Who Is Going to the Moon? Public/Private Partnerships, Procurement, and Export Controls

This panel explains the regulatory framework through which private companies will be able to partner with NASA as the Artemis program moves forward. The history of NASA is also a history of public/private partnerships. This material begins with an understanding of the legal rules that governs the traditional procurement process followed by federal agencies that hire private contractors. But partnering with NASA can take many non-traditional forms, including the licensing of NASA intellectual property, entering into one of the very flexible Space Act Agreements with NASA, or partnering with NASA through one of the competitive programs that have already proven successful in developing the next generation of launch vehicles to deliver cargo and crew to the International Space Station. The panelists will share their views on other regulatory challenges faced by companies, such as SpaceX and their suppliers, that provide products and services to domestic and international customers

Analysis of Outcomes in Ischemic vs Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation A Report From the GARFIELD-AF Registry

IMPORTANCE Congestive heart failure (CHF) is commonly associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF), and their combination may affect treatment strategies and outcomes

Stratified analyses refine association between TLR7 rare variants and severe COVID-19

Summary: Despite extensive global research into genetic predisposition for severe COVID-19, knowledge on the role of rare host genetic variants and their relation to other risk factors remains limited. Here, 52 genes with prior etiological evidence were sequenced in 1,772 severe COVID-19 cases and 5,347 population-based controls from Spain/Italy. Rare deleterious TLR7 variants were present in 2.4% of young (<60 years) cases with no reported clinical risk factors (n = 378), compared to 0.24% of controls (odds ratio [OR] = 12.3, p = 1.27 × 10−10). Incorporation of the results of either functional assays or protein modeling led to a pronounced increase in effect size (ORmax = 46.5, p = 1.74 × 10−15). Association signals for the X-chromosomal gene TLR7 were also detected in the female-only subgroup, suggesting the existence of additional mechanisms beyond X-linked recessive inheritance in males. Additionally, supporting evidence was generated for a contribution to severe COVID-19 of the previously implicated genes IFNAR2, IFIH1, and TBK1. Our results refine the genetic contribution of rare TLR7 variants to severe COVID-19 and strengthen evidence for the etiological relevance of genes in the interferon signaling pathway