A Comparative Clinical Study to evaluate the effect of Haritaki Churna and Amalaki Churna in Pandu (Iron Deficiency Anemia)

Pandu is a Pitta Pradhana Tridoshaja Vyadhi producing Pandutva or Pandu Varna in Mukha, Nayana, Asya and Mutra. Alpa Rakthata, Vaivarnaya, Agni Mandhya, Ojokshaya and Balahani are other symptoms. It affects people of all ages irrespective of sex. Haritaki Churna and Amalaki Churna are having Deepana, Pachana, Varnya, Tridosha Shamaka, Raktha Vardhaka, Rasayana and Ojovardhaka properties which helps in Samprapti Vighatana of Pandu Roga. This study is an attempt to clinically analyze the independent effect of Haritaki Churna and Amalaki Churna in Pandu Roga.This study is a single blind comparative clinical study conducted on 60 subjects divided randomly in two groups. They were reviewed at an interval of 15 days for 1 month. Haritaki Churna was given at a dose of 1.5g. twice a day with Madhu before food. Amalaki Churna was given at a dose of 1.5g. twice a day with Madhu before food. The Patients were assessed with severity of symptoms subjectively and objectively before and after treatment. Data from each group were statistically analyzed and compared. Both the group showed marked results but Amalaki Churna is slightly significant then the Haritaki Churna in the management of Pandu (IDA). The study shows that both Haritaki Churna and Amalaki Churna are effective in relieving the symptoms of Pandu Roga. Haritaki Churna was effective in subjective parameter like Pandutva, Arohanayasa, Shrama, Aruchi, Bhrama, Daurbalya, Hairfall, Bodyache, Glossitis, Hb%, RBC, and Sr.Ferritin. Amalaki Churna was effective in conditions like Pandutva, Arohanayasa, Aruchi, Shrama, Karna Ksweda, Daurbalya, Hairfall, Bodyache, Hb% PCV, Sr.Iron and TIBC

No-Load and Load Tests on 3 Phase Induction Motors used in Irrigation Pumping with Balanced and Unbalanced Supply

Agriculture is the major ocupation in villages and is backbone of India, where irrigated agriculture sector plays an important role in economic development and poverty alleviation of the nation. About 75% of present population of India obtains its livelyhood from the same. Iirrigation is harnessing of water resources for the crops by using motor pumps. Usually wells, tanks, perennial canal and multipurpose river valley projects are worked out. As electrical motors are very affordable and cheaper they are the usual choice to drive pumps. Due to the variation in supply to the pump motor the expected performance is not achieved and lead to variation in machine parameters. The operation of 3 phase motor on single phase supply leads to negative effects like overheating, insulation failure, torque pulsation, de rating and reduction in efficiency. In spite of these adverse effects on motor and irrigation power supply feeder, it is observed that farmers run their 3 phase motor on reduced voltage condition using capacitor splitter and other such. A study of operation of 3 phase motor on no-load and load is performed with balanced and unbalanced voltage condition. Simulation is performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK package for the comparison and justification

Microcontroller based Bidirectional Energy Metering for Domestic User

The present energy scenario is greatly alarming the energy consumers to conserve as fossil fuels are going to deplete shortly. In this regard the renewable energy systems are really gaining momentum. Solar and wind roof top fittings are becoming popular choice for the domestic user based on their financial affordability. Solar panels generate energy to power a building’s electrical systems. In most cases, builders acknowledge that the solar panels installed on the roof will not always be sufficient for the building’s electrical needs, so the building is also connected to the main utility grid. However, sometimes during clear days the solar panels generate surplus power beyond the needs of the building. At these times, the surplus power is exported into the main utility grid. Most utility companies offer credits to buildings that export power in this manner. “Bi-directional Meter” means a consumer meter for measuring, indicating and recording quanta of electricity flowing in opposite directions (export to the licensee’s distribution system and import by the consumer from distribution system) in Kwh including any other quantity as per the requirement. Net metering / bidirectional metering record both import and export energy values giving prime focus on utilizing self produced electricity by renewable energy sources and excess or surplus to be  sold to utilities or grid. It results into reduction of electricity bills. Solar photovoltaic system is used significantly in net metering. The design of microcontroller based bidirectional energy meter is low cost, affordable to consumer for domestic application and efficient. The current work focusses on the development of one of the type of bidirectional metering which accounts the net usage, export and the monetory exchange. The intelligent controller makes use of the measuring setup and controls all the major activities of the proposed work

Solar Energy a Promising Source for E-Vehicles

The demand and availability of energy is growing day by day in the whole world. Renewable energy resources will play an important role in the future as the conventional energy sources like coal and petroleum are limited and declining. In the present situation, energy crisis is an important very critical problem hence necessary to address. Basically, it is to verify the availability to increase the generation or to install additional generators. Alternatively, load management known as demand side management (DSM) strategy must be adopted. In thecurrent scenario, the uses of fossil fuel for the domestic transport are rapidly increasing and indicate the threat in the near future. The adverse effects of the practice of such vehicles and means leads to the environment pollution and health issues related to the living habitats. In line with this the upcoming mode of transport is E-vehicles keeping concerned about the environment pollution. The drawback of this mode of transport is the use of electric energy for the propulsion and going to create additional burden on the existing power system setup and infrastructure. But the use of power electronics and controls in Electric vehicles (EVs) along with latest technologies is fostering and supporting the green transportation systems.E-Vehicle charger is the role player in reducing the dependence on fossil fuels and is the natural evolution of our energy infrastructure significantly. Consumer incentives are also important to make the purchase of an electric vehicle and home fast-charging station moreaffordable and attractive. To address this issue most of the developed countries have taken up an initiative to extract solar photovoltaic conversion systems to store and transfer to the grid.The present rate of use of E-vehicles is 70% compared to the earlier decade. From the perspective of solar energy basically, it is extracted as either heat or light energy. But the storage system is the bottle neck issue in this regard due to technical, economic barriers and challenges. The power electronics interfaces male E-vehicle battery to get charged from thegrid if there is no source solar energy known as grid to vehicle (G2V). The other mode is to transfer the stored energy from the storage battery to grid (V2G) as and when grid finds the deficit of energy to meet its loads. Then the solar PV systems installed on the roof top of the vehicle generate the electricity and is used for their operation by the battery support.Therefore, the E-vehicles fitted with solar PV panels can even transfer electricity to the grid (V2G). Hence, the suitable design and implementation can prove the solar photovoltaic source as a promising source for such E vehicle application in the very near future. Thiscreates an opportunity to the engineers and enterprises

Plasmonics: A Path to Replace Electronics and Photonics by Scalable Ultra-fast Technology

Semiconductor devices, circuits, and components are dependent upon miniaturization for transporting huge amounts of data at a high speed these provide the ability to control the transport and storage of electrons. Current communication systems are based on either electrons or photonics. These modern electronic devices for information processing and sensing are functioning almost close to their fundamental speed and bandwidth limitations which a serious problem. The performance of electronic circuits, as well as photonics, is now becoming rather limited when digital information needs to be sent from one point to another. Plasmonics is a new technology a kind of photonics-based on surface plasmons viable. Surface plasmons are a way of guiding light. Surface Plasmon (SP) based circuits, which merge electronics and photonics at the nanoscale, may offer a solution to the size-compatibility problem. Optical fiber communication (OFC) is a well-known light enabled information transmission mechanism communicates very effectively over large distance. Surface plasmons, on the other hand, can guide light only over distances of tens or hundreds of microns. Surface plasmons are the electromagnetic (optical) waves get generated from the interaction between light and the mobile conduction electrons on the surface of a metal. The surface plasmons created by the interaction of light near the surface possess unique advantages like the high speed of communication which is very essential for the current generation of electrical and medical fields

ENERGY AUDIT AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN THE SUGAR INDUSTRY

Energy audit plays a vital role in deciding energy conservation practices. The systematic and scientific way of use of electrical energy is guaranteed. Electricity is playing a crucial role in everybody’s life alternatively, energy usage index indicate the country’s economy, growth and standard of living. In contrast to this increasing energy demands and prices are alarming greatly and retarding overall growth. Energy audit provides a solution to reduce the consumption of energy. Energy audit is the beginning of energy management program which report the possible opportunities. The energy audit projects the possible conservation opportunities in enhancing the energy efficiency of the system considering and not limited to electrical, thermal and other areas of a system where energy is involved. About 35 to 45 % of conservation potential in the existing industrial sector is noticed. This clearly brings out the need for efficient machines and mechanisms to be manufactured to reduce the burden on the energy systems when in service considering the cost and efficiency

A Comparative Study of Dust Cleaning Methods for the Solar PV Panels

The present energy consumption scenario is clearly showing the faster depletion of fossil fuel reserves. On the other hand, energy usage index indicates the state of growth of a country.  The use of renewable energy sources like solar PV, wind and such alternatives has increased in the recent years. Considerable loss in conversion efficiency of solar PV system has been noticed due to non-availability of proper insolation and accumulation of dust particles on the panels or shading. A comparative study of various cleaning methods of solar panels has been done in this article with emphasis on innovative idea of separation of dust by electrostatic precipitator (ESP).  Electrostatic precipitators uses static electricity to remove the dust from the panel by applying energy only to the particular matter being collected and therefore is very efficient in its applications unlike conventional cleaning.  This increases the solar panels insolation absorption ability. The weight sensor continuously monitor the weight of the dust on the panel and Arduino controller gives the command to clean the dust when defined feedback is received from the sensors. Electrostatic precipitators work by ionizing the dust on the surface area of solar panel and forcing dirt particles   towards the electrodes which are like electrical terminals. The first electrode is charged to a very high negative voltage and other to the positive. The positively charged electrode collects the dust particles.  The particles attached to the positively charged plates are expelled or removed periodically to keep the panel dust free either manually or automatically

Password Based Distribution Panel and Circuit Breaker Operation for the Safety of Lineman during Maintenance Work

Security is the prime concern in our day to day life while performing any activity. In the current scenario, accidental death of lineman is often read and evidenced. In this direction, a safety measure to safe guard the operator is found very necessary looking into the present working style. The electric lineman safety system is designed to control the control panel doors and circuit breaker by using a password for the safety. Critical electrical accidents to lineman are on the rise during electric line repair may be due to lack of communication and co-ordination between the maintenance staff and electric substation staff. The proposed system provides a solution that ensures safety of lineman. The control to turn ON or OFF the line is maintained by the lineman. The system has an arrangement such that a password is required to operate the doors of the control panel and circuit breaker (ON/OFF). A secured password is requested and received from the control room by the lineman for the point of repair or service. This request is registered and a password is sent to the lineman’s mobile and control panel GSM module for the further work. The password is entered through the matrix keypad which is interfaced to the Arduino Uno microcontroller. The entered password is compared with the password received by the control panel GSM receiver. If the entered password is correct then the circuit breaker ON/OFF and door OPEN/CLOSE feature is enabled for the lineman to take up repair. Any intruder tries to operate the mechanism with the wrong password by three times it will display a message in the LCD display and a message is sent to the control room regarding unauthorized accessing of the system for the safety reasons