7,329 research outputs found
Agency Behavior in a Nonprofit Setting: Effects of the 1984 Supreme Court NCAA Decision
The NCAA is commonly viewed as a cartel. We model the cartel relationship between the member teams and the NCAA central organization as a principal-agent relationship. Our model predicts imperfect agency behavior on the part of the NCAA with corresponding overregulation relative to the level preferred by the member teams. We empirically test the model by examining the impact of the 1984 Supreme Court decision that reassigned the telecast rights for intercollegiate football from the NCAA to the individual member teams. Our empirical estimates of telecasts, attendance, and competitive balance support the prediction of imperfect agency behavior by the NCAA.NCAA, Intercollegiate Football, Broadcast Regulation, Antitrust Policy
Employing dynamic fuzzy membership functions to assess environmental performance in the supplier selection process
The proposed system illustrates that logic fuzzy can be used to aid management in assessing a supplier's environmental performance in the supplier selection process. A user-centred hierarchical system employing scalable fuzzy membership functions implement human priorities in the supplier selection process, with particular focus on a supplier's environmental performance. Traditionally, when evaluating supplier performance, companies have considered criteria such as price, quality, flexibility, etc. These criteria are of varying importance to individual companies pertaining to their own specific objectives. However, with environmental pressures increasing, many companies have begun to give more attention to environmental issues and, in particular, to their suppliers’ environmental performance. The framework presented here was developed to introduce efficiently environmental criteria into the existing supplier selection process and to reflect on its relevant importance to individual companies. The system presented attempts to simulate the human preference given to particular supplier selection criteria with particular focus on environmental issues when considering supplier selection. The system considers environmental data from multiple aspects of a suppliers business, and based on the relevant impact this will have on a Buying Organization, a decision is reached on the suitability of the supplier. This enables a particular supplier's strengths and weaknesses to be considered as well as considering their significance and relevance to the Buying OrganizationPeer reviewe
Morphological instability, evolution, and scaling in strained epitaxial films: An amplitude equation analysis of the phase field crystal model
Morphological properties of strained epitaxial films are examined through a
mesoscopic approach developed to incorporate both the film crystalline
structure and standard continuum theory. Film surface profiles and properties,
such as surface energy, liquid-solid miscibility gap and interface thickness,
are determined as a function of misfit strains and film elastic modulus. We
analyze the stress-driven instability of film surface morphology that leads to
the formation of strained islands. We find a universal scaling relationship
between the island size and misfit strain which shows a crossover from the
well-known continuum elasticity result at the weak strain to a behavior
governed by a "perfect" lattice relaxation condition. The strain at which the
crossover occurs is shown to be a function of liquid-solid interfacial
thickness, and an asymmetry between tensile and compressive strains is
observed. The film instability is found to be accompanied by mode coupling of
the complex amplitudes of the surface morphological profile, a factor
associated with the crystalline nature of the strained film but absent in
conventional continuum theory.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures; to be published in Phys. Rev.
Interrelations of leaf area and non-structural carbohydrate status as determinants of the growth of sub-tropical grasses
Under the normal moisture and nutritional stresses of the sub-coastal southern Queensland pasture environment, leaf growth in green panic and buffel grass was not sufficient to intercept all light, and wide variations in the frequency and intensity of defoliation caused little difference in the annual yield of shoot growth. Heavy use promoted increased leaf growth and N content, and reduced root growth and carbohydrate accumulation. When moisture and nutrients were adequate, growth was more positively dependent upon LAI than on carbohydrate status. The results of growth analyses are discussed and attention directed to the equilibration of component growth factors which reduce defoliation-treatment effects
Non-linear Microwave Surface Impedance of Epitaxial HTS Thin Films in Low DC Magnetic Fields
We have carried out non-linear microwave (8 GHz) surface impedance
measurements of three YBaCuO thin films in dc magnetic fields
(parallel to c axis) up to 12 mT using a coplanar resonator technique. In zero
dc field the three films, deposited by the same method, show a spread of
low-power residual surface resistance, and penetration depth,
(T=15 K) within a factor of 1.9. However, they exhibit dramatically
different microwave field, dependences of the surface resistance,
, but universal dependence. Application of a dc field was
found to affect not only absolute values of and , but the functional
dependences and as well. For some of the samples
the dc field was found to decrease below its zero-field low-power value.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. To be published in IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.,
June 199
Flight-Test Evaluation of Landing Gear Noise Reduction Technologies
Results from the third Acoustics Research Measurements flight test, conducted under the NASA Flight Demonstrations and Capabilities project, are presented and discussed. The test evaluated landing gear and gear cavity noise mitigation technologies installed on a NASA Gulfstream G-III. Aircraft configurations with and without main landing gear treatments were flown at several flap deflections to determine the acoustic performance of the technologies for aircraft equipped with conventional Fowler flaps. With the aircraft flying an approach path and engines at ground-idle, extensive acoustic measurements were acquired with a phased microphone array system. Computed beamform maps were used to examine the effectiveness of the tested technologies in reducing the strength of the noise sources generated by the main landing gear. Various integration regions were devised to extract the farfield noise spectra associated with the treated and untreated landing gear configurations. Analyses of the gathered acoustic data demonstrate that significant noise reduction was achieved. How- ever, the full noise reduction potential of the technologies could not be determined because of contamination from flap inboard edge noise and other secondary sources
Results of winglet development studies for DC-10 derivatives
The results of investigations into the application of winglets to the DC-10 aircraft are presented. The DC-10 winglet configuration was developed and its cruise performance determined in a previous investigation. This study included high speed and low speed wind tunnel tests to evaluate aerodynamic characteristics, and a subsonic flutter wind tunnel test with accompanying analysis and evaluation of results. Additionally, a configuration integration study employed the results of the wind tunnel studies to determine the overall impact of the installation of winglets on the DC-10 aircraft. Conclusions derived from the high speed and low speed tests indicate that the winglets had no significant effects on the DC-10 stability characteristics or high speed buffet. It was determined that winglets had a minimal effect on aircraft lift characteristics and improved the low speed aircraft drag under high lift conditions. The winglets affected the DC-10 flutter characteristics by reducing the flutter speed of the basic critical mode and introducing a new critical mode involving outer wing torsion and longitudinal bending. The overall impact of winglets was determined to be of sufficient benefit to merit flight evaluation
On two theorems for flat, affine group schemes over a discrete valuation ring
We include short and elementary proofs of two theorems characterizing
reductive group schemes over a discrete valuation ring, in a slightly more
general context.Comment: 10 pages. To appear in C. E. J.
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