Retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage of infected retroperitoneal necrosis in severe acute pancreatitis

To explore the effect of retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage on infected necrosis in severe acute pancreatitis. This retrospective study included 18 patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) undergoing retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage from May 2006 to April 2012 in our hospital. All patients had infected retroperitoneal necrosis and single or multiple peritoneal abscesses. Eleven patients transferred to our hospital were treated with the retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage within 24–72 hours after admission. Conservative treatments were given to eight patients. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage were applied 3–11 days after admission. All patients had infection of necrotic pancreas or peripancreatic tissues. Twelve patients had organ failure. Three patients underwent secondary surgery. Laparotomy with debridement and drainage were applied to one patient who had a huge lesser sac abscess 7 days after first surgery. The other two patients were given secondary retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage. One case was complicated by retroperitoneal hemorrhage, four cases had pancreatic leakage, and no intestinal fistula was found. The patients' heart rate, respiration, temperature, and white blood cell count were significantly improved 48 hours after surgery compared with those prior to surgery (

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage of infected retroperitoneal necrosis in severe acute pancreatitis

Objective: To explore the effect of retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage on infected necrosis in severe acute pancreatitis. Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 18 patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) undergoing retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage from May 2006 to April 2012 in our hospital. All patients had infected retroperitoneal necrosis and single or multiple peritoneal abscesses. Eleven patients transferred to our hospital were treated with the retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage within 24–72 hours after admission. Conservative treatments were given to eight patients. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage were applied 3–11 days after admission. Results: All patients had infection of necrotic pancreas or peripancreatic tissues. Twelve patients had organ failure. Three patients underwent secondary surgery. Laparotomy with debridement and drainage were applied to one patient who had a huge lesser sac abscess 7 days after first surgery. The other two patients were given secondary retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage. One case was complicated by retroperitoneal hemorrhage, four cases had pancreatic leakage, and no intestinal fistula was found. The patients' heart rate, respiration, temperature, and white blood cell count were significantly improved 48 hours after surgery compared with those prior to surgery (p<0.05). The average length of stay in hospitals was 40.8 days (range, 6–121 days), and the drainage tube indwelling time was 44.4 days (range, 2–182 days). Conclusion: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic debridement and drainage is an SAP surgical treatment with a minimally invasive procedure and a good effect, and can be applied for infected retroperitoneal necrosis in early SAP

Development of SSR Molecular Markers and Genetic Diversity Analysis of TPS Gene Family in <i>Chimonanthus praecox</i>

Terpene synthase (TPS) plays a key role in the biosynthesis of terpenoids, which are the most important components of the volatile compounds of wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox). In this study, 52 CpTPS genes were found in wintersweet which were divided into 5 subfamilies. We identified 146 SSRs in the CpTPS genes, and obtained 33 pairs of SSR primers with good polymorphism through amplification in 6 wintersweet samples. Then, these primers were amplified in 69 samples from China’s main wintersweet production areas. Through structural analysis, 69 samples were divided into 2 clusters, and were divided into 4 groups in a genetic cluster analysis, of which SH-33 and SW were separate groups. Through AMOVA analysis, it was found that the variation mainly occurred in the population, and that the gene flow between populations was Nm > 1, so it might lead to population differentiation. In other words, these findings provided useful information for the biosynthesis of terpenoids, the construction of a genetic linkage map, the detection of quantitative trait loci, marker-assisted selection and other aspects of wintersweet

Effects of Different Altitudes on Coffea arabica Rhizospheric Soil Chemical Properties and Soil Microbiota

Coffee is one of the most valuable agricultural commodities worldwide, second only to oil in terms of international trade. Coffea arabica L. is a widely cultivated and economically important crop that is responsible for about 90% of the global production of coffee. In this study, we selected five C. arabica cultivation sites at different altitudes to clarify the effects of altitude on rhizospheric soil physical&ndash;chemical characteristics and microbial communities. The samples collected at low altitudes were more nutrient-deficient and acidic than the soil samples collected at medium&ndash;high altitudes. The Proteobacteria-to-Acidobacteria ratio increased from lower altitudes to medium&ndash;high altitudes. Additionally, although Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum, it was unaffected by the altitude. Furthermore, the alpha richness and diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities were higher at medium&ndash;high altitudes than at low altitudes. Moreover, the redundancy analysis indicated that microbial phyla were closely associated with pH. These findings suggest that C. arabica should be cultivated at medium&ndash;high altitudes, which is conducive to sustainable management and the production of high-quality C. arabica beans

Effects of Different Altitudes on <i>Coffea arabica</i> Rhizospheric Soil Chemical Properties and Soil Microbiota

Coffee is one of the most valuable agricultural commodities worldwide, second only to oil in terms of international trade. Coffea arabica L. is a widely cultivated and economically important crop that is responsible for about 90% of the global production of coffee. In this study, we selected five C. arabica cultivation sites at different altitudes to clarify the effects of altitude on rhizospheric soil physical–chemical characteristics and microbial communities. The samples collected at low altitudes were more nutrient-deficient and acidic than the soil samples collected at medium–high altitudes. The Proteobacteria-to-Acidobacteria ratio increased from lower altitudes to medium–high altitudes. Additionally, although Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum, it was unaffected by the altitude. Furthermore, the alpha richness and diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities were higher at medium–high altitudes than at low altitudes. Moreover, the redundancy analysis indicated that microbial phyla were closely associated with pH. These findings suggest that C. arabica should be cultivated at medium–high altitudes, which is conducive to sustainable management and the production of high-quality C. arabica beans

Effects of the Continuous Cropping of Amomum villosum on Rhizosphere Soil Physicochemical Properties, Enzyme Activities, and Microbial Communities

Amomum villosum, which is an important perennial medicinal plant, easily suffers from continuous cropping obstacles in the plantation. The aim of this study is to find an effective method to solve the problem of A. villosum continuous cropping. In this study, we analyzed four fields in which A. villosum was continuously cropped and a fallow field to reveal the effects of continuous cropping on the rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial and fungal communities. Most of the soil nutrient contents gradually increased as the number of years of continuous cropping increased, whereas the soil pH decreased slightly. The soil urease and acid phosphatase activities tended to increase as the length of the continuous cropping period increased, which may have accelerated the conversion of soil substances. Furthermore, the alpha diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities decreased as the duration of the continuous cropping period increased. Additionally, the redundancy analysis revealed that bacterial and fungal community structures at the phylum level were the most correlated with pH value and catalase activity, respectively. This study may be useful for promoting the continuous cropping and sustainable development of A. villosum