It's A-bout Time: Detailed Patterns of Physical Activity in Obese Adolescents Participating in a Lifestyle Intervention.

BACKGROUND: The detailed patterns of physical activity and sedentary behaviors of overweight and obese adolescents are unknown, but may be important for health outcomes and targeted intervention design. METHODS: Participants completed Curtin University's Activity, Food and Attitudes Program (CAFAP), an 8-week intervention with 12 months of maintenance intervention. Physical activity and sedentary time were assessed at 6 time periods with accelerometers and were analysed by 1) time and type of day 2) intensity bout patterns using exposure variation analysis, and 3) individual case analysis. RESULTS: Participants (n=56) spent a lower percentage of time at baseline in light activity during school days compared to weekend days (24.4% vs 29.0%, p=.004). The majority of time was in long uninterrupted sedentary bouts of greater than 30 minutes (26.7% of total time, 36.8% of sedentary time at baseline). Moderate activity was accumulated in short bouts of less than 5 minutes (3.1% of total time, 76.0% moderate time). Changes varied by individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure variation analysis revealed specific changes in activity patterns in overweight and obese adolescents who participated in a lifestyle intervention. A better understanding of these patterns can help to design interventions that meaningfully affect specific behaviors, with unique health consequences

High-pressure behavior of superconducting boron-doped diamond

This work investigates the high-pressure structure of freestanding superconducting ($T_{c}$ = 4.3\,K) boron doped diamond (BDD) and how it affects the electronic and vibrational properties using Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction in the 0-30\,GPa range. High-pressure Raman scattering experiments revealed an abrupt change in the linear pressure coefficients and the grain boundary components undergo an irreversible phase change at 14\,GPa. We show that the blue shift in the pressure-dependent vibrational modes correlates with the negative pressure coefficient of $T_{c}$ in BDD. The analysis of x-ray diffraction data determines the equation of state of the BDD film, revealing a high bulk modulus of $B_{0}$=510$\pm$28\,GPa. The comparative analysis of high-pressure data clarified that the sp$^{2}$ carbons in the grain boundaries transform into hexagonal diamond.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

2-{(E)-1-[2-(4-Nitro­phen­yl)hydrazin-1-yl­idene]eth­yl}benzene-1,3-diol

The title compound, C14H13N3O4, is close to planar, the dihedral angle between the terminal benzene rings being 5.80 (16)°; the nitro group is coplanar with the benzene ring to which it is bonded [O—N—C—C torsion angle = −177.3 (3)°]. The hy­droxy group forms an intra­molecular hydrogen bond with the imine N atom, and the conformation about the imine bond is E. In the crystal, layers in the (101) plane with an undulating topology are formed by O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds along with C—H⋯O inter­actions. Centrosymmetrically related layers are connected via π–π inter­actions [ring centroid–centroid distance = 3.5739 (19) Å] into double layers

Triclinic form of bis­{di-μ-hydroxidobis[fac-aqua­tribromido­tin(IV)]} hepta­hydrate

The asymmetric unit of the title hydrate, 2[Sn(H2O)2(OH)2Br6]·7H2O, comprises two [Br3(H2O)Sn(μ-OH)2SnBr3(OH2)] units, but three independent mol­ecules as two of these are disposed about inversion centres, and seven water mol­ecules. In common with the monoclinic polymorph [Howie et al. (2005 ▶). Inorg. Chim. Acta, 358, 3283–3286], each of the dinuclear species features a central Sn2O2 core, distorted octa­hedral Sn atom geometries defined by a Br3O3 donor set, and an anti-disposition of the coordinated water mol­ecules. In the crystal, Oh—H⋯Ow, Oa—H⋯Ow, Ow—H⋯Ow, and Ow—H⋯Br (h = hydroxyl, a = aqua, w = water) hydrogen-bonding inter­actions generate a three-dimensional network

2-(4H-1,3-Benzoxazin-2-yl)phenol

The title compound, C14H11NO2, features an essentially planar mol­ecule, the r.m.s. deviation for the 17 non-H atoms being 0.035 Å. This conformation is stabilized by an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond that results in the formation of an S(6) ring. In the crystal structure, methyl­ene–hydr­oxy C—H⋯O contacts result in a supra­molecular chain aligned along the b axis

4-[3,4-Dimethyl-1-(4-methyl­phen­yl)-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-3,4-dimethyl-1-(4-methyl­phen­yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-5-one

In the title compound, C24H26N4O2, the complete mol­ecule is generated by the application of twofold symmetry. The pyrazole ring is approximately planar [r.m.s. deviation = 0.026 Å] and the benzene ring is twisted out of this plane [dihedral angle = 21.94 (7)°]. A twist in the mol­ecule about the central C—C bond [1.566 (3) Å] is also evident [C—C—C—C torsion angle = 44.30 (14)°]. Supra­molecular layers in the bc plane are formed in the crystal packing via C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π inter­actions

2-{(E)-1-[2-(2-Nitro­phen­yl)hydrazin-1-yl­idene]eth­yl}benzene-1,3-diol mono­hydrate

The hydrazone mol­ecule in title monohydrate, C14H13N3O4·H2O, is almost coplanar, the dihedral angle between the terminal benzene rings being 3.22 (15)°; the nitro group is coplanar with the benzene ring to which it is bonded [O—N—C—C = −2.8 (4)°]. The hy­droxy group forms an intra­molecular hydrogen bond with the imine N atom, and the conformation about the imine bond [1.305 (3) Å] is E. In the crystal, supra­molecular layers in the (203) plane are connected into a double layer via water–nitro O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, along with π–π inter­actions [ring centroid–centroid distance = 3.7859 (19) Å]

'Mine's a Pint of Bitter': Performativity, gender, class and representations of authenticity in real-ale tourism

Leisure choices are expressive of individual agency around the maintenance of taste, boundaries, identity and community. This research paper is part of a wider project designed to assess the social and cultural value of real ale to tourism in the north of England. This paper explores the performativity of real-ale tourism and debates about belonging in northern English real-ale communities. The research combines an ethnographic case study of a real-ale festival with semi-structured interviews with organisers and volunteers, northern English real-ale brewers and real-ale tourists visiting the festival. It is argued that real-ale tourism, despite its origins in the logic of capitalism, becomes a space where people can perform Habermasian, communicative leisure, and despite the contradictions of preferring some capitalist industries over others on the basis of their perceived smaller size and older age, real-ale fans demonstrate agency in their performativity

Ironbark: Developing a healthy community program for older Aboriginal people

Issue addressed: Programs by, with and for Aboriginal older people must be culturally safe and relevant. Successful elements include being Aboriginal specific and group based. Co-design with Aboriginal people and stakeholders is essential. We describe the co-design process of developing the Ironbark: Healthy Community program. Methods: Aboriginal ways of knowing, being and doing and yarning conversational methods guided the development process, during 2018. A desktop review provided details of current group characteristics and key community stakeholders. Stakeholder engagement regarding views about group operations, participants and benefits also occurred. Aboriginal Elders views of their groups were gathered through yarning circles in New South Wales (NSW). Grounded theory approach was used to ascertain key themes. Results: Initial engagement occurred with 13 different community stakeholders and organisations in three Australian states (NSW, South Australia (SA), Western Australia (WA)). Three yarning circles occurred with Elders from urban (N = 10), regional coastal (N = 10) and regional country (N = 4) groups. Six key themes were organised in three groups according to an Aboriginal ontology. 1. Knowing: groups provide opportunities to share knowledge and connect socially. Adequate program resourcing and sustainability are valued. 2. Being: groups strengthen culture, providing important social, emotional and other forms of support to age well. 3. Doing: previous program experiences inform perceptions for new program operations. Group venues and operational aspects should be culturally safe, acknowledging diversity among Elders, their preferences and community control. Themes were used to develop the program and its resource manual that were finalised with stakeholders, including steering committee approval. Conclusions: Stakeholder feedback at multiple stages and Aboriginal Elders’ perspectives resulted in a new co-designed community program involving weekly yarning circles and social activities. So what?: Co-design, guided by Aboriginal ways of knowing, being and doing, can develop programs relevant for Aboriginal people

fac-Aqua­(2-carboxy­ethyl-κ2 C,O)trichlorido­tin(IV)–1,4,7,10,13-penta­oxacyclo­penta­deca­ne–water (1/1/2)

In the title compound, [Sn(C3H5O2)Cl3(H2O)]·C10H20O5·2H2O, the SnIV atom is octa­hedrally coordinated within a fac-CO2Cl3 donor set, arising from the C,O-bidentate carboxy­ethyl ligand, a water mol­ecule and three chloride ligands. In the crystal, supra­molecular chains linked by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds propagate along the c axis These chains are connected into layers in the ac plane via C—H⋯O inter­actions