Clinical Study The Role of Serum Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Hepatic Osteodystrophy in Male Cirrhotic Patients

Objective. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible role of serum cytokines in the development of hepatic osteodystrophy. Matherial and Methods. 44 consecutive male cirrhotic patients (17 alcoholic, 20 hepatitis B, 7 hepatitis C), 15 age-and sex-matched chronic alcoholics without liver disease, and 17 age-and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study during one year period. Bone mineral density was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar vertebrate and femoral neck. Serum interleukin levels were measured by ELISA method. Results. Although osteopenia frequency between our cirrhotic patients was 20%, there was no difference in T-scores among the controls and other groups. Serum interleukin-1, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were not different between all groups. Serum interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 levels were higher in the cirrhotics than controls (P < 0.001). However, there were no significant difference between osteopenic and nonosteopenic cirrhotics. Conclusion. According to the results of the study in this small population of 44 male cirrhotic patients, frequency of hepatic osteopenia is small and serum interleukins 1, 2, 6, 8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha may not play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic osteodystrophy. Further studies in which large number of patients involved are necessary in this field

Does post-bleaching fluoridation affect the further demineralization of bleached enamel? An in vitro study

WOS: 000341394700001PubMed ID: 25193250Background: Topical fluoride agents have been shown to be the most effective method in treating demineralized enamel after in-office bleaching treatments. Thus, this study aimed to examine the effects of two different post-bleaching fluoridation agents: 1.5% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) (9200 ppm) and 2.1% sodium fluoride (NaF) (9500 ppm), on the calcium loss of enamel after an acidic challenge. Methods: Ten maxillary premolars were sectioned into four pieces and then divided into the following four groups: Group 1: Control, kept in artificial saliva, no treatment; Group 2: 38% hydrogen peroxide (HP); Group 3: 38% HP followed by 1.5% TiF4; Group 4: 38% HP followed by 2.1% NaF solution. The specimens were subjected to demineralization for 16 days, refreshing the solution every 4 days; that is, on the 4th, 8th, 12th, and 16th days. Calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration was determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests (p = 0.05). Results: The loss of Ca2+ in each of the test groups was compared with that of the control group, depicting that there was a statistically significant difference among the groups after 4, 8, 12, and 16 days and in total (p < 0.05). The calcium released from the fluoride-applied groups was lower when compared with the 38% HP and control group. At the end of the 16th day, the total amount of calcium released from the TiF4-treated samples (9.12 mg/mL) was less than from the NaF-treated samples (13.67 mg/mL) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Regarding the results of our in vitro study, the risk of further demineralization was significantly reduced with the use of TiF4 and NaF after bleaching with 38% HP. TiF(4)was found to be more effective in preventing Ca2+ release owing to acid attack when compared with NaF. In the case of an intra-oral acidic exposure, the use of topical 1.5% TiF4 and 2.1% NaF agents might be beneficial after bleaching with 38% HP

Medium modification with bone morphogenetic protein 2 addition for odontogenic differentiation

WOS: 000378324000020PubMed ID: 26981753The aim of this study was to evaluate whether medium modification improves the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) in vitro and in vivo. DPSC isolated from human impacted third molar teeth were analysed for clusters of differentiation with flow cytometry. Odontogenic differentiation was stimulated by medium modification with the addition of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). The expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, enamelysin/matrix metalloproteinase 20 and the phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the X chromosome of the cells were analysed with RT-PCR at 7, 14 and 21 days. Then, DPSC were transplanted on the back of immunocompromised mice via a hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate scaffold, and the structure of the formed tissue was investigated. The cells were identified as mesenchymal stem cells with a 98.3% CD73 and CD90 double-positive cell rate. The increase in mineralization capacity and expression of human enamel-dentin specific transcripts proportional to the culture period were determined after differentiation. Six weeks after transplantation, an osteo-dentin matrix was formed in the group in which odontogenic differentiation was stimulated, and the odontogenic characteristics of the matrix were confirmed by histological examination and RT-PCR analysis. Odontogenic differentiation of the isolated and characterized human DPSC was improved with medium modification by the addition of BMP2 in vitro and in vivo. The defined medium and applied technique have a potential use for forming reparative dentin in the future, but the effects of the method should be investigated in long-term studies.Ege University's Scientific Research FoundationEge University [2009-Dis-036]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK)This study was supported by Ege University's Scientific Research Foundation (2009-Dis-036). We also acknowledge The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) for its PhD scholarship support

Effect of bleaching agents on calcium loss from the enamel surface

Joint Meeting of the Continental European Division, Scandinavian Division and Israeli Division of the International-Association-for-Dental-Research -- AUG, 2004 -- Istanbul, TURKEYWOS: 000245694400011PubMed ID: 17432790Objectives: To compare the Ca2+ loss of enamel treated with 38% hydrogen peroxide (HP), 35% HP with light, and 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). Method and Materials: Ten extracted premolars were sectioned buccolingually and longitudinally so that 4 specimens were obtained from each tooth. The specimens were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups to receive the following bleaching agents: 38% HP, 35% HP with light, 10% CP, and no agent (control). The specimens were treated with an artificial caries solution (pH 4) for 16 days; the solution was replaced on days 4, 8, 12, and 16. Calcium concentration was determined by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Repeated measures ANOVA was performed on concentrations on days 4, 8, 12, and 16. Results: At the end of day 16, calcium ions released per square millimeter were calculated cumulatively as follows: 38% HP group: 27.52 +/- 5.22 mu g/mL; 35% HIP with light group: 25.15 +/- 4.99 mu g/mL; 10% CP group: 19.53 +/- 4.03 mu g/mL; control group: 18.35 +/- 4.00 mu g/mL. The differences between the control group and the 35% HP with light group and between the control group and 38% HIP group were statistically significant. Although demineralization differences were observed between the control group and the 10% CP group, this difference was not significant. Conclusions: It can be concluded that 35% HP with light and 38% HP may cause significantly more loss of Ca2+ from the enamel surfaces than 10% CP. Also, 10% CP does not vary significantly from the control.Int Assoc Dent Res, Continental European Div, Int Assoc Dent Res, Scandinavian Div, Int Assoc Dent Res, Israeli Di

The effects of extended polymerization time for different resin composites on reactive oxygen species production and cell viability

Tuzcu, Fulya/0000-0002-1528-1090WOS:000601404800011PubMed: 33148930Purpose: The present study was conducted to determine oxidative stress and cell viability after contact with resin composites polymerized for different times. Methods: Disk-shaped specimens of Admira Fusion. Ceram X One Universal. Solare x and Filtek Z550 (n = 12) were prepared, and two subgroups with polymerization times of 20 and 40 s were employed. The specimens were incubated with mouse fibroblast cells for 48 and 72 h, and changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cellular viability were determined by an assay with a cell-permeable fluorescent dye, 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA), and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, respectively. Results: At 72 h, ROS production in the presence of Admira Fusion polymerized for 40 s was reduced relative to that in the presence of Admira Fusion polymerized for 20 s (P < 0.05). Cell viability was maximal in the Admira Fusion and Solare x groups and there was no difference relative to the control group at 48 h. Cell viability was higher in the Admira Fusion and Solare x groups polymerized for 40 s than for the same materials polymerized for 20 sat 72 h (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Extension of the polymerizaton lime has a material-specific effect and may be used as a strategy to increase the biocompability of resin composites

Low-sulfidation epithermal Au-Ag mineralization in the Sindirgi District, Balikesir Province, Turkey

The Sindirgi District (Balikesir, western Turkey) lies within the Western Anatolian volcanic and extensional province, adjacent to the WNW-trending Simav graben, approximately 130 km NE of Izmir. The Sindirgi mining district is underlain mainly by Miocene volcanic rocks and hosts several low-sulfidation epithermal Au-Ag deposits and prospects located near the towns of Sindirgi and Bigadic. The Kiziltepe low-sulfidation epithermal gold-silver deposit is located southeast of Yusufcam village (Sindirgi, Balikesir), and other prospects, including the Kepez, Kavakliduz, and Karaduz prospects, are located northeast of Kiziltepe. Potentially economic grades occur at Kiziltepe, which contains a measured and indicated resource of 1.754.790 Mt @3.0 g/t Au, 44 g/t Ag, hosted by quartz veins showing colloform/crustiform banding, quartz pseudomorphs after bladed calcite, and multiphase brecciations, all typical textures noted in low-sulfidation epithermal deposits. Alteration minerals include mixed-layer illite/smectite, high-crystallinity illite, and kandite group minerals (dickite and nacrite). Precious metal minerals include traces of electrum, acanthite, Au-rich acanthite, and Ag-Hg-Au-Tl-Pb series, occurring mainly within quartz. Pyrite is the most common opaque mineral at Kiziltepe. Ar-40/Ar-39 dating of adularia from the quartz veins indicates an age of mineralization of 18.3 +/- 0.2 Ma. The ore mineralization is divided into three main phases. These comprise the deposition of: coarse-grained quartz, illite, pyrite, and minor precious metals (Phase I); major gold-silver-bearing medium-grained quartz, which commonly exhibits crustiform banding, carbonate replacement, and hydrothermal breccia textures (Phase II); and fine-grained chalcedonic quartz with colloform/crustiform banding (Phase III). Phase II is economically the most important in terms of precious metal content. Phase II quartz contains fluid inclusions, which range from predominantly vapor-rich to predominantly liquid-rich with homogenization temperatures (Th) varying from 157 to 330 degrees C, showing a cluster between 190 and 300 degrees C, and ice-melting temperatures (Tm) ranging from -0.2 to -2.9 degrees C (salinity from 0.5-4.8 wt.% NaCl equiv.). Moderate to strong positive correlations occur between Au-Ag (R = 0.8) and Au-Cu (R = 0.5), whereas there is no correlation between As and Au or Ag

The improvement of biocompatibility of adhesives: The effects of resveratrol on biocompatibility and dentin micro-tensile bond strengths of self-etch adhesives

WOS: 000474396700008PubMed ID: 30415440ObjectiveThe aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the effects of resveratrol (RES) addition on the cytotoxicity and microtensile bond strength (mu TBS) of different adhesives.Materials and methodsFive self-etching adhesives (G-aenial Bond-GC, Optibond All in One-Kerr, Gluma Self Etch-Kulzer, Clearfil S-3 Bond-Kuraray, and Nova Compo-B Plus-Imicryl) were tested. They were applied to L-929 cell culture by the extract method. In the test groups, 0.5 mu M RES (Sigma-Aldrich) was added into the medium. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay after 24h. Human extracted third molars were used for mu TBS test (n=7). The adhesives with or without 0.5 mu M RES addition were applied on dentin surfaces. A composite build-up was constructed. Then, the specimens were sectioned into multiple beams with the non-trimming version of the microtensile test and subjected to microtensile forces. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (p?0.05).ResultsThe extracts of all adhesives decreased the cell viability. However, RES addition increased the cell viability in all groups (p?0.05). RES addition did not cause any decrease in mu TBS values of the adhesives compared to baseline. Optibond All in One showed the highest mu TBS after RES addition. It was followed by Clerafil S-3 Bond and Nova Compo-B Plus. No difference was determined between the Optibond All in One and Clearfil S-3 Bond. There was difference between Optibond All in One and Nova Compo-B Plus (p?0.05).ConclusionRES addition may improve the biocompatibility without causing negative influence on mu TBS of the adhesives.Clinical relevanceRES addition has clinical applicable potential to overcome the adverse biocompatibility of adhesives

In vivo performance of different scaffolds for dental pulp stem cells induced for odontogenic differentiation

WOS: 000404458100052PubMed ID: 27901202This study was designed to determine the in vivo performance of three different materials as scaffolds for dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) undergoing induced odontogenic differentiation. An odontogenic medium modified by the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 was used in the experimental groups to induce differentiation. Mesenchymal stem cell medium was used in the control groups. DPSC were transplanted onto the backs of mice via three scaffolds: copolymer of L-lactide and DL-lactide (PLDL), copolymer of DL-lactide (PDL) and hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP). The expression levels of dentin sialo-phosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP1), enamelysin/matrix metalloproteinase 20 (MMP20) and phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on X chromosome (PHEX) were analysed using RT-PCR. The expressions in the experimental groups were compared to those in the control groups. The transcript expressions at 6 and 12 weeks were significantly different for all scaffolds (p < 0.05), except for the expression of DSPP in the PLDL group with regard to the time variable. Although there was a decrease in the expression of enamelysin/MMP20 in PLDL and HA/TCP at 12 weeks, all other expressions increased and reached their highest level at 12 weeks. The highest DSPP expression was in the PDL group (p < 0.05). The highest expression of DMP1 was detected in the HA/TCP group (p < 0.05). The highest expression of PHEX was in the PLDL group (p < 0.05). Consequently, PLDL and PDL seemed to be promising scaffold candidates for odontogenic regeneration at least as HA-TCP, when they were applied with the DPSC induced for odontogenic differentiation.Ege University's Scientific Research FoundationEge University [2010-Dis-006]This study was supported by Ege University's Scientific Research Foundation (2010-Dis-006). The authors sincerely thank Gul KAYRAK for her help in language editing

Abdominal Tuberculosis Mimicking Peritoneal Carcinomatosis

Abdominal tuberculosis is a rare disease, with non-specific findings. Abdominal tuberculosis can mimic different pathologies. Abdominal tuberculosis could affect the entire gastrointestinal tract, peritoneum, mesentery as well as the solid organs like liver, spleen and pancreas. We present a 42-year-old woman with intra-abdominal mass of unknown origin which was interpreted as peritoneal carcinomatosis intraoperatively

In vivo performance of different scaffolds for dental pulp stem cells induced for odontogenic differentiation

Abstract This study was designed to determine the in vivo performance of three different materials as scaffolds for dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) undergoing induced odontogenic differentiation. An odontogenic medium modified by the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 was used in the experimental groups to induce differentiation. Mesenchymal stem cell medium was used in the control groups. DPSC were transplanted onto the backs of mice via three scaffolds: copolymer of L-lactide and DL-lactide (PLDL), copolymer of DL-lactide (PDL) and hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP). The expression levels of dentin sialo-phosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP1), enamelysin/matrix metalloproteinase 20 (MMP20) and phosphate-regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on X chromosome (PHEX) were analysed using RT-PCR. The expressions in the experimental groups were compared to those in the control groups. The transcript expressions at 6 and 12 weeks were significantly different for all scaffolds (p < 0.05), except for the expression of DSPP in the PLDL group with regard to the time variable. Although there was a decrease in the expression of enamelysin/MMP20 in PLDL and HA/TCP at 12 weeks, all other expressions increased and reached their highest level at 12 weeks. The highest DSPP expression was in the PDL group (p < 0.05). The highest expression of DMP1 was detected in the HA/TCP group (p < 0.05). The highest expression of PHEX was in the PLDL group (p < 0.05). Consequently, PLDL and PDL seemed to be promising scaffold candidates for odontogenic regeneration at least as HA-TCP, when they were applied with the DPSC induced for odontogenic differentiation