A Computer Controlled Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope Equipped with an Energy Analyzer for Special Investigations on Electron Diffraction- and Channeling Patterns

A scanning electron microscope was equipped with a double tilting stage, driven by stepping motors, to investigate electron channeling patterns (ECPs) and large angle convergent beam patterns (LACBPs) of single crystals. Transmitted electrons may be energy-selected by a magnetic sector-field energy analyzer. The recording of experimental data and the experimental arrangement are controlled by a microprocessor system, including a picture storage unit of 512 x 512 pixels of 16 bit. Recorded patterns can be stored on 1 Megabyte floppies. A set of useful programs allows one to perform calculations with stored patter ns, e.g., contrast enhancement or -inversion, noise reduction, difference or quotient of two patterns etc. The possibility of background subtraction (e.g., in patterns recorded with characteristic energy loss electrons) allows one to get true K-loss convergent beam patterns. Other recording modes allow one to get two CBPs simultaneously recorded with electrons of different energy losses, to measure angle dependences of energy selected electrons, or to take electron energy loss spectra. A special processor program generates a theoretically calculated CBP or ECP on the TV screen and prints out a list of all band edges up to a chosen limit of Miller indices (hkl). The program requires the coordinates of two known poles and some crystallographic properties of the investigated material. Thus complete indexing of recorded diffraction patterns is easily possible. The system has been applied, e.g., to investigate localization effects of electron Bloch-waves in graphite

The COMPLEX reference framework for HW/SW co-design and power management supporting platform-based design-space exploration

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Energieselektierte Elektronenbeugungsexperimente mittels der Kristalkipp-Methode im Rastermikroskop zur Untersuchung von Lokalisationseffekten an Einkristallen

SIGLECopy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Distribution of European yew (Taxus baccata L.) in the "Cisy nad Liswartą" reserve

The study analyses the spatial distribution of European yew and its co−occurrence with other trees or different individuals of the species. The study was conducted in the ‘Cisy nad Liswartą' nature reserve (50°46'27.12"N, 18°47'11.86"E). Data was collected in the whole reserve as well as on three 40×40 m study plots. The selected plots varied in terms of yew density, stand species composition and soil humidity. Study plots were divided into 16 squares (10×10 m). Ripley's K functions were used to examine spatial patterns of yew and other tree species populations. The distribution of all trees was random in the reserve. However, distribution of yew population was clumped. Yew preferred sites close to the creeks. Significant clustering of yew trees at distances up to 60−180 m was found. Distribution of yew on plot II was random, while clumped on plots I and III. The co−occurrence of yew and other tree species was random on plot I. Nevertheless, the positive correlation was found for yew and other tree species at the scale of 13−19 m and negative correlation at the distance 0−4 m. Co−occurrence of yew and other tree species was random on plot III as well. Negative correlation was found for thin yew and spruce at the distance of 8 m on plot I. Positive correlations were noticed for yew and other tree species, yew and sycamore at the distance 16 m on plot II. Negative correlations at the distance 18 m were achieved on plot III for: yew and alder, large yew and alder, yew and other tree species of diameter 15−35 cm. Yew grows on higher places, on small islands. The competition between spruce and yew (negative correlation) was the consequence of light and humidity demand of both tree species. The negative correlation between yews and medium alders on longer distance was the result of light competition

Population structure and health conditions of European yew in 'Cisy nad Liswarta' reserve

The aim of the study was to recognise the structure (sex, height, diameter) and vitality of European yew (Taxus baccata L.) population in the ‘Cisy nad Liswartą' reserve (50°46'27,12"N 18°47'11,86"E). The field investigations were performed in years 2005−2009. We measured diameter at breast height, diameter at root collar and height of all yews in the reserve. Sex of the individuals was determined as well as their health condition was classified into one of five classes. Total number of life and dead yew specimens (with height over 0,5 m) accounted to 466. Majority of the population grew in dense stands (stand density index 0.5−0.7). Sex was described for 55% of the population. Number of female individuals was 142 (30%) and male 116 (25%). Lack of or small crown transparency was found for 30% of life yew trees. The share of high transparency crowns equalled 11%. Damage caused by the game (especially deer) was older than 10 years and found for 42% life trees. Seedlings occurred under the canopy of 47 mature trees (10% of population). 15 relevés were established in the investigated stands. Natural regeneration of yew was found on 11 of them. 5 characterised with small number of yew seedlings. The greatest number of seedlings equalled 200 individuals. It was found that the number of yews higher than 0.5 m decreased in comparison to the previous surveys. Female and male yew trees occurred in the reserve, so the generative breeding is possible. Health condition of the analysed yew population is moderate. Problems with survival of the seedlings was observed. The special treatments should be recommended – cutting of some competitors to give more light for natural regeneration and fencing the greater number of yew seedlings

COMPLEX: COdesign and Power Management in PLatform-Based Design Space EXploration

The consideration of an embedded device's power consumption and its management is increasingly important nowadays. Currently, it is not easily possible to integrate power information already during the platform exploration phase. In this paper, we discuss the design challenges of today's heterogeneous HW/SW systems regarding power and complexity, both for platform vendors as well as system integrators. As a result, we propose a design flow concept that combines system-level power optimization techniques with platform-based rapid prototyping. Virtual executable prototypes are generated from MARTE/UML and functional C/C++ descriptions, which then allows to study different platforms, mapping alternatives and power management strategies. Our proposed flow combines system-level timing and power estimation techniques available in commercial tools with platform-based rapid prototyping. We propose an efficient code annotation technique for timing and power properties that enables fast host execution as well as adaptive collection of power traces. Combined with a flexible design-space exploration (DSE) approach our flow allows a trade-off between different platforms, mapping alternatives, and optimization techniques, based on domain-specific workload scenarios. The proposed flow is currently under implementation in the COMPLEX FP7 European integrated project

COMPLEX - COdesign and power Management in PLatform-based design space EXploration

The consideration of an embedded device's power consumption and its management is increasingly important nowadays. Currently, it is not easily possible to integrate power information already during the platform exploration phase. In this paper, we discuss the design challenges of today's heterogeneous HW/SW systems regarding power and complexity, both for platform vendors as well as system integrators. As a result, we propose a design flow concept that combines system-level power optimization techniques with platform-based rapid prototyping. Virtual executable prototypes are generated from MARTE/UML and functional C/C++ descriptions, which then allows to study different platforms, mapping alternatives and power management strategies. Our proposed flow combines system-level timing and power estimation techniques available in commercial tools with platform-based rapid prototyping. We propose an efficient code annotation technique for timing and power properties that enables fast host execution as well as adaptive collection of power traces. Combined with a flexible design-space exploration (DSE) approach our flow allows a trade-off between different platforms, mapping alternatives, and optimization techniques, based on domain-specific workload scenarios. The proposed flow is currently under implementation in the COMPLEX FP7 European integrated project