Three-dimensional evaluation of soft tissue change gradients after mandibular setback surgery in skeletal Class III malocclusion

Objective: To evaluate whether mandibular setback surgery (MSS) for Class III patients would produce gradients of three-dimensional (3D) soft tissue changes in the vertical and transverse aspects. Materials and Methods: The samples consisted of 26 Class III patients treated with MSS using bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Lateral cephalograms and 3D facial scan images were taken before and 6 months after MSS, and changes in landmarks and variables were measured using a Rapidform 2006. Paired and independent t-tests were performed for statistical analysis. Results: Landmarks in the upper lip and mouth corner (cheilion, Ch) moved backward and downward (respectively, cupid bow point, 1.0 mm and 0.3 mm, P <.001 and P < 01; alar curvature-Ch midpoint, 0.6 mm and 0.3 mm, both P <.001; Ch, 3.4 mm and 0.8 mm, both P < <.001). However, landmarks in stomion (Stm), lower lip, and chin moved backward (Stm, 1.6 mm; labrale inferius [Li], 6.9 mm; LLBP, 6.9 mm; B9, 6.7 mm; Pog9, 6.7 mm; Me9, 6.6 mm; P < 001, respectively). Width and height of upper and lower lip were not altered significantly except for a decrease of lower vermilion height (Stm-Li, 1.7 mm, P <.001). Chin height (B9-Me9) was decreased because of backward and upward movement of Me9 (3.1 mm, P<.001). Although upper lip projection angle and Stm-transverse projection angle became acute (ChRt-Ls-ChLt, 5.7° Ch Rt-Stm-ChLt, 6.4°, both P, <.001) because of the greater backward movement of Ch than Stm, lower lip projection angle and Stm-vertical projection angle became obtuse (ChRt-Li-ChLt, 10.8°; Ls- Stm-Li, 23.5°, both P <.001) because of the larger backward movement of Li than labrale superius (Ls). Conclusions: Three-dimensional soft tissue changes in Class III patients after MSS exhibited increased gradients from upper lip and lower lip to chin as well as from Stm to Ch

A Case of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated With Hyperthyroidism, Persistent After Euthyroidism Was Obtained

Cardiovascular manifestations in hyperthyroidism occur frequently with various phenotypes. An association between hyperthyroidism and pulmonary arterial hypertension has been reported. In previously reported cases, the hemodynamic and symptomatic recovery of pulmonary arterial hypertension is usually concomitant with achievement of euthyroidism. We report a patient who had pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with Graves' disease, which persisted after euthyroidism was obtained

TOUCH SENSOR AND DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING THE SAME

A touch sensor including a substrate; a plurality of first touch electrodes located on the substrate, the plurality of first touch electrodes each including first sensing cells and first connection patterns connected between the first sensing cells; a plurality of second touch electrodes located on the substrate while intersecting the first touch electrodes, the plurality of second touch electrodes each including second sensing cells and second connection patterns connected between the second sensing cells; and an insulating member located between the first connection patterns and the second connection patterns, the insulating member having elasticity. A modulus of elasticity of the substrate is equal to or greater than that of the insulating member

Visibility and the Preferred Gamma in a Transparent OLED Display

There have been some studies to examine how people perceived images presented on a transparent display, but there is little research to conduct experiments using a real transparent OLED display. In order to increase visibility of images presented in a transparent OLED display, we find the preferred display gamma value. Before conducting main experiment, we examined the pre-test that showed the change of visibility as surround luminance increased. We confirmed that visibility of low gray levels on the image degraded when the surround condition was bright. Next, we investigated the preferred display gamma value of a transparent OLED display under various surround conditions. The result showed that the preferred gamma value decreased as surround luminance increased. Finally, we explored the cause of lowering of the preferred gamma value by measuring distinguishability of various gammas. This result implied that the lower gamma might be preferred because distinguishability of the low gray levels on the images increases as the surround luminance increases

Transparent ZnO-TFT Arrays fabricated by atomic layer deposition

Transparent ZnO thin film transistor (TFT) array of 176 x 144 (106 dpi) was fabricated on glass substrate. The V-th of the TFT with inverted coplanar structure is about 0.8 V and the mobility is 1.13 cm(2)/V s. The active layer (ZnO), gate insulator (Al2O3), and source-drain electrode (ZnO:Al) were deposited by atomic layer deposition. We also compared the performance of TFTs fabricated by lift-off and wet-etching process as the patterning processes of ZnO layer. The carrier density of the ZnO layer was carefully adjusted to reduce off-current of TFT. Good contact with small contact resistance was formed between the active layer and the source-drain electrode.close766

Article Modulation of vacancy-ordered double perovskite Cs(2)SnI(6 )for air-stable thin-film transistors

Vacancy-ordered halide double perovskites are promising non-toxic and stable alternatives for their lead-and tin (II)-based counterparts in electronic and optoelectronic applications. Despite extensive theoretical studies on this emerging family of materials, efforts devoted to the chemical modulation of their thin-film properties and their potential application in electronic devices remain rare. Here, we develop a facile one-step solution processing strategy to tune the film quality of cesium tin (IV) iodide (Cs2SnI6) perovskite and demonstrate its feasibility in thin-film transistor (TFT) application. We reveal critical roles of precursor stoichiometric ratio and solvent engineering in achieving uniform and highly crystalline Cs2SnI6 films with superior electron mobility. We further modulate the electronic properties by incorporating an external manganese (Mn2+) dopant, achieving high-performance air-stable n-channel TFTs and all-perovskite complementary inverters. We anticipate that the present study would pave the way for expanding the environmentally friendly and stable perovskites toward widespread applications.Funding Agencies|Ministry of Science and ICT through the National Research Foundation - Korean government [NRF-2021R1A2C3005401]; Samsung Display Corporation; Swedish Research Council [2020-03564]</p

Modulation of vacancy-ordered double perovskite Cs2SnI6 for air-stable thin-film transistors

Vacancy-ordered halide double perovskites are promising non-toxic and stable alternatives for their lead-and tin (II)-based counterparts in electronic and optoelectronic applications. Despite extensive theoretical studies on this emerging family of materials, efforts devoted to the chemical modulation of their thin-film properties and their potential application in electronic devices remain rare. Here, we develop a facile one-step solution processing strategy to tune the film quality of cesium tin (IV) iodide (Cs2SnI6) perovskite and demonstrate its feasibility in thin-film transistor (TFT) application. We reveal critical roles of precursor stoichiometric ratio and solvent engineering in achieving uniform and highly crystalline Cs2SnI6 films with superior electron mobility. We further modulate the electronic properties by incorporating an external manganese (Mn2+) dopant, achieving high-performance air-stable n-channel TFTs and all-perovskite complementary inverters. We anticipate that the present study would pave the way for expanding the environmentally friendly and stable perovskites toward widespread applications.11Ysciescopu