47 research outputs found
A Comprehensive Study on Knowledge Graph Embedding over Relational Patterns Based on Rule Learning
Knowledge Graph Embedding (KGE) has proven to be an effective approach to
solving the Knowledge Graph Completion (KGC) task. Relational patterns which
refer to relations with specific semantics exhibiting graph patterns are an
important factor in the performance of KGE models. Though KGE models'
capabilities are analyzed over different relational patterns in theory and a
rough connection between better relational patterns modeling and better
performance of KGC has been built, a comprehensive quantitative analysis on KGE
models over relational patterns remains absent so it is uncertain how the
theoretical support of KGE to a relational pattern contributes to the
performance of triples associated to such a relational pattern. To address this
challenge, we evaluate the performance of 7 KGE models over 4 common relational
patterns on 2 benchmarks, then conduct an analysis in theory, entity frequency,
and part-to-whole three aspects and get some counterintuitive conclusions.
Finally, we introduce a training-free method Score-based Patterns Adaptation
(SPA) to enhance KGE models' performance over various relational patterns. This
approach is simple yet effective and can be applied to KGE models without
additional training. Our experimental results demonstrate that our method
generally enhances performance over specific relational patterns. Our source
code is available from GitHub at
https://github.com/zjukg/Comprehensive-Study-over-Relational-Patterns.Comment: This paper is accepted by ISWC 202
Agents: An Open-source Framework for Autonomous Language Agents
Recent advances on large language models (LLMs) enable researchers and
developers to build autonomous language agents that can automatically solve
various tasks and interact with environments, humans, and other agents using
natural language interfaces. We consider language agents as a promising
direction towards artificial general intelligence and release Agents, an
open-source library with the goal of opening up these advances to a wider
non-specialist audience. Agents is carefully engineered to support important
features including planning, memory, tool usage, multi-agent communication, and
fine-grained symbolic control. Agents is user-friendly as it enables
non-specialists to build, customize, test, tune, and deploy state-of-the-art
autonomous language agents without much coding. The library is also
research-friendly as its modularized design makes it easily extensible for
researchers. Agents is available at https://github.com/aiwaves-cn/agents.Comment: Code available at https://github.com/aiwaves-cn/agent
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness but Not Carotid Artery Plaque in Healthy Individuals Is Linked to Lean Body Mass.
Background Lean body mass has been identified as a key determinant of left ventricular mass and wall thickness. However, the importance of lean body mass or other body-size measures as normative determinants of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), a widely used early indicator of atherosclerosis, has not been well established. Methods and Results Carotid artery ultrasound measurements of cIMT and carotid artery plaque burden (derived from plaque number and maximum size) and measurements of body size, including height, body mass index, weight, body fat proportion, and lean body mass ([1-body fat proportion]×weight), were recorded in 25 020 participants from 10 regions of China. Analyses were restricted to a healthy younger subset (n=6617) defined as never or long-term ex-regular smokers aged <60 years (mean age, 50) without previous ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension and with plasma non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <4 mmol/L. Among these 6617 participants, 86% were women (because most men smoked) and 9% had carotid artery plaque. In both women and men separately, lean body mass was strongly positively associated with cIMT, but was not associated with plaque burden: overall, each 10 kg higher lean body mass was associated with a 0.03 (95% CI, 0.03-0.04) mm higher cIMT (P=5×10-33). Fat mass, height, and other body-size measures were more weakly associated with cIMT. Conclusions The strong association of lean body mass with cIMT, but not with plaque burden, in healthy adults suggests a normative relationship rather than reflecting atherosclerotic pathology. Common mechanisms may underlie the associations of lean body mass with cIMT and with nonatherosclerotic vascular traits.This work was supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC_MC_U137686851, MRC_MC_U137686853); the British Heart Foundation (CH/1996001/9454); Cancer Research UK (C500/A16896); the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation (during 2002–2009); the Wellcome Trust (104085/Z/14/Z); and the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (81390541)
Test Results of ITER Correction Coil Short Samples CCCN1 and CCCN2
This paper presents the first benchmarking test results of ITER correction coil (CC) conductor short samples CCCN1 and CCCN2. The Chinese first CC conductor short sample CCCN1 was prepared and tested at the Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP). The second CC conductor short sample CCCN2 was prepared at ASIPP and tested at the SULTAN laboratory. The TCS of the two samples was measured at the peak magnetic field of 4.1 T and at a current of 10 kA. A TCS of 7.02 K was measured at ASIPP and a TCS of 7.20 K was measured at the SULTAN laboratory. The calculated results of the short samples are also presented for a comparison to the measured results in this paper
Electrical stimulation improves microbial salinity resistance and organofluorine removal in bioelectrochemical systems
Fed batch bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) based on electrical stimulation were used to treat p-fluoronitrobenzene (p-FNB) wastewater at high salinities. At a NaCl concentration of 40 g/liter, p-FNB was removed 100% in 96 h in the BES, whereas in the biotic control (BC) (absence of current), p-FNB removal was only 10%. By increasing NaCl concentrations from 0 g/liter to 40 g/liter, defluorination efficiency decreased around 40% in the BES, and in the BC it was completely ceased. p-FNB was mineralized by 30% in the BES and hardly in the BC. Microorganisms were able to store 3.8 and 0.7 times more K+ and Na+ intracellularly in the BES than in the BC. Following the same trend, the ratio of protein to soluble polysaccharide increased from 3.1 to 7.8 as the NaCl increased from 0 to 40 g/liter. Both trends raise speculation that an electrical stimulation drives microbial preference toward K+ and protein accumulation to tolerate salinity. These findings are in accordance with an enrichment of halophilic organisms in the BES. Halobacterium dominated in the BES by 56.8% at a NaCl concentration of 40 g/liter, while its abundance was found as low as 17.5% in the BC. These findings propose a new method of electrical stimulation to improve microbial salinity resistance
Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Chitin Biomass: A Review
Chitin biomass, a rich renewable resource, is the second most abundant natural polysaccharide after cellulose. Conversion of chitin biomass to high value-added chemicals can play a significant role in alleviating the global energy crisis and environmental pollution. In this review, the recent achievements in converting chitin biomass to high-value chemicals, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), under different conditions using chitin, chitosan, glucosamine, and N-acetylglucosamine as raw materials are summarized. Related research on pretreatment technology of chitin biomass is also discussed. New approaches for transformation of chitin biomass to HMF are also proposed. This review promotes the development of industrial technologies for degradation of chitin biomass and preparation of HMF. It also provides insight into a sustainable future in terms of renewable resources