649 research outputs found
Efficient estimation of AUC in a sliding window
In many applications, monitoring area under the ROC curve (AUC) in a sliding
window over a data stream is a natural way of detecting changes in the system.
The drawback is that computing AUC in a sliding window is expensive, especially
if the window size is large and the data flow is significant.
In this paper we propose a scheme for maintaining an approximate AUC in a
sliding window of length . More specifically, we propose an algorithm that,
given , estimates AUC within , and can maintain this
estimate in time, per update, as the window slides.
This provides a speed-up over the exact computation of AUC, which requires
time, per update. The speed-up becomes more significant as the size of
the window increases. Our estimate is based on grouping the data points
together, and using these groups to calculate AUC. The grouping is designed
carefully such that () the groups are small enough, so that the error stays
small, () the number of groups is small, so that enumerating them is not
expensive, and () the definition is flexible enough so that we can
maintain the groups efficiently.
Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that the average approximation error
in practice is much smaller than the approximation guarantee ,
and that we can achieve significant speed-ups with only a modest sacrifice in
accuracy
Z-graded differential geometry of quantum plane
In this work, the Z-graded differential geometry of the quantum plane is
constructed. The corresponding quantum Lie algebra and its Hopf algebra
structure are obtained. The dual algebra, i.e. universal enveloping algebra of
the quantum plane is explicitly constructed and an isomorphism between the
quantum Lie algebra and the dual algebra is given.Comment: 17 page
Controls on Dissolved Silicon Isotopes along the US GEOTRACES Eastern Pacific Zonal Transect (GP16)
The distribution of dissolved silicon isotopes (δ30Si) was examined along the US GEOTRACES East Pacific Zonal Transect (GP16) extending from Peru to Tahiti (10°S and 15°S latitude).
Surface waters in the subtropical gyre displayed high δ30Si due to strong utilization of silicic acid (DSi). In contrast, surface waters close to the Peruvian coast where upwelling prevailed were less depleted and only moderately fractionated. δ30Si of water masses along the transect were compared with the results of an Optimum Multiparameter Analysis that quantified the fractional contributions of endmember water masses in each sample. Strong admixture of intermediate waters obscured the expected heavy isotopic signatures of Subantarctic Mode Water and Antarctic Intermediate Water. Isotope values were nearly homogenous below 2000 m (Average: +1.3 ± 0.1 ‰, 1 s.d.) despite the 25 μmol kg‐1 range in the DSi content among water masses. This homogeneity confirms prior observations and model results that predict nearly constant δ30Si values of +1.0 to +1.2 ‰ for Pacific deep waters with [DSi] > 100 μmol kg‐1.
Waters above the East Pacific Rise (EPR) influenced by hydrothermal activity showed a small increase in [DSi] together with dissolved iron, but overall stations close to the EPR were slightly depleted in [DSi] (3 to 6 μmol kg‐1) with no significant shift in δ30Si compared to adjacent waters. Hydrothermal [DSi] appears to precipitate within the conduit of the EPR or upon contact with cold seawater resulting in a negligible influence of hydrothermal fluids on δ30Si in deep water.
Key Points
Surface waters have a large range in dissolved silicon isotopes covering nutrient‐rich coastal upwelling to oligotrophic waters
Deep water masses with DSi concentrations > 100 μmol kg‐1 show homogenous silicon isotope signatures despite up to 25 μmol kg‐1 differences in [DSi]
Hydrothermal fluids have a negligible effect on Si isotope distributions in the deep Pacifi
Iron, silicate, and light co-limitation of three Southern Ocean diatom species
The effect of combined iron, silicate, and light co-limitation was investigated in the three diatom species Actinocyclus sp. Ehrenberg, Chaetoceros dichaeta Ehrenberg, and Chaetoceros debilis Cleve, isolated from the Southern Ocean (SO). Growth of all species was co-limited by iron and silicate, reflected in a significant increase in the number of cell divisions compared to the control. Lowest relative Si uptake and drastic frustule malformation was found under iron and silicate co-limitation in C. dichaeta, while Si limitation in general caused cell elongation in both Chaetoceros species. Higher light intensities similar to SO surface conditions showed a negative impact on growth of C. dichaeta and Actinocyclus sp. and no effect on C. debilis. This is in contrast to the assumed light limitation of SO diatoms due to deep wind driven mixing. Our results suggest that growth and species composition of Southern Ocean diatoms is influenced by a sensitive interaction of the abiotic factors, iron, silicate, and light
Eficiência agronômica do tratamento de sementes com fungicidas, inseticidas, micronutrientes, bioestimuladores, inoculantes e polímeros.
O tratamento de sementes com fungicidas, inseticidas, aplicação de micronutrientes, bioestimulantes e a inoculação com o Bradirhyzobium japonicum, juntamente com a utilização de sementes de qualidade, vem se tornando práticas indispensáveis para a produção de sementes de soja de qualidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência do tratamento de semente de soja com fungicidas, inseticidas, bioestimuladores, micronutrientes e polímeros, na emergência, população final, altura de plantas e rendimento da soja. Os experimentos foram instalados em dois locais, em solo já cultivado com soja, na fazenda experimental da Embrapa Soja e no Distrito Patrimônio Irerê, em Londrina-PR. Sementes da cultivar BRS 246 RR com vigor de 84% e viabilidade 94% (tetrazólio) e germinação (rolo de papel) 95 % foram tratadas com os seguintes produtos: Broadacre CMZ (fertilizante mineral misto em suspensão para uso no solo, contendo: Cu 23,6%, Mo 5,9%, Zn 47,2%); Booster ZnMo (extrato de algas enriquecido com 2,3% Mo e 3,5% Zn); Kelpak (extrato de algas) em combinação com os fungicidas Maxim XL (fludioxonil + metalaxyl) e Derosal Plus (carbendazin + thiram); inseticidas Cruiser 350 FS (tiametoxan) e Standak Top (piraclostrobina + tiofanato metílico + fipronil); Polímero Disco Ag Red e inoculante Cell Tech HC. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e a análise da variância foi efetuada pelo programa SASM, sendo as médias separadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. Os resultados demonstraram que adição de Broadacre CMZ aumenta o rendimento da soja. Porém são necessários mais estudos em diferentes locais e safras para confirmar esses resultados. Dentre os fungicidas testados, fluodioxonil (2,5g) + metalaxyl (1,0g) foi o menos eficiente
Coadditive differential complexes on quantum groups and quantum spaces
A regular way to define an additive coproduct (or ``coaddition'') on the
q-deformed differential complexes is proposed for quantum groups and quantum
spaces related to the Hecke-type R-matrices. Several examples of braided
coadditive differential bialgebras (Hopf algebras) are presented.Comment: 9 page
Efeito do tratamento de sementes de soja com micronutrientes e bioestimulantes sobre o desenvolvimento de plântulas.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar os efeitos do tratamento de sementes de soja com micronutrientes (MN) e bioestimulantes (BE), sobre o desenvolvimento das plântulas. Os produtos com MN avaliados foram Broadacre CMZ, Broadacre Mn, Broadacre ZnCu e Maxi Zinc. Os BEs foram Kelpak e Booster. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos, um com a dose de 2,5 mL.kg-1 para cada produto e o outro com dose dobrada (5,0 mL.kg-1). Sementes da cultivar BRS 246RR foram utilizadas e submetidas aos testes de germinação, emergência de plântulas em areia, comprimento de plântula, de hipocótilo e de raiz, massa seca de plântula, de raiz e de parte aérea. Com relação aos testes de germinação e de comprimento de plântula, de hipocótilo e de raiz, os produtos Booster e Kelpak apresentaram baixa fitotoxicidade, caracterizada por encurtamento das plântulas, principalmente no sistema radicular. Em algumas situações, o Broadacre CMZ mostrou pouca fitotoxicidade. O Broadacre Mn propiciou melhor desenvolvimento das plântulas nesses testes. Efeitos positivos foram constatados também para o Broadacre CMZ e para o Maxi Zinc nas doses maiores. Nos testes de massa seca de plântula, raiz e parte aérea, foi verificado baixo efeito fitotóxico causado pelo Booster na dose maior. Entretanto, as fitotoxicidades aqui relatadas são consideradas aceitáveis e não se caracterizam num problema. Novamente, o Broadacre CMZ destacou-se pelo seu melhor desempenho quanto ao desenvolvimento das plântulas. De maneira geral, observou-se que os tratamentos com Broadacre CMZ, Mn e ZnCu e o Maxi Zinc propiciaram melhor desenvolvimento de plântulas, com maior massa seca em relação à testemunha
Maps between Deformed and Ordinary Gauge Fields
In this paper, we introduce a map between the q-deformed gauge fields defined
on the GL-covariant quantum hyperplane and the ordinary gauge fields.
Perturbative analysis of the q-deformed QED at the classical level is presented
and gauge fixing la BRST is discussed. An other star product
defined on the hybrid % -plane is explicitly constructed .Comment: 10 page
Dynamics of Transformation from Segregation to Mixed Wealth Cities
We model the dynamics of the Schelling model for agents described simply by a
continuously distributed variable - wealth. Agents move to neighborhoods where
their wealth is not lesser than that of some proportion of their neighbors, the
threshold level. As in the case of the classic Schelling model where
segregation obtains between two races, we find here that wealth-based
segregation occurs and persists. However, introducing uncertainty into the
decision to move - that is, with some probability, if agents are allowed to
move even though the threshold level condition is contravened - we find that
even for small proportions of such disallowed moves, the dynamics no longer
yield segregation but instead sharply transition into a persistent mixed wealth
distribution. We investigate the nature of this sharp transformation between
segregated and mixed states, and find that it is because of a non-linear
relationship between allowed moves and disallowed moves. For small increases in
disallowed moves, there is a rapid corresponding increase in allowed moves, but
this tapers off as the fraction of disallowed moves increase further and
finally settles at a stable value, remaining invariant to any further increase
in disallowed moves. It is the overall effect of the dynamics in the initial
region (with small numbers of disallowed moves) that shifts the system away
from a state of segregation rapidly to a mixed wealth state.
The contravention of the tolerance condition could be interpreted as public
policy interventions like minimal levels of social housing or housing benefit
transfers to poorer households. Our finding therefore suggests that it might
require only very limited levels of such public intervention - just sufficient
to enable a small fraction of disallowed moves, because the dynamics generated
by such moves could spur the transformation from a segregated to mixed
equilibrium.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure
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