The Theory Basis on Location Choice in FDI of the Multinational Enterprise

fundamentally speaking, when all multinational enterprises invest directly abroad, choosing which country or area to invest depends on the judgment of anticipated benefits or anticipated net profits, the country or area which has high anticipated benefits will become the investment location. When making the location choice of FDI specifically, multinational enterprise needs to consider three aspects that include the motivation of direct-target layer of FDI, the competitive force condition of enterprise’s FDI, and all kinds of investment environment factors of investing-target country or area. Key words: multinational enterprise, FDI(foreign direct investment), location choice Résumé: D’une manière générale, toutes les entreprises transnationales, en s’investisssant à l’étranger, choisissent le lieu selon leur appréciation sur le bénéfice net prévu. Le pays ou la région où on prévoit le plus grand bénéfice net serait élu pour le lieu d’investissement. Dans l’application concrète, l’entreprise doit considérer synthétiquement les trois facteurs suivants : les mobiles au niveau de l’objectif direct, la compétitivité d’investissement direct de l’entreprise et l’environnement d’investissement du pays ou région cible. Mots-Clés: entreprise transnationale, investissement direct à l’étranger, choix géographiqu

The Competitive Force of FDI and its Elements

The paper provides the new concept----the competitive force of FDI, analyses its characters and elaborates its elements. It demonstrates the elements of the competitive force of FDI as a whole which put an effect on FDI. Only if enterprises own the competitive force of FDI, they can carry on FDI and get the profits. Key words: enterprise, competitive force of FDI, element Résumé: Cet essai met en avant le nouveau concept de la compétitivité de l’investissement direct vers l’extérieur de l’entreprise, analyse ses caractéristiques, traite ses facteurs constituants. Enfin il indique que ses facteurs, en tant qu’une unité, agit sur les activités d’investissement direct vers l’extérieur de l’entreprise et que l’entreprise ne peut investir directement vers l’extérieur et obtenir les résultats espérés qu’en se dotant de cette compétitivité. Mots-Clés: entreprise, compétitivité de l’investissement direct vers l’extérieur, facteurs constituant

Function annotation of hepatic retinoid x receptor α based on genome-wide DNA binding and transcriptome profiling.

BackgroundRetinoid x receptor α (RXRα) is abundantly expressed in the liver and is essential for the function of other nuclear receptors. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and mRNA profiling data generated from wild type and RXRα-null mouse livers, the current study identifies the bona-fide hepatic RXRα targets and biological pathways. In addition, based on binding and motif analysis, the molecular mechanism by which RXRα regulates hepatic genes is elucidated in a high-throughput manner.Principal findingsClose to 80% of hepatic expressed genes were bound by RXRα, while 16% were expressed in an RXRα-dependent manner. Motif analysis predicted direct repeat with a spacer of one nucleotide as the most prevalent RXRα binding site. Many of the 500 strongest binding motifs overlapped with the binding motif of specific protein 1. Biological functional analysis of RXRα-dependent genes revealed that hepatic RXRα deficiency mainly resulted in up-regulation of steroid and cholesterol biosynthesis-related genes and down-regulation of translation- as well as anti-apoptosis-related genes. Furthermore, RXRα bound to many genes that encode nuclear receptors and their cofactors suggesting the central role of RXRα in regulating nuclear receptor-mediated pathways.ConclusionsThis study establishes the relationship between RXRα DNA binding and hepatic gene expression. RXRα binds extensively to the mouse genome. However, DNA binding does not necessarily affect the basal mRNA level. In addition to metabolism, RXRα dictates the expression of genes that regulate RNA processing, translation, and protein folding illustrating the novel roles of hepatic RXRα in post-transcriptional regulation

BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE POWER SERVE OF FEMALE TENNIS PLAYERS

The purpose of this study was to obtain and analyze the kinetic characteristics of the power serve in tennis and to jUdge whether or not the subjects' skills were reasonable. This in turn would provide a theoretical reference of the theory and training of the tennis power serve. Three-dimensional (3-D) videography was used to record the tennis service action of eight female tennis players. The analysis suggested that the theory of "whiplash movement" can be applied in the analysis of this performance. Quality and effectiveness of racket-swing action are decided directly by increased velocity and timing in successive segments from lower to upper. Some indexes were provided to evaluate the actions of the tennis power serve. Some suggestions were made to players for improvement in their performance

Canonical interpretation of Y(10750)Y(10750) and Υ(10860)\Upsilon(10860) in the Υ\Upsilon family

Inspired by the new resonance $Y(10750)$, we calculate the masses and two-body OZI-allowed strong decays of the higher vector bottomonium sates within both screened and linear potential models. We discuss the possibilities of $\Upsilon(10860)$ and $Y(10750)$ as mixed states via the $S-D$ mixing. Our results suggest that $Y(10750)$ and $\Upsilon(10860)$ might be explained as mixed states between $5S$- and $4D$-wave vector $b\bar{b}$ states. The $Y(10750)$ and $\Upsilon(10860)$ resonances may correspond to the mixed states dominated by the $4D$- and $5S$-wave components, respectively. The mass and the strong decay behaviors of the $\Upsilon(11020)$ resonance are consistent with the assignment of the $\Upsilon(6S)$ state in the potential models.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures. More discussions are adde

A Critical Analysis of Culture-led Urban Regeneration Policy in Taipei and Beyond

This thesis critically and empirically investigates Taipei city’s creative and culture-led urban regeneration policies (CCURP) in recent decades to better understand how creative culture-led urban regeneration policies are generated and fixed into the city’s local context. This research challenges and complements the existing research on CCURP, policy movements (policy mobilities), and gentrification and adds empirical richness to a body of work which is generally overly theoretical, focused on a small lexicon of places and in most cases lacking in in-depth and systematic empirical examination of the causalities (among policy interventions, social impacts, and influential factors) in diverse contexts and in places ‘off the map’. A qualitative approach is adopted with an intensive case study of one CCUR policy, the Urban Regeneration Station scheme focusing on Dihua Street but also covering other areas in the city. Based on empirical data derived from in-depth interviews, analysis of documents, and observation, this thesis reveals that local complex, dynamic and yet intertwined issues of political and economic change, active civil society and global knowledge flow explain the emergence of this and other CCURP in Taipei. In concrete, this work addresses the issues of CCURP from three observation points to shed light on their move from elsewhere in the world to Taipei, the factors shaping them in the local context and their social impact on a local community. Firstly, it focuses on policy mobilities closely examining paths, learning schemes and intermediaries. It argues that the city’s CCURP are highly associated with global knowledge flows and that local planning elites are key actors in knowledge filtering and policy making, thus resulting in an incomplete and uneven learning process. Secondly, through an analysis of from policy objectives, processes, categories and policy discourse, it argues that the URS scheme is a highly localised and contested CCUR policy hiding a less precise and more haphazard executive process. Finally, it argues that CCURP have dominated the city’s redevelopment direction combining with commercial and aesthetic forces to produce a mixed type of state-led commercial aesthetic gentrification

Tetrakis[μ-3-(3-pyridyl)acrylato-κ2 O:O′]bis{(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)[3-(3-pyridyl)acrylato-κ2 O,O′]europium(III)} pentahydrate

The europiumIII ion in the title compound, [Eu2(C8H6NO2)6(C12H8N2)2]·5H2O, is coordinated by seven carboxyl­ate O atoms and two N atoms from one phenanthroline mol­ecule. The carboxyl­ate groups of 3-(3-pyrid­yl)acrylate link pairs of europium(III) ions, forming centrosymmetric dinuclear units, which further assemble into a sheet parallel to the (001) plane through hydrogen-bonding inter­actions involving the uncoordinated water mol­ecules. One water molecule is disordered