Artificial neural network based unity power factor corrector for single phase DC-DC converters

Due to the negative effects of the non-linear semiconductor devices and the passive electrical components (inductor and capacitor) in the converter circuits, and that are deteriorating the power factor (PF) and total harmonics distortion (THD) of grid current, this study proposes a novel unity PF correction controller based on a new algorithm of neural network to improve the performance of a single phase boost DC-DC converter with respect to the mentioned concerns. The controller guarantees stable load voltage. The PF corrector, firstly measures the phase shift between grid voltage and grid current waveforms, then through a new artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm, a suitable duty cycle is predicted to guide and control the converter to reduce the phase shift between grid voltage and grid current as possible to have maximum PF which is unity PF, and to improve the THD level of grid current. The proposed system is simulated and evaluated via Simulink of MATLAB, the simulation results are collected at constant duty cycle and at controlled duty cycle through the proposed PF controller using different loads. The presented PF controller guarantees the unity power factor, and enhances the grid alternating current THD

Novel 9-Steps Automatic AC Voltage Regulator based on Two Step-down Transformers

A novel design and simulation results of 9-steps automatic AC voltage regulator based on one step-down transformer is presented in this paper. Avoiding the problem of surge at the AC load during controlling jump steps is done through the proposed design. Accurate and smooth controlling function is achieved as well. Instead of the necessity of increasing the number of taps of the used multi tap transformer for wide controlling range of fluctuated AC  supply voltage, the proposed designed adopts using only two step down transformers with 10 Vrms, and 30 Vrms secondary voltages respectively. Through the controlling of the proposed design of AV voltage regulator, the resultant load voltage is equal the AC supply voltage as well as the suitable voltage step which may one of the following voltages; +40V, +30V, +20V, +10V, 0V, -10V, -20V, -30V, -40V. The electronic design is done Multisim software while the electrical circuit connection of step down transformers and relays contacts that is made by using PSIM software for power circuit design

Design of computerized monitoring and processing system for magnetic field controlling against the phenomenon of black powder in crude oil pipelines

Black power represents the main difficulty faced by the oil flow in pipelines. The negative effect of this powder reaches to stop the oil flow due to clogging the pipelines, in addition to the damaging of the crude oil pumps. Many solutions have been proposed in literature based on chemical or physical processes. On the other side, applying the fixed magnetic field has been presented in separation and extraction process of metal impurities in water pipelines applications. From these facts, this paper proposes an alternative solution (idea, design, and methodology for future implementation) for the black power removing from oil pipelines. The proposed system works on firstly sensing the resistivity parameter in the crude oil as an indication about the oil status with respect to the quantity of the black powder particles, then works on monitoring and controlling the level, location, and polarity of the required magnetic field that to work on cracking particles cracking function that in order to facilitate the crude oil motion in the pipelines. In addition, the proposed solution presents a new design of electrical resistivity sensor as an important indication in terms of evaluating the proposed system performanc

Water-Cooling-Based Approach for PV System Performance Enhancement towards UAE Future Energy Efficiency Policies

United Arab Emirates (UAE) has implemented the UAE Energy Strategy 2050, targeting a 50% increase in renewable energy's contribution by 2050. Steps to achieve this strategy include accelerating efficient consumption of energy and focusing on research and development for sustainable energy solutions. This research aims to investigate the potential improvement in the performance of PV systems as a result of panel’s water-cooling under the UAE climatic conditions. In this work, a PV system consists of two identical 100-W PV panels and an automated water cooling arrangement was built. To assess the effectiveness of the cooling method used, one PV panel was subjected to water cooling, while the other remained uncooled in order to be taken as a benchmark. The experiments took place over a typical summer day during the period between 8:00 am and 5:00 pm. The proposed cooling strategy was repeatedly applied every half an hour to investigate the temperature reduction behavior at different times of the day. The experimental results demonstrated that the adopted water approach was able to achieve a temperature drop of up to 14.6 K. The corresponding power output was improved by up to 12% as a result of the PV panel cooling

Bipolar and unipolar schemes for confined band variable switching frequency PWM based inverter

The single phase inverter performance through the unipolar and bipolar strategies has been previously analyzed based on the constant switching frequency pulse width modulation (CSFPWM). However, the confined band variable switching frequency PWM (CB-VSFPWM) is currently proposed as a new variable switching frequency PWM technique through unipolar strategy to facilitate the design of high order filter, to reduce the switching losses, and to reduce the current total harmonics distortion (THD) as well. To evaluate the performance of a single phase inverter based on the CBVSFPWM through bipolar strategy, this paper presents a comparative study of the CB-VSFPWM based inverter performance using the unipolar PWM and the bipolar PWM strategies. The study adopts MATLAB/Simulink to simulate the inverter and to analyze the simulation results in terms of harmonics spectrum, total harmonic distortion (THD), and fundamental components. The analysis of the study results gives an indication about the appropriate type of CB-VSFPWM strategy (unipolar PWM or bipolar PWM) to guarantee the desired performance of the connected inverter in terms of the electrical grid standards like THD, and harmonics spectrum of the inverter current

New Design and Implementation of a Solar Car of the American University of Ras Al Khaimah: Electrical Vision

This paper explains a full design and implementation process of a feasible solar car as an effective alternative to the gasoline powered car. A solar car is independent of fossil fuels, and would entirely eliminate emissions. Comparing to the previous manufactured solar cars which were characterized by expensive, one seat driver and unfeasible, the presented solution in this study develops a commercially feasible version of a solar car. The structure’s mass and passengers’ mass are considered to calculate the required electrical power for the car to be able to reach the target speed at 100 km/h. A three photovoltaic panels of 320 W are parallel connected as a photovoltaic array to charge a lithium ion battery bank of 48 V and 200 Ah during the day hours. The testing of the implemented car guarantees the successful and flexible design and promises an effective commercial prototype of solar car. The presented work is done in the American University of Ras Al Khaimah

Implementation of sequential design based water level monitoring and controlling system

In currently decades, water usage either for domestic or commercial purposes is facing critical conditions which negatively affects the sustainability of our environment. From this point of view, reducing water consumptions will participate in the solution of water saving. Monitoring and controlling the tank water level are important functions which effect and work on reduction of water consumption.  Many studies in literature focus on proposing a high performance water level monitoring and controlling systems based on either computerized units or microcontroller units. However these systems are characterized by complexity and high cost. In this paper, a highly flexible implemented electronic system is introduced based on sequential design by using general purpose discrete components. The proposed system present simple design of water level sensing stage, in addition, this paper showing full design, simulation, and implementation steps of an automation system which is able to control switching the state of the water pump in accordance to the current level of water in the tank

Named Entity Recognition for Urdu Language: The UNER System, A Hybrid Approach

NER is a natural language processing technique that primarily classifies parts of parsed text into well-known named entities. In the domain of natural language processing, the recognition of name entities is used to classify nouns that appear in bulk text data and place these nouns into predefined groups, such as names of people, places, times, dates, organizations, etc. There is a lot of fragmented material and data on the Cyberspace, therefore scholars are working on several languages (i.e: Sindhi, English, etc.), by working on various approaches and techniques depending on their locations, to improve accessibility of filtered information for online users. The NER enhance the quality of NLP in applications including automated summarization, semantic web search, information extraction and retrieval machine translation and question answering, chatbots and others. This study designs an efficient framework to extract noun entities in Urdu using a hybrid approach. The UNER system not only extracts entities by searching through a list of names, but also extracts named entities by recognizing phrases in a given text. The UNER system is designed to recognize Urdu noun entities in pre-defined categories such as places, personal names, titled personal names, organizations, object names, trade names, abbreviations, dates and times, measurements, and text names in Urdu

A Novel Algorithm for Predicting Antimicrobial Resistance in Unequal Groups of Bacterial Isolates

Choosing antimicrobials is a common dilemma when the expected rate of bacterial resistance is high. The observed resistance values in unequal groups of isolates tested for different antimicrobials can be misleading. This can affect the decision to recommend one antibiotic over the other. We analyzed recalled data with the statistical consideration of unequal sample groups. Data was collected concerning children suspected to have typhoid fever at Al Alwyia Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq. The study period extended from September 2021 to September 2022. A novel algorithm was developed to compare the drug sensitivity among unequal numbers of Salmonella typhi (S. Typhi) isolates tested with different antibacterials. According to the proposed algorithm, the predicted resistance values were more valid than the observed values. This proposed algorithm is expected to help the hospital antibiotic policy committee recommend the proper antibacterial agents for S. Typhi and further bacterial isolates

COVID-19 Vaccines Safety Tracking (CoVaST): Protocol of a Multi-Center Prospective Cohort Study for Active Surveillance of COVID-19 Vaccines' Side Effects.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine-related side effects have a determinant role in the public decision regarding vaccination. Therefore, this study has been designed to actively monitor the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines globally. A multi-country, three-phase study including a cross-sectional survey to test for the short-term side effects of COVID-19 vaccines among target population groups. In the second phase, we will monitor the booster doses' side effects, while in the third phase, the long-term safety and effectiveness will be investigated. A validated, self-administered questionnaire will be used to collect data from the target population; Results: The study protocol has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, with the identifier NCT04834869. CoVaST is the first independent study aiming to monitor the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines following booster doses, and the long-term safety and effectiveness of said vaccines.This study protocol preparation was funded by Masaryk University, grant numbers MUNI/IGA/1543/2020 and MUNI/A/1608/2020.S