Application of biological filters in water treatment systems

Silver chloride placed on or close to barrier kills bacteria as they arrive. Dead bacteria accumulate linearly, whereas previously, live bacteria accumulated exponentially. During continuous 30-day tests, no bacteriological contamination was found downstream of filters with silver chloride added

Potable water bactericide agent development

The results are summarized of the work performed for the development and evaluation of a bactericide agent/system concept capable of being used in the space shuttle potable water system. The concept selected for evaluation doses fuel cell water with silver ions before the water is stored and used, by passing this water through columns packed with silver chloride and silver bromide particles, respectively. Four simulated space shuttle potable water system tests, each of seven days duration, were performed to demonstrate that this concept is capable of delivering sterile water even though 3 + or - 1 x 10 to the 9th power Type IIIa or Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, two types which have been found in the Apollo potable water system, are purposely injected into the system each day. This result, coupled with the fact that silver ions do not have to be periodically added to the stored water, indicates that this concept is superior to the chlorine and iodine techniques used on Apollo

A photon phreak digs the LDEF happening

A year ago at the First Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) Post-Retrieval Symposium, detailed measurements on trunnion sections, as well as results from 'intentional' samples (Co, Ni, In, Ta, and V) and spacecraft parts were reported. For this year's Symposium, some of these findings are re-evaluated in combination with more recent results, to cast a longer perspective on the LDEF experience, and to sketch some promising avenues toward more effective participation in future missions. The LDEF analysis effort has been a superb training exercise, from which lessons learned need to be applied to future missions - right back to the early phases of mission planning

Making meaning in muddy waters: representing complexity through community based storytelling

Internationally, storytelling has been used with many diverse communities. This paper compares the use of storytelling as a participatory art form within a community development project and a community and healthy living centre in the United Kingdom. Both the project and the centre regard storytelling activities as ‘inclusionary’ forms of intervention. However, the discourse of social inclusion rarely acknowledges the subtle psychosocial processes that are involved in participatory storytelling. This paper discusses such processes and examines some methodological implications of researching storytelling. It asks what contribution storytelling can make towards authentic representation of individual and community voices

The Interplanetary Network Supplement to the BeppoSAX Gamma-Ray Burst Catalogs

Between 1996 July and 2002 April, one or more spacecraft of the interplanetary network detected 787 cosmic gamma-ray bursts that were also detected by the Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor and/or Wide-Field X-Ray Camera experiments aboard the BeppoSAX spacecraft. During this period, the network consisted of up to six spacecraft, and using triangulation, the localizations of 475 bursts were obtained. We present the localization data for these events.Comment: 89 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Serie

BATSE Observations of Gamma-Ray Burst Tails

I discuss in this paper the phenomenon of post-burst emission in BATSE gamma-ray bursts at energies traditionally associated with prompt emission. By summing the background-subtracted signals from hundreds of bursts, I find that tails out to hundreds of seconds after the trigger may be a common feature of long events (duration greater than 2s), and perhaps of the shorter bursts at a lower and shorter-lived level. The tail component appears independent of both the duration (within the long GRB sample) and brightness of the prompt burst emission, and may be softer. Some individual bursts have visible tails at gamma-ray energies and the spectrum in at least a few cases is different from that of the prompt emission.Comment: 33 Pages from LaTex including 7 figures, with aastex. To appear in Astrophysical Journa

Cost-effectiveness of counselling, graded-exercise and usual care for chronic fatigue: evidence from a randomised trial in primary care

Fatigue is common and has been shown to result in high economic costs to society. The aim of this study is to compare the cost-effectiveness of two active therapies, graded-exercise (GET) and counselling (COUN) with usual care plus a self-help booklet (BUC) for people presenting with chronic fatigue

Refurbishment and testing of the integrated waste management system Final report, Dec. 1968 - Aug. 1969

Refurbishment and testing of integrated waste management system for manned space fligh

BSE versus StarTrack: implementations of new wind, remnant-formation, and natal-kick schemes in NBODY7 and their astrophysical consequences

The masses of stellar-remnant black holes (BH), as a result of their formation via massive single- and binary-stellar evolution, is of high interest in this era of gravitational-wave detection from binary black hole (BBH) and binary neutron star (BNS) mergers. Here we present new developments in the N-body evolution program NBODY7 in regards to its stellar-remnant formation and related schemes. We demonstrate that the newly-implemented stellar-wind and remnant-formation schemes in the NBODY7 code's BSE sector, such as the 'rapid' and the 'delayed' supernova (SN) schemes along with an implementation of pulsational-pair-instability and pair-instability supernova (PPSN/PSN), now produces neutron star (NS) and BH masses that agree nearly perfectly, over large ranges of zero-age-main sequence (ZAMS) mass and metallicity, with those from the StarTrack population-synthesis program. We also demonstrate the new implementations of various natal-kick mechanisms on NSs and BHs such as the 'convection-asymmetry-driven', 'collapse-asymmetry-driven', and 'neutrino-emission-driven' kicks, in addition to a fully consistent implementation of the standard, fallback-dependent, momentum-conserving natal kick. We find that the SN material fallback causes the convection-asymmetry kick to effectively retain similar number and mass of BHs in clusters as for the standard, momentum-conserving kick. The collapse-asymmetry kick would cause nearly all BHs to retain in clusters irrespective of remnant formation model and metallicity, whereas the inference of a large number of BHs in GCs would potentially rule out the neutrino-driven kick mechanism. Pre-SN mergers of massive primordial binaries would cause BH masses to deviate from the single-star ZAMS mass-remnant mass relation. Such mergers, at low metallicities, can produce low-spinning BHs within the PSN mass gap that can be retained in a stellar cluster.Comment: 27 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic