A sleep hygiene tool for children with developmental disabilities

This is the accepted manuscript for "Sutton, J., Huws, J., & Burton, C. (2020). A sleep intervention for children with developmental disabilities. Nursing Times (online); 117(1), 32-36." it is not the final, published version of the article. The final version can be accessed at: https://www.nursingtimes.net/roles/health-visitors/a-sleep-hygiene-tool-for-children-with-developmental-disabilities-01-12-2020/This article describes a co-design study to develop a sleep hygiene education tool for children with developmental disabilities and behavioural sleep problems. The tool is underpinned by a programme theory, which explains how sleep hygiene education should work to improve children’s sleep. In three co-design workshops, eight parents and six practitioners debated a preliminary sleep hygiene education tool, using themes developed from an earlier evidence review and exploratory study into parent and practitioner experiences of sleep hygiene education. This participatory research established stakeholder acceptability of the SHE tool and confirmed the often-hidden contextual factors that can help or hinder its success, informing the underpinning programme theory

Measles outbreak investigation process in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of the methods and costs of contact tracing.

AIM: The occurrence of measles outbreaks has increased, and previously measles-free countries are experiencing a resurgence, making measles elimination by 2020 unlikely. Therefore, outbreak prevention and rapid response strategies will need to be intensified. This systematic review therefore examines whether contact tracing (CT) as compared to no CT is an effective means of reducing measles spread during outbreaks in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). SUBJECT AND METHODS: A systematic review was conducted by searching six databases (CINAHL, Global Health, Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and PubMed). The 17 included articles were appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists and analysed using a narrative synthesis. RESULTS: CT is often used alongside mass communication strategies and hospital record checks. Interviewing measles cases to identify contacts, and considering everyone who has shared a space with a case as a contact are common CT methods. Also, CT can be done backwards and/or forwards with the measles case as the focal point of the investigation process. The cost per case of an outbreak response dominated by CT is high especially in terms of labour for the health sector and productivity losses for households. However, overall outbreak expenditure can be low if CT results in fewer and less severe measles cases and a short outbreak duration. CONCLUSION: CT data as a standalone and comparative active surveillance approach in LMICs is scarce. If CT is initiated early, it can prevent large outbreaks, thereby reducing the economic burden of measles and drive LMICs towards measles elimination. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-021-01590-2

The stability of IQ in people with low intellectual ability: an analysis of the literature

A meta-analysis of the stability of low IQ (IQ 80) was performed on IQ tests that have been commonly used—tests that were derived by D. Wechsler (1949, 1955, 1974, 1981, 1991, 1997) and those based on the Binet scales (L. M. Terman, 1960; L. M. Terman & Merrill, 1972). Weighted- mean stability coefficients of .77 and .78 were found for Verbal IQ (V IQ) and Performance IQ (P IQ) on the Wechsler tests and .82 for Full-Scale IQ (FS IQ) on both Wechsler and Binet tests, for a mean test–retest interval of 2.8 years. Although the majority of FS IQs changed by less than 6 points, 14% changed by 10 points or more. The author suggests that the results of IQ assessment should be treated with more caution than previously thought

Supplementary material for the article, "Measles Outbreak Investigation Process in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of the Methods and Costs of Contact Tracing"

Supplementary material for the article, "Measles Outbreak Investigation Process in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of the Methods and Costs of Contact Tracing". It includes: [1] PRISMA Checklist, [2] Article Selection Summary, [3] Study Selection Process for each Database, [4] Quality Assessment of Included Studies Grouped by Type of Design, and [5] Risk of Bias Assessment

Exploring experiences of children in applying a school-based mindfulness programme to their lives

Evidence for the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions for children and young people’s well-being is growing, particularly within educational settings. To date, very few studies have explored how children experience and apply mindfulness. This qualitative study investigated how children who received long-term mindfulness training applied mindfulness to their everyday lives. Year 6 Children (average age 11) were interviewed in three focus groups with their peers, in a semi-structured format, and the data was analysed using an inductive thematic analysis. The findings indicated that the children described mindfulness as assisting with their emotion regulation. Four themes were identified: (1) processes of emotion regulation (2) dysregulation prompt to apply mindfulness (3) challenges and strategies and (4) the conditions that support or hinder mindfulness use. These findings are discussed in the context of theories and evidence on emotion regulation, attachment, and mechanisms of mindfulness. Implications of these findings for future research of meditation-based approaches in schools, for example, self-compassion and kindness practices, are considered

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