo-geochemical Anomalies in Bed Silt of Regions with Severe Climatic Conditions (on Example of Aykhalsky Mining Complex)

Ecologo-geochemical estimation of bed slit in Aykhalsky mining complex, located in the permafrost zone, is carried out. The unique natural and anthropogenic geoecological factors of ecological environment formation in cryozone districts are give

Methodical aspects of the use of information technologies in learning information security management

The authors present the methodology of information security management training using various information technologies: expert systems and Internet resources, as well as their features in the modern concept of studying the basics of information security managementАвторы представляют методику обучения управлению информационной безопасностью с помощью различных информационных технологий: экспертных систем и интернет-ресурсов, а также их особенности в современной концепции изучения основ управления информационной безопасность

Structurally-logical schema dynamics mechanism

Improving the quality of education is the main task of didactics at the present stage of education. General technical disciplines such as "Theoretical mechanics", "Strength of materials", "Theory of mechanisms and machines", "Machine details " are the basis for subsequent special disciplines, providing fundamental training. The purpose of this work is to improve the educational process leading to the formation of required professional competences of the future specialistПовышение качества образования является основной задачей дидактики на современном этапе образования. Общетехнические дисциплины такие, как «Теоретическая механика», «Сопротивление материалов», «Теория механизмов и машин», «Детали машин» составляют основу для последующих специальных дисциплин, обеспечивая фундаментальную общеинженерную подготовку. Целью данной работы является совершенствование учебного процесса, способствующего формированию обязательных профессиональных компетенций будущего специалиста

Orientation dependence of the shape memory effect and superelasticity in ferromagnetic Co49Ni21Ga30 single crystals with γ'-phase particles

This paper reports on the orientation dependence of the shape memory effect and superelasticity in [001] and [overline 123] single-phase and aged at 623K, 1 hour single crystals of ferromagnetic Co49Ni21Ga30 (at.%) alloy with B2-L10 martensitic transformation. It was demonstrated that in single-phase crystals the values of reversible strain and the values of thermal and stress hysteresis depend on the crystal orientation. Precipitation of γ'-phase particles reduces the value of the shape memory effect and superelasticity and reduces their orientation dependence, increases the thermal and stress hysteresis in comparison with singlephase crystals

Critical resolved shear stress for twinning and twinning-induced plasticity in single crystals of the CoCrFeNiMo0.2 high-entropy alloy

The effect of alloying with Mo atoms 4 at.% on the twinning deformation, critical resolved shear stresses (CRSS) for slip τslcr and twinning τtwcr and plasticity was studied in [111]-, [144]- and [001]- oriented crystals of the Co24Cr24Fe24Ni24Mo4 (at.%) high-entropy alloy (HEA) under tension at 296 and 77 K. The stacking fault energy of the Co24Cr24Fe24Ni24Mo4 HEA, measured in the resent paper on the triple dislocation nodes, is equal to 0.027 J/m2. It is shown that initial yield behavior along studied orientations is governed by dislocation slip and the CRSS for slip are independent of crystal orientation. Under tensile strain, twinning develops in the [111]- and [144]- oriented crystals only at 77 K and is not detected in the [001]-oriented crystals. Two types of twins are found in the [111]- and [144]-oriented crystals (thin nanotwins and macrotwins). Nanotwins develop after a low slip deformation of 5–10% and are observed only by transmission electron microscopy. Macrotwins are detected after a significant slip deformation of 20 and 60% and are determined metallographically and X-ray by the precession of the crystal axis, respectively, in the [111]- and [144]-oriented crystals. In the [111]- oriented crystals, there is no precession of the crystal axis due to the development of slip simultaneously in several systems. It is shown that CRSS for nano- and macrotwins are dependent on the crystal orientation. In the [144]-oriented crystals, τtw cr = 212 MPa for nanotwinning and τtw cr = 400 MPa for macrotwinning. In the [111]-oriented crystals, τtw cr = 250 MPa for nanotwinning and τtw cr = 335 MPa for macrotwinning. For the transition to deformation by macrotwinning, it is necessary that the effective stacking fault energy γef is approaching to zero and the condition τtwcr <τslcr is satisfied. Deformation by macrotwinning suppresses slip multiplicity and shifts the formation of the neck formation according to the Consid`ere condition to higher stress levels. This increases plasticity from 72% at 296 K to 108% at 77 K in [144]-oriented crystals and from 48% at 296 K to 57% at 77 K in [111]-oriented crystals