Global cardiometabolic risk profile in patients with hypertension: Results from the Turkish arm of the pan-European GOOD survey

PubMed ID: 21200100Objectives: We evaluated the results of the Turkish arm of the GOOD survey which investigated the cardiometabolic risk profile and the control of blood pressure (BP) of adult hypertensive outpatients in 12 countries across Europe. Study design: A total of 218 hypertensive patients (139 females, 79 males; mean age 57.2±10.9 years) from Turkey were included in this pan-European survey. Blood pressure control (defined as BP <140/90 mmHg for nondiabetics and <130/80 mmHg for diabetics) and cardiometabolic risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and atherogenic dyslipidemia were evaluated in accordance with the 2003 ESH/ESC guidelines on management of hypertension. Results: Control of BP was achieved in only 21.6% of the patients diagnosed with hypertension for a mean duration of 7.7±5.4 years. The mean systolic and diastolic BPs were 144±21 mmHg and 88±14 mmHg, respectively. The most frequent concomitant disease was type 2 diabetes mellitus (66 patients, 30.3%). Patients with diabetes had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared to nondiabetics (78.8% vs. 48%, p<0.01). The absence of BP control was more pronounced among diabetics than in nondiabetics for systolic (77.3% vs. 63.8%) and diastolic (84.9% vs. 57.2%) pressures. Nearly half of the hypertensive patients had atherogenic dyslipidemia, but only 35.8% of them were treated with lipid lowering drugs. Conclusion: Despite appropriate treatment, poor BP control in Turkish hypertensive patients was associated with metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and undertreatment of atherogenic dyslipidemia. Therefore, more effective measures must be taken in the management of cardiovascular risk factors to improve BP control

Global cardiometabolic risk profile in patients with hypertension: Results from the Turkish arm of the pan-European GOOD survey

Objectives: We evaluated the results of the Turkish arm of the GOOD survey which investigated the cardiometabolic risk profile and the control of blood pressure (BP) of adult hypertensive outpatients in 12 countries across Europe. Study design: A total of 218 hypertensive patients (139 females, 79 males; mean age 57.2±10.9 years) from Turkey were included in this pan-European survey. Blood pressure control (defined as BP <140/90 mmHg for nondiabetics and <130/80 mmHg for diabetics) and cardiometabolic risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and atherogenic dyslipidemia were evaluated in accordance with the 2003 ESH/ESC guidelines on management of hypertension. Results: Control of BP was achieved in only 21.6% of the patients diagnosed with hypertension for a mean duration of 7.7±5.4 years. The mean systolic and diastolic BPs were 144±21 mmHg and 88±14 mmHg, respectively. The most frequent concomitant disease was type 2 diabetes mellitus (66 patients, 30.3%). Patients with diabetes had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome compared to nondiabetics (78.8% vs. 48%, p<0.01). The absence of BP control was more pronounced among diabetics than in nondiabetics for systolic (77.3% vs. 63.8%) and diastolic (84.9% vs. 57.2%) pressures. Nearly half of the hypertensive patients had atherogenic dyslipidemia, but only 35.8% of them were treated with lipid lowering drugs. Conclusion: Despite appropriate treatment, poor BP control in Turkish hypertensive patients was associated with metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and undertreatment of atherogenic dyslipidemia. Therefore, more effective measures must be taken in the management of cardiovascular risk factors to improve BP control

Immunohistochemical investigation of cerebellum in dogs infected with canine distemper virus

The cerebella of 21 dogs with canine distemper virus (CDV) infection and four normal dogs were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Cerebella of CDV-infected dogs showed nonsuppurative demyelinating encephalomyelitis, classified as acute, subacute or chronic. Immunolocalisation of CDV antigen also confirmed the infection. Tissues were examined for co-localisation of the CDV antigen with either an astrocyte-specific marker, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), or an oligodendrocyte-specific marker, galactocerebroside (GalC). Immunoreactive cells were counted in demyelinating areas of the white matter. The number of astrocytes (GFAP positive) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in CDV-infected dogs compared to controls. In contrast, the number of oligodendrocytes (GalC positive) was significantly (p < 0.001) lower in CDV-infected dogs and was much lower in chronic cases (p < 0.05). Approximately 41% of astrocytes and 17% of oligodendrocytes were immunoreactive for CDV. The ratio of CDV-infected oligodendrocytes and astrocytes remained almost constant during the progression of the disease (P ≯ 0.05). In conclusion, CDV infects both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The gradual loss of oligodendrocytes is most likely responsible for the progressive demyelination in CDV infection. Astrocytosis in CDV infection should be further investigated if it occurs to stimulate oligodendrocytes for myelin production to compensate for the loss or to induce oligodendrocyte degeneration

Mid-term results of peripheric cannulation after port-access surgery

PubMed ID: 17846077Several minimally invasive approaches, avoiding median sternotomy, have been described within the last few years for cardiac surgery. Femoral arterial and venous cannulation for extracorporeal perfusion are required for many of these operations. The aim of this report is to assess the long-term outcomes of femoral cannulations in patients who underwent minimally invasive procedures. One hundred and sixty patients underwent operations by the port-access method between January 2002 and October 2006. Cardiopulmonary bypass was established by femoral artery-vein cannulation, and a transthoracic clamp was used for the aortic occlusion. One hundred and twenty-one patients were under follow-up in the outpatient clinic and 85 patients underwent Doppler ultrasonography (US) for femoral arterial and venous stenosis. The mean follow-up was 27.9 months (range 1-57 months). There were three hospital mortalities (1.86%), and five late mortalities in this series. The mean follow-up for the Doppler examination was 20.54 months (range 1-56 months). There were two seromas and three wound complications (2.48%), all of which healed after outpatient treatment. All of the flow patterns of the common femoral arteries (CFA) were triphasic except in three of the patients. Three patients (2.48%) were found to have arterial stenosis. One patient with intermittant claudication underwent percutaneous dilatation and stenting of the CFA. Doppler US detected luminal narrowing in two patients who had been having no symptoms, and they are being followed in the outpatient clinic without any complaints. We found a chronic recanalized thrombotic change in the common femoral vein (CFV) in one patient (0.63%). Our study demonstrates vessel patency and/or stenosis in patients without complaints. In conclusion, femoral artery and vein cannulation for port-access surgery with transthoracic clamping can be performed successfully with excellent results in the mid-term. © 2007 Published by European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved

Reliability And Validity Of Trunk Control Measurement Scale In Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

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General Movements Assessment In Infants With Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Pilot Study

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Genetic heterogeneity in ten families with myoclonus-dystonia

Methods: The authors clinically and genetically characterised ten consecutive cases with myoclonus-dystonia; seven familial and three sporadic. Twenty nine M-D patients and 40 unaffected family members underwent a standardised clinical examination by a movement disorder specialist. Index cases were screened for mutations in the SGCE, DYT1, and DRD2 genes and for deletions of the SGCE gene. Suitable mutation negative families were tested for linkage to the SGCE region and to chromosome 18p11. Results: Two SGCE mutations were detected among the seven familial but no mutation in the sporadic cases. Haplotype analysis at the new M-D locus was compatible with linkage in two families and excluded in another family, suggesting at least one additional M-D gene. There were no obvious clinical differences between M-D families with and without detected mutations. Conclusion: M-D is genetically heterogeneous with SGCE mutations accounting for the disease in only part of the clinically typical cases