Changes of benthic macroinvertebrates in Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries under polluted conditions with industrial wastewater

The pollution on the Thi Vai River has been spreading out rapidly over the two lasted decades caused by the wastewater from the industrial parks in the left bank of Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries. The evaluation of the benthic macroinvertebrate changes was very necessary to identify the consequences of the industrial wastewater on water quality and aquatic ecosystem of Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries. In this study, the variables of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality were investigated in Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries, Southern Vietnam. The monitoring data of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality parameters covered the period from 1989 to 2015 at 6 sampling sites in Thi Vai River and Cai Mep Estuaries. The basic water quality parameters were also tested including pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. The biodiversity indices of benthic macroinvertebrates were applied for water quality assessment. The results showed that pH ranged from 6.4 – 7.6 during the monitoring. The DO concentrations were in between 0.20 – 6.70 mg/L. The concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorous ranged from 0.03 – 5.70 mg/L 0.024 – 1.380 mg/L respectively. Macroinvertebrate community in the study area consisted of 36 species of polychaeta, gastropoda, bivalvia, and crustacea, of which, species of polychaeta were dominant in species number. The benthic macroinvertebartes density ranged from 0 – 2.746 individuals/m2 with the main dominant species of Neanthes caudata, Prionospio malmgreni, Paraprionospio pinnata, Trichochaeta carica, Maldane sarsi, Capitella capitata, Terebellides stroemi, Euditylia polymorpha, Grandidierella lignorum, Apseudes vietnamensis. The biodiversity index values during the monitoring characterized for aquatic environmental conditions of mesotrophic to polytrophic. Besides, species richness positively correlated with DO, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. The results confirmed the advantage of using benthic macroinvertebrates and their indices for water quality assessment

Financial Sector Reforms in Vietnam: Selected Issues and Problems

The purpose of this report is to concentrate on performing in-depth analyses of selected issues of prominence and importance for the future success of the reform process rather than describing the current day-to-day operations and procedures in the financial sector. This eclectic approach implies that other important issues such as the development of a payment system, the state and prospects for the inter-bank markets, and the human capital and organisational issues in the state-owned banks are neglected and/or not analysed in depth. They are, however, omissions due to constraints imposed by funds and time available rather than a failure to comprehend their importance. In this context, the present report should thus be viewed as a first step towards establishing an open dialogue about the nature and speed of the financial sector reforms in Vietnam based on recurrent independent assessments of financial sector issues and problems.Financial Sector Reforms, Vietnam

Does rising import competition harm Vietnam’s local firm employment of the 2000s?

This study considers for the first time the role of rising import competition on employment in Vietnam. Using a time differenced and instrumental variables approach, our study shows that import competition results in employment contraction. Firms operating in industries that face greater import competition have reduced employment. We also find strong evidence of a negative impact of import competition for small and very small firms, as well as in the period before Vietnam’s World Trade Organization (WTO) accession. Our results also reveal that previous studies at the industry-level can provide biased estimates because of not controlling for the heterogeneity of firm characteristics

Competencies of the Team of Department Head at Higher Education Institutions in Vietnam in The Context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0

This study aims to investigate the Competencies of the team of department head at higher education institutions in Vietnam to implement higher education development in the context of the industrial revolution 4.0. The authors conducted a Delphi study with 15 experts in educational management in Vietnam to gather their expert views on the competencies of the team of department head at higher education institutions. A total of 24 components of competency related to 4 fields (professional expertise, scientific research, subject management and leadership, social activities and international cooperation) were strongly emphasized by experts. The competence of the team of department head is proposed based on the ideas of a group of experts and the results need to be tested, completed and confirmed by follow-up work. Besides, in this study, we have not determined the level of achievement of each competence as well as developed assessment tools. The specific competencies of the team of department head can be considered as a foundation to contribute to the development of higher education in the context of the industrial revolution 4.0. We know that competence does not exist independently; in stead of, they should be considered in the specific context of teaching, university, culture and society. This study is one of the studies related to the competence contextualization of the team of department head at higher education institutions in the Vietnamese context

On the compression softening effect of prestressed beams

The main objective of the present paper is to study the transverse vibration of the prestressed beams. The differential equation of the transverse vibration of the Euler-Bernoulli beam is developed, in which the initial axial strain in every cross section of the beam is taken into account, so that the initial normal stress is not equal to zero. We have proposed some formulae to determine the natural frequencies of the prestressed beam. The forced transverse vibration of the beam with a moving external force has been considered. From this it follows compression softening effect of prestressed beams. A detailed comparison between the calculating results for the prestressed and the non-prestressed beam is also presented

The impacts of socio-economic activities on the environment of Huong river basin

The article analyzes, assesses and forecasts initially the impacts of development process of population, industry, aquaculture and tourism on the environment of Huong river basin. The results shows that the increasing of waste water discharge and waste matter from the population is one of the factors which pollute the environment of Huong river basin, especially in urban areas. Besides, activities of home craft at rural areas, the extension of the scale of industrial zones are forcasted that they will increase the solid waste matter discharge, including noxious solid waste matter. The development of raising prawn by industrial methods at Tam Giang – Cau Hai eliminates millions of square meter of waste water per crop, that pollutes surface water and coastal sea water. Besides, toursim activities at the tours along Huong river basin is one of the factors which pollute this river.В статье даны анализ, оценка и прогноз влияния населения, а также промышленности, аквакультуры и туризма на окружающую среду в бассейне реки Хыонг. Результаты исследования показывают, что одним из основных факторов загрязнения окружающей среды в бассейне реки Хыонг, особенно в пределах городов, является возрастающий сброс сточных вод и других загрязняющих веществ в реки. Вследствие деятельности домашних хозяйств в сельской местности и расширения промышленных зон прогнозируется увеличение количества твердых бытовых отходов, в том числе токсических. Развитие промышленного выращивания креветок в районе Там Гианг – Кау Хай приводит к образованию значительных объемов отработанных вод, которые загрязняют поверхностные воды и прибрежные воды моря. Туристическая деятельность также является одним из факторов загрязнения реки