923 research outputs found
Incident-energy dependence of the effective temperature in heavy-ion collisions
We study the behaviour of the effective temperature for K+ in several energy domains. For this purpose, we apply the recently developed SPheRIO code for hydrodynamics in 3+1 dimensions, using both Landau-type compact initial conditions and spatially more spread ones. We show that initial conditions given in small volume, like Landau-type ones, are unable to reproduce the effective temperature together with other data (multiplicities and rapidity distributions). These quantities can be reproduced altogether only when using a large initial volume with an appropriate velocity distribution
Shock propagation and stability in causal dissipative hydrodynamics
We studied the shock propagation and its stability with the causal
dissipative hydrodynamics in 1+1 dimensional systems. We show that the presence
of the usual viscosity is not enough to stabilize the solution. This problem is
solved by introducing an additional viscosity which is related to the
coarse-graining scale of the theory.Comment: 14 pages, 16 figure
Effect of bulk viscosity on Elliptic Flow near QCD phase transition
Effects of the bulk viscosity on the elliptic flow are studied. To introduce
a realistic equation of state and transport coefficients, we apply the results
of the lattice QCD and hadron resonance gas calculations for these quantities.
We found that the bulk viscosity acts in a non trivial manner on the elliptic
flow . The reduction of is more effective at low
compared to the case of shear viscosity, whereas at high , the situation
is reversed, leading to enhancement. We argue that this is caused by
the competition of the critical behaviors of the equation of state and the
transport coefficients. We further found that Grad's method with the 14 moments
approximation is not applicable to estimate the viscous effects for the
one-particle distribution function at the freeze out.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figure
Morbi-MortalitĂ© des Contusions Abdominales : La Face Visible de Lâiceberg
Objectif : rapporter la morbimortalitĂ© des contusions abdominales (CA) Ă lâhĂŽpital national de Niamey. Patients et mĂ©thode : il sâagissait dâune Ă©tude rĂ©trospective, descriptive et analytique sur 4 ans incluant les patients pris en charge pour CA Ă lâhĂŽpital national de Niamey. Les variables Ă©tudiĂ©es Ă©taient le sexe, lâĂąge, le mode de traitement, les lĂ©sions abdominales, les lĂ©sions associĂ©es, la morbiditĂ© et la mortalitĂ©. RĂ©sultats : lâĂ©tude incluait 137 patients, soit 1,6% des urgences abdominales. Il sâagissait de 116 hommes et de 27 femmes avec un sex ratio de 5,52. LâĂąge moyen des patients Ă©tait de 22,09 ±12,3 ans. Le dĂ©lai moyen dâadmission Ă©tait de 18,4 ±26,3 heures. Les accidents de la voie publique reprĂ©sentaient 49,64% des circonstances de survenue du traumatisme. La CA Ă©tait isolĂ©e chez 75,2% des patients et associĂ©e Ă une lĂ©sion extra-abdominale chez 24,8% des patients. Cette association lĂ©sionnelle rĂ©alisait un polytraumatisme chez 18,9% des patients. Les lĂ©sions abdominales Ă©taient dominĂ©es par les lĂ©sions splĂ©niques survenues chez 38,6% des patients, suivies par les lĂ©sions de lâintestin grĂȘle chez 12,4% des patients. Une complication Ă©tait survenue chez 10,9% des patients et 6,5% des patients Ă©taient dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©s Ă lâhĂŽpital. La survenue de complications Ă©tait influencĂ©e par le dĂ©lai dâadmission et la survenue dâune pĂ©ritonite (p=0,002). LâhĂ©morragie Ă©tait la principale cause de dĂ©cĂšs. Conclusion : les CA constituent un traumatisme de lâadulte jeune de sexe masculin. La morbimortalitĂ© des CA nâest peut ĂȘtre que ââla face visible de lâicebergââ. Objective : to report the morbidity and the mortality of the blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) at the national hospital of Niamey. Patients and method: it was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study over 4 years including patients managed for BAT at the national hospital of Niamey. The variables analyzed were the age, sex, treatment, abdominal organs injury, associated injury, morbidity and mortality. Results: the study included 137 patients, whether 1.6% of abdominal emergencies. They were 116 men and 27 women, with a sex ratio of 5.52. The average age was 22.09[±12.3] years old. The average intake time was 18.43[±26.3] hours. Car crashes accounted for 49.64% of the circumstances of the trauma. The BAT was isolated in 75.2% of patients and associated to a (34) extra-abdominal trauma in 24.8% of patients. This lesional association achieved polytrauma in 18.9% of patients. The most abdominal organ injured was spleen in 38.6% of patients followed by small intestine in 12.4% of patients. The morbidity rate was 10.9% and the intrahospital mortality rate was 6.5%. The occurrence of morbidity was influenced by the intake time and the occurrence of peritonitis (p=0.002). Hemorrhage was the leading cause of death. Conclusion: BAT are most frequent in young male adults at national hospital of Niamey. The morbimortality of BAT is perhaps ââthe visible face of the icebergââ
Fluctuations in Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions
We investigate several fluctuation effects in high-energy hadronic and
nuclear collisions through the analysis of different observables. To introduce
fluctuations in the initial stage of collisions, we use the Interacting Gluon
Model (IGM) modified by the inclusion of the impact parameter. The inelasticity
and leading-particle distributions follow directly from this model. The
fluctuation effects on rapidity distributions are then studied by using
Landau's Hydrodynamic Model in one dimension. To investigate further the
effects of the multiplicity fluctuation, we use the Longitudinal Phase-Space
Model, with the multiplicity distribution calculated within the hydrodynamic
model, and the initial conditions given by the IGM. Forward-backward
correlation is obtained in this way.Comment: 22 pages, RevTex, 8 figures (included); Invited paper to the special
issue of Foundation of Physics dedicated to Mikio Namiki's 70th. birthda
Isotropic, Nematic and Smectic A Phase Behaviour in a Fictitious Field
Phase behaviours of liquid crystals under external fields, conjugate to the
nematic order and smectic order, are studied within the framework of mean field
approximation developed by McMillan. It is found that phase diagrams, of
temperature vs interaction parameter of smectic A order, show several
topologically different types caused by the external fields. The influences of
the field conjugate to the smectic A phase, which is fictitious field, are
precisely discussed.Comment: To be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. vol.73 No.
Influence of Homeotropic Anchoring Walls upon Nematic and Smectic Phases
McMillan liquid crystal model sandwiched between strong homeotropic anchoring
walls is studied. Phase transitions between isotropic, nematic, and smectic A
phases are investigated for wide ranges of an interaction parameter and of the
system thickness. It is confirmed that the anchoring walls induce an increase
in transition temperatures, dissappearance of phase transitions, and an
appearance of non-spontaneous nematic phase. The similarity between influence
of anchoring walls and that of external fields is discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Prise En Charge Des Plaies PĂ©nĂ©trantes De Lâabdomen Ă LâhĂŽpital National De Niamey
Objectif : rapporter les rĂ©sultats de la prise en charge des plaies pĂ©nĂ©trantes de lâabdomen Ă lâhĂŽpital national de Niamey au Niger. Patients et mĂ©thodes : il sâagissait dâune Ă©tude rĂ©trospective et descriptive sur une pĂ©riode de 2 ans. LâĂ©tude a concernĂ© tous les patients de tout Ăąge pris en charge Ă lâhĂŽpital national de Niamey pour plaie pĂ©nĂ©trantes de lâabdomen. RĂ©sultats : lâĂ©tude incluait 51 patients, soit 0,88% des traumatismes. Il sâagissait de 6 femmes et 45 hommes, soit un sex ratio de 7,5. LâĂąge moyen des patients Ă©tait de 28 ans [±10,2]. Le dĂ©lai moyen dâadmission Ă©tait de 4,86 heures [±2,08]. Dans 84,32% des cas les patients Ă©taient transportĂ©s Ă lâhĂŽpital dans un vĂ©hicule non mĂ©dicalisĂ©. Les agressions reprĂ©sentaient 78,44% des circonstances de survenue et la plaie abdominale sâintĂ©grait dans un contexte de polytraumatisme chez 21,53% des patients. Une Ă©viscĂ©ration Ă©tait prĂ©sente chez 31,37% des patients. Le traitement Ă©tait opĂ©ratoire chez 90,19% des patients avec 19,56% de laparotomie non thĂ©rapeutique. Lâorgane le plus lĂ©sĂ© Ă©tait lâintestin grĂȘle dans 31,37% des cas suivi du colon dans 23,52% des cas. La morbiditĂ© globale Ă©tait de 33,37% dominĂ©e par les hĂ©morragies postopĂ©ratoires dans 8,69% des cas. La mortalitĂ© Ă©tait de 13,73% avec 50,14% de dĂ©cĂšs en postopĂ©ratoire immĂ©diat par hĂ©morragie secondaire ; 28,58% de dĂ©cĂšs par retard de lâhĂ©mostase chirurgicale et 14,28% de dĂ©cĂšs par dĂ©faut de compensation des pertes sanguines en urgence.Conclusion : les plaies de lâabdomen sont frĂ©quentes chez lâadulte jeune de sexe masculin. Elles sont souvent dues Ă une agression par armes blanches avec un taux Ă©levĂ© de dĂ©cĂšs.
Objective: to report the results of the management of the penetrating abdominal wounds at the national hospital of Niamey. Patients and method: it was a retrospective and descriptive study over 2 years. The study included the patients of all ages managed for penetrating abdominal wounds at national hospital of Niamey in Niger. Results: the study includes 51 patients whether 0.88 % of trauma. They were 45 men and 6 women, with a sex ratio of 7.5. The average age was 28 [±10.2] years old. The average intake time was 4.86 [2.08] hours. In 84. 32% of cases, patients were transported to the hospital in non-medical vehicle. The assault accounted for 78.44% of the circumstances of the occurrence and the penetrating abdominal wound was integrated into a polytrauma in 21.53% of cases. An evisceration was present in 31.37 % of cases. The management was operative in 90.19% of cases with 19.56% of non-therapeutic laparotomy. The most injured organ was the small intestine in 31.37% of cases followed by the colon in 23.52% of cases. The overall morbidity was 33.37%, dominated by postoperative hemorrhages in 8.69% of cases. The mortality was 13.73% with 50.14% of immediate deaths by secondary hemorrhage, 28.58% of deaths by delay of the surgical hemostasis and 14.28% of deaths by a failure of compensation of the blood losses in emergency room. Conclusion: the penetrating abdominal wounds are common in young adult males. They are often due to a stabbing assault with a high death rate
PCV22 OUTCOMES ANALYSIS OF PROFILACTICAL HEALTH CARE PROGRAMS, BASED ON âHEART VESSEL PROPHYLACTIC PROGRAMâ FOR 40 AND 50 YEAR OLD RESIDENTS OF WROCLAW CITY
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