Infección por Helicobacter pylori en pacientes atendidos en consulta de Gastroenterología

Introduction: helicobacter pylori infection constitutes the chronic infection most widely spread amongst the human race. Objective: to determine the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients who attended the Gastroenterology office. Method: a descriptive observational study was performed with a universe of 240 patients with Helicobacter pylori determined by Ziehl Neelsen basic fuchsine staining, while the sample was confirmed by 204 patients tested positive to that test. The considered variables were age, sex, histological diagnosis, clinical symptoms, and clinical history following the specific treatment of Helicobacter pylori.  Frequencies distribution was used as a statistical analysis technique. Results: Helicobacter pylori infection, in the 85 % of the studies cases, with a predominance of the male sex, being chronic gastritis with 63,7% the gastric disorder more associated with the infection, while epigastric pain was the most frequent symptom and 44,6 % of the cases had a unsatisfactory evolution. Conclusions: a high percentage of Helicobacter pylori infection was obtained.Introducción: la infección por Helicobacter pylori constituye la infección crónica más extensamente difundida en la especie humana. Objetivo: determinar las características clínico epidemiológicas de infección por Helicobacter pylori en pacientes atendidos en consulta de Gastroenterología. Material y método: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo conformado por un universo de 240 pacientes con determinaci ón de Helicobacter pylori por coloración de fucsina básica de Ziehl Neelsen y la muestra la integraron 204 pacientes positivos a dicho examen. Las variables a considerar fueron: la edad, el sexo, diagnóstico histológico, síntomas clínicos y la evolución clínica posterior al tratamiento específico para Helicobacter pylori. Se utilizó la técnica estadística de análisis de distribución de frecuencias. Resultados: la infección por Helicobacter pylori en el 85 % de los casos estudiados con predominio del sexo masculino, siendo la gastritis crónica con 63,7% la alteración gástrica que más se asoció a la infección, la epigastralgia fue el síntoma más frecuente y el 44,6 % de los casos evolucionaron de forma no satisfactoria. Conclusiones: se obtuvo un alto por ciento de infección por Helicobacter pylori

Helicobacter pylori infection in patients who attended the gastroenterology office

Introducción: la infección por Helicobacter pylori constituye la infección crónica más extensamente difundida en la especie humana. Objetivo: determinar las características clínico epidemiológicas de infección por Helicobacter pylori en pacientes atendidos en consulta de Gastroenterología. Material y método: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo conformado por un universo de 240 pacientes con determinaci ón de Helicobacter pylori por coloración de fucsina básica de Ziehl Neelsen y la muestra la integraron 204 pacientes positivos a dicho examen. Las variables a considerar fueron: la edad, el sexo, diagnóstico histológico, síntomas clínicos y la evolución clínica posterior al tratamiento específico para Helicobacter pylori. Se utilizó la técnica estadística de análisis de distribución de frecuencias. Resultados: la infección por Helicobacter pylori en el 85 % de los casos estudiados con predominio del sexo masculino, siendo la gastritis crónica con 63,7% la alteración gástrica que más se asoció a la infección, la epigastralgia fue el síntoma más frecuente y el 44,6 % de los casos evolucionaron de forma no satisfactoria. Conclusiones: se obtuvo un alto por ciento de infección por Helicobacter pylori.Introduction: helicobacter pylori infection constitutes the chronic infection most widely spread amongst the human race. Objective: to determine the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients who attended the Gastroenterology office. Method: a descriptive observational study was performed with a universe of 240 patients with Helicobacter pylori determined by Ziehl Neelsen basic fuchsine staining, while the sample was confirmed by 204 patients tested positive to that test. The considered variables were age, sex, histological diagnosis, clinical symptoms, and clinical history following the specific treatment of Helicobacter pylori.  Frequencies distribution was used as a statistical analysis technique. Results: Helicobacter pylori infection, in the 85 % of the studies cases, with a predominance of the male sex, being chronic gastritis with 63,7% the gastric disorder more associated with the infection, while epigastric pain was the most frequent symptom and 44,6 % of the cases had a unsatisfactory evolution. Conclusions: a high percentage of Helicobacter pylori infection was obtained

Absceso hepático amebiano, presentación atípica

Introduction: amoebic hepatic abscess is the extraintestinal manifestation of an infection by entamoeba histolytica. Estimations are made that 10% of the world population has been infected by the parasite, being more frequent in tropical regions, where overcrowding and bad sanitary conditions occur. Africa, Latin America, Southeast Asian and India have considerable health problems, resulting from this disease. In Cuba amebiasis has been proved not to be one of the most frequent parasitism cases. Case presentation: male patient of age 48 years and of Indian nationality, presenting clinical findings, which proves a unique lesion in the right liver lobule, diagnosed by ultrasound scan and nuclear magnetic resonance. The presence is confirmed of serum antibodies against entamoeba histolytica. Treatment with metronidazole produced clinical and radiological improvement. Conclusions: atypical clinical presentation constitutes a remarkable element worthy considered in daily clinical practice.Introducción: el absceso hepático amebiano es la manifestación extraintestinal más frecuente de la infección por entoameba histolytica, se calcula que el 10% de la población mundial esta infestada por el parasito, siendo más frecuente en países tropicales, donde hay situaciones de hacinamiento y malas condiciones sanitarias. África, Latinoamérica, el Sudeste Asiático y la India tienen problemas de salud considerables a raíz de esta enfermedad, en Cuba se ha comprobado que la amebiasis no constituye uno de los parasitismos más frecuentes. Presentación de caso: paciente masculino de 48 años de edad y de nacionalidad India, que presenta (hallazgos clínicos) demostrándose lesión única en lóbulo hepático derecho, diagnosticado por ecografía y resonancia magnética nuclear, confirmándose la presencia de anticuerpos séricopara entoameba histolytica. El tratamiento con metronidazol produce mejora clínica y radiológica. Conclusiones: la presentación clínica atípica constituye un elemento destacable y que amerita ser considerada en la práctica clínica diaria

Absceso hepático amebiano, presentación atípica

Introduction: amoebic hepatic abscess is the extraintestinal manifestation of an infection by entamoeba histolytica. Estimations are made that 10% of the world population has been infected by the parasite, being more frequent in tropical regions, where overcrowding and bad sanitary conditions occur. Africa, Latin America, Southeast Asian and India have considerable health problems, resulting from this disease. In Cuba amebiasis has been proved not to be one of the most frequent parasitism cases. Case presentation: male patient of age 48 years and of Indian nationality, presenting clinical findings, which proves a unique lesion in the right liver lobule, diagnosed by ultrasound scan and nuclear magnetic resonance. The presence is confirmed of serum antibodies against entamoeba histolytica. Treatment with metronidazole produced clinical and radiological improvement. Conclusions: atypical clinical presentation constitutes a remarkable element worthy considered in daily clinical practice.Introducción: el absceso hepático amebiano es la manifestación extraintestinal más frecuente de la infección por entoameba histolytica, se calcula que el 10% de la población mundial esta infestada por el parasito, siendo más frecuente en países tropicales, donde hay situaciones de hacinamiento y malas condiciones sanitarias. África, Latinoamérica, el Sudeste Asiático y la India tienen problemas de salud considerables a raíz de esta enfermedad, en Cuba se ha comprobado que la amebiasis no constituye uno de los parasitismos más frecuentes. Presentación de caso: paciente masculino de 48 años de edad y de nacionalidad India, que presenta (hallazgos clínicos) demostrándose lesión única en lóbulo hepático derecho, diagnosticado por ecografía y resonancia magnética nuclear, confirmándose la presencia de anticuerpos séricopara entoameba histolytica. El tratamiento con metronidazol produce mejora clínica y radiológica. Conclusiones: la presentación clínica atípica constituye un elemento destacable y que amerita ser considerada en la práctica clínica diaria

Effectiveness of a multidimensional approach for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in adult intensive care units from 14 developing countries of four continents: findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium

3121-8Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium's multidimensional approach on the reduction of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients hospitalized in intensive care units. Design: A prospective active surveillance before-after study. The study was divided into two phases. During phase 1, the infection control team at each intensive care unit conducted active prospective surveillance of ventilator-associated pneumonia by applying the definitions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Health Safety Network, and the methodology of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium. During phase 2, the multidimensional approach for ventilator-associated pneumonia was implemented at each intensive care unit, in addition to the active surveillance. Setting: Forty-four adult intensive care units in 38 hospitals, members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium, from 31 cities of the following 14 developing countries: Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, India, Lebanon, Macedonia, Mexico, Morocco, Panama, Peru, and Turkey. Patients: A total of 55,507 adult patients admitted to 44 intensive care units in 38 hospitals. Interventions: The International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium ventilator-associated pneumonia multidimensional approach included the following measures: 1) bundle of infection-control interventions; 2) education; 3) outcome surveillance; 4) process surveillance; 5) feedback of ventilator-associated pneumonia rates; and 6) performance feedback of infection-control practices. Measurements: The ventilator-associated pneumonia rates obtained in phase 1 were compared with the rates obtained in phase 2. We performed a time-series analysis to analyze the impact of our intervention. Main result: During phase 1, we recorded 10,292 mechanical ventilator days, and during phase 2, with the implementation of the multidimensional approach, we recorded 127,374 mechanical ventilator days. The rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was 22.0 per 1,000 mechanical ventilator days during phase 1, and 17.2 per 1,000 mechanical ventilator days during phase 2.The adjusted model of linear trend shows a 55.83% reduction in the rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia at the end of the study period; that is, the ventilator-associated pneumonia rate was 55.83% lower than it was at the beginning of the study. Conclusion: The implementation the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium multidimensional approach for ventilator-associated pneumonia was associated with a significant reduction in the ventilator-associated pneumonia rate in the adult intensive care units setting of developing countries

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium report, datasummary of 50 countries for 2010-2015 : Device-associated module

Q3Artículo original1495-1504Background: We report the results of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) sur-veillance study from January 2010-December 2015 in 703 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America,Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific.Methods:During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Health-care Safety Network (CDC-NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 861,284 patients hospitalized in INICC hospital ICUs for an aggregateof 3,506,562 days.Results:Although device use in INICC ICUs was similar to that reported from CDC-NHSN ICUs, DA-HAIrates were higher in the INICC ICUs: in the INICC medical-surgical ICUs, the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection, 4.1 per 1,000 central line-days, was nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.8per 1,000 central line-days reported from comparable US ICUs, the overall rate of ventilator-associatedpneumonia was also higher, 13.1 versus 0.9 per 1,000 ventilator-days, as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection, 5.07 versus 1.7 per 1,000 catheter-days. From blood cultures samples,frequencies of resistance ofPseudomonasisolates to amikacin (29.87% vs 10%) and to imipenem (44.3%vs 26.1%), and ofKlebsiella pneumoniaeisolates to ceftazidime (73.2% vs 28.8%) and to imipenem (43.27%vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC ICUs compared with CDC-NHSN ICUs.Conclusions:Although DA-HAIs in INICC ICU patients continue to be higher than the rates reported inCDC-NSHN ICUs representing the developed world, we have observed a significant trend toward the re-duction of DA-HAI rates in INICC ICUs as shown in each international report. It is INICC’s main goal tocontinue facilitating education, training, and basic and cost-effective tools and resources, such as stan-dardized forms and an online platform, to tackle this problem effectively and systematically