Power densities for two-step gamma-ray transitions from isomeric states

We have calculated the incident photon power density P_2 for which the two-step induced emission rate from an isomeric nucleus becomes equal to the natural isomeric decay rate. We have analyzed two-step transitions for isomeric nuclei with a half-life greater than 10 min, for which there is an intermediate state of known energy, spin and half-life, for which the intermediate state is connected by a known gamma-ray transition to the isomeric state and to at least another intermediate state, and for which the relative intensities of the transitions to lower states are known. For the isomeric nucleus 166m-Ho, which has a 1200 y isomeric state at 5.98 keV, we have found a value of P_2=6.3 x 10^7 W cm^{-2}, the intermediate state being the 263.8 keV level. We have found power densities P_2 of the order of 10^{10} W cm^{-2} for several other isomeric nuclei.Comment: 9 pages, 1 eps figure, 1 tabl

Analysis of complete positivity conditions for quantum qutrit channels

We present an analysis of complete positivity (CP) constraints on qutrit quantum channels that have a form of affine transformations of generalized Bloch vector. For diagonal (damping) channels we derive conditions analogous to the ones that in qubit case produce tetrahedron structure in the channel parameter space.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures (.eps), minor changes in the text and formula

Studi Deskriptif Mengenai Minat Mahasiswa Program Manajemen Perhotelan Universitas Kristen Petra Untuk Bekerja Di Hospitality Industry

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mendorong minat mahasiswa Program Manajemen Perhotelan Universitas Kristen Petra untuk bekerja di Hospitality Industry. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi deskriptif dengan teknik analisis frekuensi, uji validitas dan uji reliabilitas serta tabulasi silang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat empat faktor yang mendorong minat mahasiswa Program Manajemen Perhotelan Universitas Kristen Petra untuk bekerja di hospitality industry yaitu faktor sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan yang tergolong sedang serta faktor pendidikan yang tergolong tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ilmu dan skill yang didapat selama menempuh studi sangat mendorong minat untuk bekerja di hospitality industry

The ventricular assist device: a bridge to ventricular recovery, a bridge to heart transplantation or destination therapy?

Despite advances in pharmacological treatments aimed at a neurohormonal blockade for heart failure, there is still a growing number of patients with advanced symptoms who suffer significant morbidity and mortality. At present the most effective cure for end-stage congestive heart failure is cardiac transplantation. This method is severely limited owing to a lack of available organs. This is why ventricular assist devices (VADs) capable of completely supporting the circulation are taking on an increasingly important role in heart failure therapy. VADs are important bridges to cardiac transplantation. The Randomised Evaluation of Mechanical Assistance for the Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure (REMATCH) trial revealed that they could be used as long-term destination therapy for non-transplant candidates. The latest studies show that VAD support may also function as a bridge to ventricular recovery and enable this procedure to take place. Apart from foreign devices, there is the Polish system (PCAS), which is being prepared for introduction into global practice. (Cardiol J 2007; 14: 14–23

HARGA DIRI DAN KOHESIVITAS KELOMPOK TERHADAP SOCIAL LOAFING PADA MAHASISWA FBB UNTAG 1945 SEMARANG

Social loafing is an intriguing problem, especially among students, because group members frequently rely on one another without providing appropriate contributions. This study aims to examine the relationship between Self-Esteem and Group Cohesiveness on Social Loafing among students at the Faculty of Language and Culture at Seventeen August University, Semarang. Quantitative correlation is utilized to collect and analyze data on 188 students. The variable Self-Esteem (X1) has a t-value of -2,317 and a significance level of 0.019, so the null hypothesis (H1) is accepted. Thus, Self-Esteem (X1) has a negative relationship with Social Loafing (Y). In the meantime, the Group Cohesiveness (X2) variable has a t value of -3,562 and a significance level of 0.000, so H2 is also accepted. This demonstrates that Group Cohesiveness (X2) has a negative and statistically significant relationship with Social Loafing (Y). They simultaneously have an  F value of 11.243 and a significance value of 0.000. This indicates that H3 is accepted, which means that Self-Esteem (X1) and Group Cohesion (X2) simultaneously influence Social Loafing (Y)

One-carbon metabolism and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The crosstalk between nutrients, microbiota, and genetics

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide. Its etiology includes nutritional, genetic, and lifestyle factors. Several mechanisms may link onecarbon metabolism – the associated metabolic pathways of folate, methionine, and choline – to the onset of NAFLD. In this review, we attempted to assess how choline, folate, methionine, and betaine affect NAFLD development, mainly through their role in the secretion of very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) from the liver. We also reviewed recent articles that have described the relation between microbiota metabolism and NAFLD progression. Moreover, we describe the effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes related to one-carbon metabolism and disease prevalence. We additionally seek SNP identified by genome-wide associations that may increase the risk of this disease. Even though the evidence available is not entirely consistent, it seems that the concentrations of choline, methionine, folate, and betaine may affect the progression of NAFLD. Since there is no effective therapy for NAFLD, further investigations into the link between nutrition, gut microbiota, genetic factors, and NAFLD are still necessary, with a particular emphasis on methyl donors

Políticas de reconocimiento de los aborígenes de Taiwán

Los aborígenes de Taiwán representan solamente un 2% de la población de la isla. Durante el periodo de la historia moderna y contemporánea sufrieron discriminación política bajo los cambiantes regímenes políticos de la isla, lo cual solo empezó a cambiar recientemente con su reconocimiento oficial como minoría. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los cambios en la política desde el principio de la democracia en Taiwán y el reconocimiento de los aborígenes que ha cambiado su vida y cómo es su situación actualEls aborígens de Taiwán formen només un 2% de la població de l'illa. Durant el període de la historia moderna i contemporània van patir discriminació política sota els canviants règims polítics de l'illa, la qual cosa només va començar a canviar fa poc amb el reconeixement oficial de la minoria. L'objectiu d'aquest treball és analitzar com els canvis en la política des del principi de la democràcia a Taiwán i el reconeixement van canviar la vida dels aborígens i com és la seva situació actualTaiwanese aborigines make up only 2% of the island's population. During the periods of modern and contemporary history they suffered from political discrimination under the island's changing political regimens, which only started to change recently with the official recognition of the minority. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the changes in politics since the beginning of the democracy in Taiwan and official recognition changed the life of aborigines, and what is their current situatio

Mg2+-Dependent Methyl Transfer by a Knotted Protein: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Quantum Mechanics Study

Mg2+ is required for the catalytic activity of TrmD, a bacteria-specific methyltransferase that is made up of a protein topological knot-fold, to synthesize methylated m1G37-tRNA to support life. However, neither the location of Mg2+ in the structure of TrmD nor its role in the catalytic mechanism is known. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we identify a plausible Mg2+ binding pocket within the active site of the enzyme, wherein the ion is coordinated by two aspartates and a glutamate. In this position, Mg2+ additionally interacts with the carboxylate of a methyl donor cofactor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). The computational results are validated by experimental mutation studies, which demonstrate the importance of the Mg2+-binding residues for the catalytic activity. The presence of Mg2+ in the binding pocket induces SAM to adopt a unique bent shape required for the methyl transfer activity and causes a structural reorganization of the active site. Quantum mechanical calculations show that the methyl transfer is energetically feasible only when Mg2+ is bound in the position revealed by the MD simulations, demonstrating that its function is to align the active site residues within the topological knot-fold in a geometry optimal for catalysis. The obtained insights provide the opportunity for developing a strategy of antibacterial drug discovery based on targeting of Mg2+-binding to TrmD