39 research outputs found
AGG-Net: Attention Guided Gated-convolutional Network for Depth Image Completion
Recently, stereo vision based on lightweight RGBD cameras has been widely
used in various fields. However, limited by the imaging principles, the
commonly used RGB-D cameras based on TOF, structured light, or binocular vision
acquire some invalid data inevitably, such as weak reflection, boundary
shadows, and artifacts, which may bring adverse impacts to the follow-up work.
In this paper, we propose a new model for depth image completion based on the
Attention Guided Gated-convolutional Network (AGG-Net), through which more
accurate and reliable depth images can be obtained from the raw depth maps and
the corresponding RGB images. Our model employs a UNet-like architecture which
consists of two parallel branches of depth and color features. In the encoding
stage, an Attention Guided Gated-Convolution (AG-GConv) module is proposed to
realize the fusion of depth and color features at different scales, which can
effectively reduce the negative impacts of invalid depth data on the
reconstruction. In the decoding stage, an Attention Guided Skip Connection
(AG-SC) module is presented to avoid introducing too many depth-irrelevant
features to the reconstruction. The experimental results demonstrate that our
method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on the popular benchmarks
NYU-Depth V2, DIML, and SUN RGB-D.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, ICCV202
Original Article Hyperbaric spinal anesthesia with ropivacaine coadministered with sufentanil for cesarean delivery: a dose-response study
Abstract: Adjuvant sufentanil could achieve effective spinal anesthesia with low dose of hyperbaric ropivacaine for cesarean delivery. Two previous studies had calculated the 50% effective dose (ED50) of intrathecal ropivacaine coadministered with sufentanil for cesarean delivery. However, the 95% effective dose (ED95) of intrathecal hyperbaric ropivacaine coadministered with sufentanil for cesarean delivery remains uncertain. This study determined the ED95 of intrathecal hyperbaric ropivacaine coadministered with sufentanil for cesarean delivery. 80 ASA physical status I or II parturients undergoing elective cesarean delivery were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double-blind investigation. A combined spinal and epidural anesthesia was performed at the L3-L4 interspace. Patients received a dose of spinal ropivacaine coadministered with sufentanil 5 μg diluted to 3.0 ml with normal saline and 0.5 ml of 10% dextrose: 7.5 mg (n = 20), 9.0 mg (n = 20), 10.5 mg (n = 20), or 12 mg (n = 20). An effective dose was defined as a dose that provided bilateral sensory block to T7 within 10 min after intrathecal drug administration and required no epidural top-up for surgery to be completed. The ED50 and ED95 values for successful anesthesia were determined using a logistic regression model. The ED50 (95% confidence interval [CI]) for successful anesthesia was 8.4 (4.0-9.8) mg and the ED95 (95% CI) was 11.4 (9.7-13.9) mg. The results show that the ED95 of intrathecal hyperbaric ropivacaine coadministered with sufentanil 5 μg for cesarean delivery was 11.4 mg. The addition of sufentanil could significantly reduce the dosage of ropivacaine
High speed synchrotron X-ray imaging studies of the ultrasound shockwave and enhanced flow during metal solidification processes
The highly dynamic behaviour of ultrasonic bubble implosion in liquid metal, the multiphase liquid metal flow containing bubbles and particles, and the interaction between ultrasonic waves and semisolid phases during solidification of metal were studied in situ using the complementary ultrafast and high speed synchrotron X-ray imaging facilities housed respectively at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, US, and Diamond Light Source, UK. Real-time ultrafast X-ray imaging of 135,780 frames per second (fps) revealed that ultrasonic bubble implosion in a liquid Bi-8 wt. %Zn alloy can occur in a single wave period (30 kHz), and the effective region affected by the shockwave at implosion was 3.5 times the original bubble diameter. Furthermore, ultrasound bubbles in liquid metal move faster than the primary particles, and the velocity of bubbles is 70 ~ 100% higher than that of the primary particles present in the same locations close to the sonotrode. Ultrasound waves can very effectively create a strong swirling flow in a semisolid melt in less than one second. The energetic flow can detach solid particles from the liquid-solid interface and redistribute them back into the bulk liquid very effectively
A Comparative Study of Systolic and Diastolic Mechanical Synchrony in Canine, Primate, and Healthy and Failing Human Hearts.
Aim: Mechanical dyssynchrony (MD) is associated with heart failure (HF) and may be prognostically important in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Yet, little is known about its patterns in healthy or diseased hearts. We here investigate and compare systolic and diastolic MD in both right (RV) and left ventricles (LV) of canine, primate and healthy and failing human hearts. Methods and Results: RV and LV mechanical function were examined by pulse-wave Doppler in 15 beagle dogs, 59 rhesus monkeys, 100 healthy human subjects and 39 heart failure (HF) patients. This measured RV and LV pre-ejection periods (RVPEP and LVPEP) and diastolic opening times (Q-TVE and Q-MVE). The occurrence of right (RVMDs) and left ventricular systolic mechanical delay (LVMDs) was assessed by comparing RVPEP and LVPEP values. That of right (RVMDd) and left ventricular diastolic mechanical delay (LVMDd) was assessed from the corresponding diastolic opening times (Q-TVE and Q-MVE). These situations were quantified by values of interventricular systolic (IVMDs) and diastolic mechanical delays (IVMDd), represented as positive if the relevant RV mechanical events preceded those in the LV. Healthy hearts in all species examined showed greater LV than RV delay times and therefore positive IVMDs and IVMDd. In contrast a greater proportion of the HF patients showed both markedly increased IVMDs and negative IVMDd, with diastolic mechanical asynchrony negatively correlated with LVEF. Conclusion: The present IVMDs and IVMDd findings have potential clinical implications particularly for personalized setting of parameter values in CRT in individual patients to achieve effective treatment of HF
Smart motion reconstruction system for golf swing: a DBN model based transportable, non-intrusive and inexpensive golf swing capture and reconstruction system
Ultrafast synchrotron X-ray imaging studies of microstructure fragmentation in solidification under ultrasound
Ultrasound processing of metal alloys is an environmental friendly and promising green
technology for liquid metal degassing and microstructural refinement. However many
fundamental issues in this field are still not fully understood, because of the difficulties
in direct observation of the dynamic behaviours caused by ultrasound inside liquid
metal and semisolid metals during the solidification processes. In this paper, we report a
systematic study using the ultrafast synchrotron X-ray imaging (up to 271,554 frame per
second) technique available at the Advanced Photon Source, USA and Diamond Light
Source, UK to investigate the dynamic interactions between the ultrasonic
bubbles/acoustic flow and the solidifying phases in a Bi-8%Zn alloy. The experimental
results were complimented by numerical modelling. The chaotic bubble implosion and
dynamic bubble oscillations were revealed in-situ for the first time in liquid metal and
semisolid metal. The fragmentation of the solidifying Zn phases and breaking up of the
liquid-solid interface by ultrasonic bubbles and enhanced acoustic flow were clearly demonstrated and agreed very well with the theoretical calculations. The research
provides unambiguous experimental evidence and robust theoretical interpretation in
elucidating the dominant mechanisms of microstructure fragmentation and refinement
in solidification under ultrasound.The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the UK Engineering
and Physical Sciences Research Council (Grant No. EP/L019965/1, EP/L019884/1,
EP/L019825/1,), the Royal Society Industry Fellowship (for J. Mi), and the Hull
University & Chinese Scholarship Council (Hull-CSC) PhD Studentship (for D. Tan).
The awards of the synchrotron X-ray beam time (EE8542-1) by the Diamond Light
Source, UK, and those (GUP 23649 and GUP 26170) by the Advanced Photon Source,
Argonne National Laboratory, USA are also gratefully acknowledged. Use of the
Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was
supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357
2016 EULAR poster: Mouse B cells require glutaminolysis for cytokine secretion
2016 EULAR poster "Mouse B cells require glutaminolysis for cytokine secretion.
Fast Event-based Double Integral for Real-time Robotics
Motion deblurring is a critical ill-posed problem that is important in many
vision-based robotics applications. The recently proposed event-based double
integral (EDI) provides a theoretical framework for solving the deblurring
problem with the event camera and generating clear images at high frame-rate.
However, the original EDI is mainly designed for offline computation and does
not support real-time requirement in many robotics applications. In this paper,
we propose the fast EDI, an efficient implementation of EDI that can achieve
real-time online computation on single-core CPU devices, which is common for
physical robotic platforms used in practice. In experiments, our method can
handle event rates at as high as 13 million event per second in a wide variety
of challenging lighting conditions. We demonstrate the benefit on multiple
downstream real-time applications, including localization, visual tag
detection, and feature matching.Comment: conference ICRA2023 accepte
Expression of the transient receptor potential channels TRPV1, TRPA1 and TRPM8 in mouse trigeminal primary afferent neurons innervating the dura
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Migraine and other headache disorders affect a large percentage of the population and cause debilitating pain. Activation and sensitization of the trigeminal primary afferent neurons innervating the dura and cerebral vessels is a crucial step in the “headache circuit”. Many dural afferent neurons respond to algesic and inflammatory agents. Given the clear role of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of channels in both sensing chemical stimulants and mediating inflammatory pain, we investigated the expression of TRP channels in dural afferent neurons.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used two fluorescent tracers to retrogradely label dural afferent neurons in adult mice and quantified the abundance of peptidergic and non-peptidergic neuron populations using calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity (CGRP-ir) and isolectin B4 (IB4) binding as markers, respectively. Using immunohistochemistry, we compared the expression of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels in dural afferent neurons with the expression in total trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. To examine the distribution of TRPM8 channels, we labeled dural afferent neurons in mice expressing farnesylated enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFPf) from a TRPM8 locus. We used nearest-neighbor measurement to predict the spatial association between dural afferent neurons and neurons expressing TRPA1 or TRPM8 channels in the TG.</p> <p>Results and conclusions</p> <p>We report that the size of dural afferent neurons is significantly larger than that of total TG neurons and facial skin afferents. Approximately 40% of dural afferent neurons exhibit IB4 binding. Surprisingly, the percentage of dural afferent neurons containing CGRP-ir is significantly lower than those of total TG neurons and facial skin afferents. Both TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels are expressed in dural afferent neurons. Furthermore, nearest-neighbor measurement indicates that TRPA1-expressing neurons are clustered around a subset of dural afferent neurons. Interestingly, TRPM8-expressing neurons are virtually absent in the dural afferent population, nor do these neurons cluster around dural afferent neurons. Taken together, our results suggest that TRPV1 and TRPA1 but not TRPM8 channels likely contribute to the excitation of dural afferent neurons and the subsequent activation of the headache circuit. These results provide an anatomical basis for understanding further the functional significance of TRP channels in headache pathophysiology.</p