The Effect of Including eHealth in Dietary Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes with Overweight or Obesity:A Systematic Review

eHealth has a growing impact on the delivery of healthcare, making health systems more efficient. This study examined the effect of dietary interventions using eHealth compared to face-to-face contact in patients with (pre-) type 2 diabetes (T2D) and who are overweight/obese. Literature databases were searched upon November 2022. Inclusion criteria: randomized controlled trial; duration ≥ 6 months; involving dietary interventions; performed in adults with (pre-) T2D and who are overweight/obese; using eHealth compared to face-to-face contact; and report outcomes on weight loss, glycemic regulation, and/or cost-effectiveness. Selection of articles was performed manually and using ASReviewLab. Fifteen studies were included for data extraction, investigating a wide variety of eHealth interventions. Seven studies reporting on weight loss showed a significant between-group difference (−1.18 to −5.5 kg); five studies showed a trend in favor of the eHealth programs. Eleven studies reported on HbA1c; three found a significant between-group difference (−0.23 to −0.70%) in favor of the eHealth programs and six studies showed non-significant improvements. Interaction with healthcare professionals led to better results of the dietary interventions. Two studies reported incomplete data on cost-effectiveness. In conclusion, eHealth shows better results of dietary interventions in (pre-) T2D patients compared to face-to-face, especially when combined with interaction with healthcare professionals.</p

Electromagnetic isoscalar rho-pi-gamma exchange current and the anomalous action

Using modern data, we first refit constants needed to complete an anomalous pi-rho-omega-a_1 Lagrangian obtained within the approach of hidden local symmetries. Then we derive from this Lagrangian electromagnetic isoscalar rho-pi-gamma and rho-a_1-gamma currents needed in calculations of the deuteron electromagnetic form factors at large momentum transfers.Comment: 16 pages, 1 figure, Latex, feynman, submitted to Nucl. Phys.

The Fueling and Evolution of AGN: Internal and External Triggers

In this chapter, I review the fueling and evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGN) under the influence of internal and external triggers, namely intrinsic properties of host galaxies (morphological or Hubble type, color, presence of bars and other non-axisymmetric features, etc) and external factors such as environment and interactions. The most daunting challenge in fueling AGN is arguably the angular momentum problem as even matter located at a radius of a few hundred pc must lose more than 99.99 % of its specific angular momentum before it is fit for consumption by a BH. I review mass accretion rates, angular momentum requirements, the effectiveness of different fueling mechanisms, and the growth and mass density of black BHs at different epochs. I discuss connections between the nuclear and larger-scale properties of AGN, both locally and at intermediate redshifts, outlining some recent results from the GEMS and GOODS HST surveys.Comment: Invited Review Chapter to appear in LNP Volume on "AGN Physics on All Scales", Chapter 6, in press. 40 pages, 12 figures. Typo in Eq 5 correcte

Some special features of forestry in Great Britain

Les conditions économiques et politiques de la Grande-Bretagne, l'histoire, l'organisation administrative donnent à la foresterie britannique certains des traits tout à fait particuliers et donc intéressants à connaître pour ses voisins. L'approche pragmatique des problèmes, les objectifs mêmes de la politique forestière avec la récente position prise quant à l'aliénation d'une surface restreinte de forêt et ses conséquences dans l'opinion, la formule de la Forestry Commission avec une seule administration sur le terrain, son statut particulier et l'intégration de la Recherche forestière sont des grandes caractéristiques assez différentes de la France. La promotion du reboisement et l'intervention de groupes financiers et de sociétés d'investissement, la sylviculture dynamique des futaies résineuses avec la controverse sur la mise précoce à distance des plantations, constituent des aspects techniques et économiques fort intéressants. Les modes d'aménagement et de planification, les contrats de vente, l'importance encore attachée à la rentabilité du capital, méritent réflexions de notre part.In Great Britain the economic and political background, as well as history and the administrative organization, have given forestry some characteristics which are quite unusual, and therefore of interest to neighbouring countries. Some of the ways in which it differs quite widely from France are in the pragmatic approach to problems, in the very objectives of forest policy — with the position recently adopted as regards the alienation of limited areas of forest and its effects on public opinion, and the Forestry Commission formula, with one single administration in the field, its own legal constitution, and the integration of forest research. Technical and economic aspects that are of great interest include the way in which reforestation is promoted and the part played by financial groups and investment companies, and the dynamic silviculture of the conifer stands, with the controversial early spacing of the plantations. Management and planning methods, sales contracts, and the importance still attached to getting a return on capital all give us something to think about

Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation for Stroke Recovery: A Novel Deep Brain Stimulation Approach for Neurorehabilitation?

Stroke as the leading cause of adult long-term disability and has a significant impact on patients, society and socio-economics. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) approaches such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) are considered as potential therapeutic options to enhance functional reorganization and augment the effects of neurorehabilitation. However, non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation paradigms are limited by their depth focality trade-off function that does not allow to target deep key brain structures critically important for recovery processes. Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is an emerging approach for non-invasive deep brain neuromodulation. Using non-ionizing, ultrasonic waves with millimeter-accuracy spatial resolution, excellent steering capacity and long penetration depth, TUS has the potential to serve as a novel non-invasive deep brain stimulation method to establish unprecedented neuromodulation and novel neurorehabilitation protocols. The purpose of the present review is to provide an overview on the current knowledge about the neuromodulatory effects of TUS while discussing the potential of TUS in the field of stroke recovery, with respect to existing NIBS methods. We will address and discuss critically crucial open questions and remaining challenges that need to be addressed before establishing TUS as a new clinical neurorehabilitation approach for motor stroke recovery