THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROLACTIN LEVEL AND THE DURATION OF LACTATIONAL AMENORRHOEA IN LACTATING SUDANESE WOMEN

Background: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the prolactin (PRL) level and the duration of lactational amenorrhoea in lactating Sudanese women. Methods: Sudanese women (135) from Omdurman area with different ages (18-41 years) and stages of lactation were included, 61 of them participated by giving venous blood samples and filling a questionnaire, while the others by filling the questionnaire only. Pregnant women, contraceptives users, and hypothyroid patients were excluded. The subjects were divided into lactational amenorrhoeic (Group I), and lactating menstruating subjects (Group II). Then each group was subdivided according to the duration of lactation into: - Lactating for six months or less. Lactating for more than six months. Prolactin level was measured using radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results: In this study the mean prolactin level in-group I (2934.99 mU/L) was significantly higher compared with group II (707.46 mU/L) (P<0.05). For the duration of lactation, PRL level in the first six months was higher (4414 mU/L), (1506.60 mU/L) in group I, and group II respectively, while this level decreased after six months (1538 mU/L), (517.19 mU/L) for the two groups. Also we found that factors like breast-feeding patterns, utilization of supplementary foods, and the number of parities had a significant effect on the duration of lactational amenorrhoea. Conclusions: There was a positive relationship between PRL level and the duration of lactational amenorrhoea (r=0.39)

Effect of industry-specialist auditors, auditor's tenure, and auditor's size on the quality of disclosure in the UAE Stock Exchange

Having access to real-world information and accurate data is a key factor in improving auditor performance, which in turn impacts business performance and decision-making. Consequently, this research aims to determine how financial institutions' levels of experience impact the accuracy of the information they disclose. The present statistical population consists of all 127 businesses listed on the United Arab Emirates Stock Exchange. This type of research is categorized as applied studies in relation to the research methods used in the UAE stock market. Using a systematic deletion procedure, 46 companies were chosen based on the study's inclusion criteria. The findings revealed that in the UAE, the quality of financial information disclosure for companies listed on the UAE stock exchange is significantly affected by the auditor's decision-making experience, the duration of their job, and the size of the auditor

The impact of specialized loans of agricultural banks for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) on the financial returns of the banks in Iraq

The financial development of a country cannot be considered complete without the financial sustainability of its financial institutions, which can be achieved by producing funds from strong investment plans and loans. Policymakers and future researchers must prioritize this element. Therefore, the current study investigates the effect of specialized loans from agricultural banks to SMEs, such as project loans, objective loans, commodity loans, and liquidity loans, on the financial performance of agricultural banks in Iraq. The study retrieved data from the databases of fifteen agricultural banks from 2011 to 2020. The relationship between variables has been examined using the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR). The results demonstrated a correlation between project financing, objective financing, commodity financing, and liquidity and the financial performance of agricultural banks in Iraq. The article guides decision-makers in the formulation of strategies to increase financial return through the use of specialty loans.Suraa Alaa Jawad (College of Administration and Economics, University of Babylon), Khalid Hussein Ali Al-marzooge (College of Administration and Economics, University of Babylon)Includes bibliographical reference

Plagiarism and Patchwriting Detection in EFL Students' Graduation Research Writing

This study aims at detecting plagiarism and patchwritting in Iraqi EFL students' graduation research papers. To accomplish this aim, five graduation research papers were analyzed. Findings indicate that Iraqi EFL students when writing from sources commit extensive copying from the source (plagiarsism) or stitching sentences together to form a paragraph (patchwriting). So instead of  writing about the source they find themselves coping from it. The researchers find that this misuse of sources is due to many reasons that were revealed in a questionnaire conducted throughout the study on 20 Iraqi fourth stage University students, exploring why they commit direct coping from their sources. Figures indicate evidently that (60%) of the students expressed their  lack of knowledge in the possible techniques that could be used when writing from sources like summarizing and paraphrasing. This lack of knowledge plays an essential role in the difficulty students face in their research writing process. To avoid plagiarism and patchwriting, further research is most definitely urgent so that the Iraqi students might be more aware of their misuses of sources and of the misconducting techniques they employ in writing their graduation research papers. Keywords: Plagiarism, Patchwriting, Writing from sources, Paraphrasing, Summarizing

Improvement of the operation and safety of nuclear power plants

This study investigated the importance of heating processes within a nuclear power plant. The application of Fourier’s law of heat conduction enables determining temperature distributions within the nuclear fuel rods. In contrast, convective cooling occurs on the road surface. The coolant, cladding, and fuel temperature distributions through a reactor are determined. In addition to heat transfer in the reactor core, some power plants engage heat exchangers to produce steam that is fed to a turbine-generator to produce electricity. Thermal power plants reject condenser heat to the environment through mechanisms such as cooling towers as according to a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. These investigations provide a possible modeling approach and load the following control strategies for problematic nuclear power plants to provide an assessment of the concept designs. A load frequency control strategy and average temperature control mechanism are studied to get load following nuclear power plants. This study reports on the development and analysis of some novel versions and approximations of the fractional-order (FO) point reactor kinetics model for a nuclear reactor with slab geometry. These models evolve from the FO point reactor kinetics model, which has been derived from the FO Neutron Telegraph Equation for the neutron transport considering the subdiffusive neutron transport. This study also proposes a water level control system for a nuclear steam generator (SG). The control system consists of a feedback controller and a feedforward controller. The feedback controller comprised in the first order, the feedforward controller is of second order, and parameters of the two controllers are linked with the parameters of plant model; thus scheduling is easily implemented in practice. A model was developed for the thermal analysis of closed feedwater heaters in which wet steam is extracted from the steam turbine (and piped into the heater). Application of this model is of relevance to nuclear power plant diagnostics where the fluid flowing through the steam turbine is wet steam

Evaluation of herbicidal potential of commercial herbicides in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation

A field experiment was conducted in Kanan region, province of Diyala, Iraq during the winter season 2016-2017 to screen herbicides for wheat cultivation. Six herbicides viz., Salix, Cronus, Pallas, Granstar, Topic and Atlantis were sprayed as post-emergence with second irrigation 54 days after crop sowing. Wheat growth parameters viz Crop height, Spike length and number of grains per spike were a higher in Granstar&Topic (105.2 cm, 12.6 cm, 51.4) respectively, 1000 grain weight were noted with Atlantis (40.9 g). followed by Granstar&Topic (39.2 g), Number of plants / m2 was a higher in Atlantis (430), Grain yield g \ acre was significantly increased in Granstar&Topic (1848 g) weeds growth parameters like Number of weeds / m2, Dry weight of weeds g, Weed control % and Weeds inhibition % were lower in Salix&cronos (0.0,0.0 g,100%,100%) respectively

Radiation effect of fractal sierpinski square patch antenna

Biological tissue interaction with Electromagnetic fields became one of the interesting studies in the last years. Wide variety wireless electronic devices are emerged in day to day life each providing a wireless connection for a certain service such as Global Positioning System, broadcasting systems, mobile communication systems, and networking. In this research article, Fractal Sierpinski Square Patch Antenna is proposed and simulated to operate over L1 frequency range of 1.575 GHz for GPS applications using CST studio Suite where the proposed antenna has been investigated on Carpet shaped substrate made of Arlon 250 AD lossy. The dielectric constant equals to 2.5 and thickness of 1.6 mm. Thickness of patch is 0.6 mm. Also, the electromagnetic fields absorption on the human fingers is investigated where SAR levels are calculated for 0th, 1st, 2nd and 3rd iteration of the Fractal Sierpinski Square Patch Antenna. The results reported that the SAR limit of human finger tissue is enhanced with increasing the number of iteration

The Effect of Collimator Diameters on Buildup Factor by using Gamma – Gamma Coincidence System

In this work buildup factor of aluminum and copper samples was studied for different thickness using a  gamma _  gamma coincidence technique and by use two collimator 10 and 7 mm, buildup factor  was calculated for thickness ranged between ( 0 - 9.6 ) cm of aluminum and ( 0 - 4.0 ) cm of copper  using  Na - 22  source with activity of   ( 1 micro Curie ) with single energy ( 0.511 MeV ) and by using ( 3 "× 3" ) sodium iodide detector  NaI (TI). The results showed that buildup factor was more accuracy when we used small diameter because this will decrease the scattering ray which make our calculations more acute for buildup factor which is very important in shielding process for gamma ray. Keywords: Buildup factor, Gamma ray, Shield, Coincidence

Style as a Product of Three Structural Principles

This paper aims at investigating a specific scheme of analyzing sentence-structure as suggested by Christensen (2001, 34-72). This scheme sets the ground for the identification of certain aspects of the phenomenon called "Style", relying on a specific set of simple yet powerful analytical procedures.    Style, especially in literature, might be very common, but it is still elusive. There is a huge disagreement on the style as a concept of a precise definition. This situation raises disputes concerning the set of descriptive categories required for an adequate linguistic account of literary style (see Leech and Short, 1995: 10- 38). Different approaches have been suggested to contribute to a comprehensive view of style. However, they all investigate the same controversial area which is related to one usually raised question: "What language features should we examine to elucidate text style?" (Short, 1996: 334

Allelopathic effects for three plants extracts on weeds of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

An investigation was carried out to evaluate the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus obligo, Chrysanthemum indicum and Eruca sativa on weeds of wheat in the research field of Kanan region, province of Diyala, Iraq during 2016-2017. A minimum number of weeds and Dry weight of weeds were significantly recorded (3.3 m-2, 15 g) respectively in Eruca sativa extract while maximum control of weeds % and inhibition of weeds % (71.2, 87.5%) were significantly recorded in Eruca sativa extract. Different yield components of wheat, such as crop height and 1000-grain weight showed maximum significantly difference 109.0 cm and 42.9 g respectively in Eucalyptus obligo whereas spike length, number of grains / spike, number of plants / m2 and grain yield revealed maximum significantly difference 11.8 cm, 52.6, 341and 1568 g respectively in Chrysanthemum indicum