Long time Solutions for a Burgers-Hilbert Equation via a Modified Energy Method

We consider an initial value problem for a quadratically nonlinear inviscid Burgers-Hilbert equation that models the motion of vorticity discontinuities. We use a modified energy method to prove the existence of small, smooth solutions over cubically nonlinear time-scales

The Collision Of Romanticism And Modernism In Post-World War II American Cinema: A Theoretical Defense Of Intellectual History In The Undergraduate Classroom

The post-World War II era in the United States, which ran from 1945 to 1970, has long been divided into two distinct periods; the late 1940s and 1950s and the 1960s. Out of this separation has come a view of the late 1940s and 1950s as a time dominated by a conservative conformist culture that did little to rival pre-war norms. On the other hand, the 1960s have come to be seen as a decade that witnessed true social revolution and thus should be considered responsible for shaping the social and cultural landscape of late twentieth-century America. While these views represented the dominant scholarly position on post-war era culture, a recent shift has brought this view into serious question. Through the work of historians such as Alan Petigny, the post-war era is no longer divided into two separate periods, but rather considered as a single swath of time in which the forces of Modernism began to influence society and affect change. In a period that boasted numerous well-known philosophers and public intellectuals, Ayn Rand became one of the most widely-read and controversial thinkers of the post-war era. Despite being most well-known for her philosophical novels The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged, Rand wrote numerous works of non-fiction including the 1971 publication, The Romantic Manifesto. In this collection of essays, which Rand wrote throughout the 1960s, she identified, like Petigny decades later, the aggressive march of Modernism in post-war America, which, in her estimation, had already ravaged Europe decades earlier, but was temporarily halted from fully taking over the United States because of the Second World War. In addition to identifying the war waged by Modernism against the established tradition of Romanticism in American culture, Rand also discussed the primary elements of literature, which could also be applied to film, and explained how one could determine whether or not a work of art represented Modernism or Romanticism. This study has two main objectives. In terms of historical inquiry, the study will apply the conclusions of Rand and Petigny as to the influence of Modernism across the entire scope of the post-war period to American cinema in order to determine whether or not the art produced by this popular and influential medium reflected an early presence of Modernism or if, in keeping with the traditional view of the period, Modernism was in fact a product of the 1960s. In order to put the ideas of Rand and Petigny to the test, a series of films from a range of genres that were made across the entire post-war period will be analyzed using Rand\u27s method in order to determine whether or not they represent modernist ideas and influence. However, because this study will be used to create a History 399 course, elements of pedagogy will also be considered. Thus, prior to the film analysis, the importance of intellectual history will be stressed specifically in terms of its applicability to sources, such as films, that were previously excluded from serious consideration in the field. After concluding the film analysis, the study will then examine the literature on using film in the undergraduate classroom in order to demonstrate its value as the centerpiece of an undergraduate course. Finally, this study will conclude with a description of the specific course construction including readings, assignments, grading and assessment

Phase-Space Distributions of Galactic Dark Matter Halos and Implications for Detection

This work focuses on models of galactic dark matter halos and observational prospects. We investigate the impact of careful computation of the phase-space density and velocity distribution of weakly-interacting massive particles, a major class of dark matter particle candidates, in the Milky Way. In particular, the possibility of a non-trivial velocity-dependence in the self-annihilation cross-section from the Sommerfeld effect is considered in indirect detection; we derive an upper limit on the local velocity dispersion and examine the significance of local anisotropy in the local dark matter distribution in direct detection efforts

Inducing grammars from linguistic universals and realistic amounts of supervision

The best performing NLP models to date are learned from large volumes of manually-annotated data. For tasks like part-of-speech tagging and grammatical parsing, high performance can be achieved with plentiful supervised data. However, such resources are extremely costly to produce, making them an unlikely option for building NLP tools in under-resourced languages or domains. This dissertation is concerned with reducing the annotation required to learn NLP models, with the goal of opening up the range of domains and languages to which NLP technologies may be applied. In this work, we explore the possibility of learning from a degree of supervision that is at or close to the amount that could reasonably be collected from annotators for a particular domain or language that currently has none. We show that just a small amount of annotation input — even that which can be collected in just a few hours — can provide enormous advantages if we have learning algorithms that can appropriately exploit it. This work presents new algorithms, models, and approaches designed to learn grammatical information from weak supervision. In particular, we look at ways of intersecting a variety of different forms of supervision in complementary ways, thus lowering the overall annotation burden. Sources of information include tag dictionaries, morphological analyzers, constituent bracketings, and partial tree annotations, as well as unannotated corpora. For example, we present algorithms that are able to combine faster-to-obtain type-level annotation with unannotated text to remove the need for slower-to-obtain token-level annotation. Much of this dissertation describes work on Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG), a grammatical formalism notable for its use of structured, logic-backed categories that describe how each word and constituent fits into the overall syntax of the sentence. This work shows how linguistic universals intrinsic to the CCG formalism itself can be encoded as Bayesian priors to improve learning.Computer Science

Emerging dimensions of mission in a global body : tracking and evaluating partnerships between American congregations and their global counterparts

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ecommonsatsdissertations/2543/thumbnail.jp

Electronic Mail and Michigan\u27s Public Disclosure Laws: The Argument for Public Access to Governmental Electronic Mail

This Note explores the potential for citizens to request electronic mail (e-mail) records from government agencies using public disclosure laws, with emphasis on the Michigan Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). E-mail is a medium that has come to replace both telephone calls and paper documents for many purposes. The applicability of public disclosure laws to e-mail, however, is less than clear. Telephone conversations by public employees for most purposes are confidential, while paper records created by those same employees can be requested under the FOIA. Thus, should public e-mail remain private and confidential or should it be subject to FOIA requests? Public access to e-mail, like public access to government records, would help promote the goal embodied in the disclosure laws of open government. Yet public disclosure of e-mail also could considerably dampen the candor, informality, and ease of communication, which makes e-mail so popular and effective with employees of public agencies. This Note argues that an attempt to request e-mail messages most likely would succeed under the provisions of Michigan\u27s public disclosure laws. More importantly, this Note maintains that, with certain exceptions for faculty of public schools and for highly informal messages, e-mail created by public agencies should remain open to public scrutiny given the policies underlying the Freedom of Information Act