Study of Teaching Model based on Cooperative Learning

Cooperative learning is a popular teaching method now in the world. This paper first discusses the teaching model based on cooperative learning, then analyzes the advantages of cooperative learning and at last proposes the steps of carrying out cooperative learning. It is necessary to introduce the teaching model based on cooperative learning into the teaching for training software talents of China.Key words: Cooperative Learning; Training Model; Teaching Refor

Long-rang Correlation for USD/EUR based on Semi-parametric Estimation

This paper chooses closing price return rate series of EUR/USD to study. Sample interval covers from 22th July 2005 to 15th Sep 2008(before the financial crisis) and from 16th September 2008 to 19th May 2010(after the financial crisis).The author put forward semi-parameter estimation methods (Standard GPH Method, Tapered GPH Method), and concluded through comparable analysis that: In the conditions of V using T0.5、T0.525、T0.55、T0.575、T0.6 samples, standard GPH and tapered GPH tests are adopted. The results show that Fractal dimension parameter d is significantly greater than 0 and the statistics are more than critical value of 1% level before financial crisis both EUR/USD. After financial crisis, the parameter has become smaller than that before financial crisis, which is near 0 significantly. In the long term, there is no trend or structural breaks in the exchange market. This study's conclusion was that long-term memory exists in daily return time series of EUR/USD become smaller after financial crisis. Key words: EUR/USD; semi-parameter estimation methods; financial crisi

Simultaneous profiling of transcriptome and DNA methylome from a single cell.

BackgroundSingle-cell transcriptome and single-cell methylome technologies have become powerful tools to study RNA and DNA methylation profiles of single cells at a genome-wide scale. A major challenge has been to understand the direct correlation of DNA methylation and gene expression within single-cells. Due to large cell-to-cell variability and the lack of direct measurements of transcriptome and methylome of the same cell, the association is still unclear.ResultsHere, we describe a novel method (scMT-seq) that simultaneously profiles both DNA methylome and transcriptome from the same cell. In sensory neurons, we consistently identify transcriptome and methylome heterogeneity among single cells but the majority of the expression variance is not explained by proximal promoter methylation, with the exception of genes that do not contain CpG islands. By contrast, gene body methylation is positively associated with gene expression for only those genes that contain a CpG island promoter. Furthermore, using single nucleotide polymorphism patterns from our hybrid mouse model, we also find positive correlation of allelic gene body methylation with allelic expression.ConclusionsOur method can be used to detect transcriptome, methylome, and single nucleotide polymorphism information within single cells to dissect the mechanisms of epigenetic gene regulation

Molten Carbonates as an Effective Oxygen Reduction Catalyst for 550–650°C Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

We report the first study that investigates the use of molten carbonates as an effective catalyst to promote electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode of intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). A series of binary Li-K carbonate compositions were incorporated into the porous backbones of a commercial cathode assembled in symmetrical impedance cells for electrochemical characterization. Within the temperature range of 550–650◦C, we observed that the polarization and ohmic area-specific resistances of the original sample can be significantly reduced by the introduction of molten carbonates. A new ORR charge-transfer model involving two intermediate species CO5 2− and CO4 2− as the fast oxygen absorber and transporter, respectively, was presented as the mechanism for the facile ORR kinetics promoted by molten carbonates

Promoting Electrocatalytic Activity of a Composite SOFC Cathode La\u3csub\u3e0.8\u3c/sub\u3eSr\u3csub\u3e0.2\u3c/sub\u3eMnO\u3csub\u3e3+δ\u3c/sub\u3e/Ce\u3csub\u3e0.8\u3c/sub\u3eGd\u3csub\u3e0.2\u3c/sub\u3eO\u3csub\u3e2-δ\u3c/sub\u3e with Molten Carbonates

The effect of molten carbonates (MCs) on polarization resistance (RP), a direct measure of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, of a composite La0.8Sr0.2MnO3+δ/Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ (LSM/GDC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathode has been systematically investigated in this study over a temperature range of 550–650°C and partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) span of 10−3 ∼ 1 atm. It is shown that the LSM/GDC cathode, either in the pristine or MC-modified states, can be generally modeled by two consecutive parallel circuits consisting of a resistance and a constant phase element (CPE). The high-frequency RP(HF)//CPE(HF) component is related to a charge-transfer process, while the low-frequency RP(LF)//CPE(LF) counterpart is associated with a surface oxygen dissociative adsorption process. Incorporation of an adequate amount of MC significantly reduces RP(LF) by as much as a factor of 10. Studies on the dependence of RP on temperature and pO2 further reveal that the rate-limiting step of a LSM/GDC cathode has shifted from the original surface oxygen dissociative adsorption to the formation of an intermediate CO2 −4 species in the presence of MC

2-[(4,6-Dimeth­oxy­pyrimidin-2-yl)­oxy]benzaldehyde

In the title compound, C13H12N2O4, the dihedral angle between the benzene and pyrimidine rings is 55.57 (13)°. The carbonyl group and the two methoxyl groups are approximately coplanar with the benzene ring and pyrimidine ring; the C—C—C—O, C—O—C—N and C—O—C—C torsion angles being −6.1 (5), −4.8 (4) and 179.9 (3)°, respectively. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked via C—H⋯O inter­actions, forming chains propagating along [110]