83 research outputs found
Comparative Analysis on Main Material index of China and International Composite Girder Bridge with Corrugated Steel Web
Prestressed Concrete girder bridge with corrugated steel web is type of girder bridge that evolve rapidly in recent year, its excellent mechanical properties is getting more and more recognition by majority of the bridge engineers. This article investigate the case study of constructed girder bridge with corrugated steel webs in China, analyze and give comment based on their construction design, technology and etc. With the data of constructed girder bridge with corrugated steel webs in Japan, comparative analysis of the main material index of China and Japan girder bridge with corrugated steel webs was compared, the material index function was developed to ease the estimation of related construction
Electronic band reconstruction across the insulator-metal transition in colossal magnetoresistive EuCd2P2
While colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) in Eu-based compounds is often
associated with strong spin-carrier interactions, the underlying reconstruction
of the electronic bands is much less understood from spectroscopic experiments.
Here using angle-resolved photoemission, we directly observe an electronic band
reconstruction across the insulator-metal (and magnetic) transition in the
recently discovered CMR compound EuCd2P2. This transition is manifested by a
large magnetic band splitting associated with the magnetic order, as well as
unusual energy shifts of the valence bands: both the large ordered moment of Eu
and carrier localization in the paramagnetic phase are crucial. Our results
provide spectroscopic evidence for an electronic structure reconstruction
underlying the enormous CMR observed in EuCd2P2, which could be important for
understanding Eu-based CMR materials, as well as designing CMR materials based
on large-moment rare-earth magnets.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Therapeutic Index Estimation of Antiepileptic Drugs: A Systematic Literature Review Approach
To determine whether data obtained from the medical literature can be used to estimate the therapeutic index of 5 antiepileptic drugs (AEDs): carbamazepine, lamotrigine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and valproate
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Electronic Health Records, and Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Evaluate Sirolimus Drug Exposure–Response Relationships in Renal Transplant Patients
Sirolimus, an immunosuppressant agent used in renal transplantation, can prevent allograft rejection. Identification of the therapeutic index (ratio of minimum toxic concentration to minimum therapeutic concentration) for immunosuppresants is necessary to optimize the care of patients and set standards for bioequivalence evaluation of sirolimus products. However, the therapeutic index for sirolimus has been inconsistently defined, potentially due to inconsistencies in sirolimus exposure-response relationships
Use of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Electronic Health Record Data, and Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Determine the Therapeutic Index of Phenytoin and Lamotrigine
Defining a drug's therapeutic index (TI) is important for patient safety and regulating the development of generic drugs. For many drugs, the TI is unknown. A systematic approach was developed to characterize the TI of a drug using therapeutic drug monitoring and electronic health record (EHR) data with pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling. This approach was first tested on phenytoin, which has a known TI, and then applied to lamotrigine, which lacks a defined TI
Quasiparticle characteristics of the weakly ferromagnetic Hund's metal MnSi
Hund's metals are multi-orbital systems with or electrons
exhibiting both itinerant character and local moments, and they feature
Kondo-like screenings of local orbital and spin moments, with suppressed
coherence temperature driven by Hund's coupling . They often exhibit
magnetic order at low temperature, but how the interaction between the
Kondo-like screening and long-range magnetic order is manifested in the
quasiparticle spectrum remains an open question. Here we present spectroscopic
signature of such interaction in a Hund's metal candidate MnSi exhibiting weak
ferromagnetism. Our photoemission measurements reveal renormalized
quasiparticle bands near the Fermi level with strong momentum dependence: the
ferromagnetism manifests through possibly exchange-split bands (Q1) below
, while the spin/orbital screenings lead to gradual development of
quasiparticles (Q2) upon cooling. Our results demonstrate how the
characteristic spin/orbital coherence in a Hund's metal could coexist and
compete with the magnetic order to form a weak itinerant ferromagnet, via
quasiparticle bands that are well separated in momentum space and exhibit
distinct temperature dependence. Our results imply that the competition between
the spin/orbital screening and the magnetic order in a Hund's metal bears
intriguing similarity to the Kondo lattice systems.Comment: accepted by PR
Quasi-Two-Dimensional Fermi Surface and Heavy Quasiparticles in CeRh2As2
The recent discovery of multiple superconducting phases in CeRh2As2 has
attracted considerable interest. These rich phases are thought to be related to
the locally noncentrosymmetric crystal structure, although the possible role of
a quadrupole density wave preceding the superconductivity remains an open
question. While measurements of physical properties imply that the Ce 4f
electrons could play an essential role, the momentum-resolved electronic
structure remains hitherto unreported, hindering an in-depth understanding of
the underlying physics. Here, we report a high-resolution angle-resolved
photoemission study of CeRh2As2. Our results reveal fine splittings of
conduction bands, which are directly related to the locally noncentrosymmetric
structure, as well as a quasi-two-dimensional Fermi surface, implying weak
interlayer hopping and possible nesting instabilities. Our experiments also
uncover the fine structures and pronounced temperature evolution of the Kondo
peak, demonstrating strong Kondo effect facilitated by excited crystal electric
field states. Our results unveil the salient electronic features arising from
the interplay between the crystal structure and strong electron correlation,
providing spectroscopic insight for understanding the heavy fermion physics and
unconventional quadrupole density wave in this enigmatic compound
Effects of elevated atmospheric [CO2] on grain starch characteristics in different specialized wheat
The increasing atmospheric [CO2] poses great challenges to wheat production. Currently, the response of starch characteristics in different specialized wheat cultivars to elevated [CO2], as well as the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms remains unclear. Therefore, an experiment was conducted with open-top chambers to study the effects of ambient [CO2] [a(CO2)] and elevated [CO2] [e(CO2)] on photosynthetic performance, yield and starch characteristics of bread wheat (Zhengmai 369, ZM369) and biscuit wheat (Yangmai 15, YM15) from 2020 to 2022. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in photosynthetic performance, yield, amylose and amylopectin content, volume ratio of large granules under e[CO2]. Moreover, e[CO2] upregulated the gene expression and enzyme activities of GBSS (Granule-bound starch synthase) and SSS (Soluble starch synthase), increased starch pasting viscosity, gelatinization enthalpy and crystallinity. Compared to YM15, ZM369 exhibited a higher upregulation of GBSSI, greater increase in amylose content and volume ratio of large granules, as well as higher gelatinization enthalpy and crystallinity. However, ZM369 showed a lower increase in amylopectin content and a lower upregulation of SSSI and SSSII. Correlation analysis revealed amylose and amylopectin content had a positive correlation with GBSS and SSS, respectively, a significant positively correlation among the amylose and amylopectin content, starch granule volume, and pasting properties. In conclusion, these changes may enhance the utilization value of biscuit wheat but exhibit an opposite effect on bread wheat. The results provide a basis for selecting suitable wheat cultivars and ensuring food security under future climate change conditions
Reducing the risk of cognitive decline and dementia: WHO recommendations
With population ageing worldwide, dementia poses one of the greatest global challenges for health and social care in the 21st century. In 2019, around 55 million people were affected by dementia, with the majority living in low- and middle-income countries. Dementia leads to increased costs for governments, communities, families and individuals. Dementia is overwhelming for the family and caregivers of the person with dementia, who are the cornerstone of care and support systems throughout the world. To assist countries in addressing the global burden of dementia, the World Health Organisation (WHO) developed the Global Action Plan on the Public Health Response to Dementia 2017–2025. It proposes actions to be taken by governments, civil society, and other global and regional partners across seven action areas, one of which is dementia risk reduction. This paper is based on WHO Guidelines on risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia and presents recommendations on evidence-based, multisectoral interventions for reducing dementia risks, considerations for their implementation and policy actions. These global evidence-informed recommendations were developed by WHO, following a rigorous guideline development methodology and involved a panel of academicians and clinicians with multidisciplinary expertise and representing geographical diversity. The recommendations are considered under three broad headings: lifestyle and behaviour interventions, interventions for physical health conditions and specific interventions. By supporting health and social care professionals, particularly by improving their capacity to provide gender and culturally appropriate interventions to the general population, the risk of developing dementia can be potentially reduced, or its progression delayed
Geographical distribution, a risk factor for the incidence of lupus nephritis in China
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