Fuel injector characterization studies

The atomization of several general aviation piston engine manifold port fuel injectors was investigated. The injectors were installed in a test rig and operated under simulated conditions. Laser interferometric techniques were used to optically probe the spray droplet fields for droplet size and velocity at numerous spatial locations throughout the field

Space shuttle: Static stability characteristics and control surface effectiveness of the Boeing .00435 scale model space shuttle booster H-32

Experimental aerodynamic investigations were made in the Grumman 36-inch hypersonic wind tunnel on a .00435 scale model of the H-32 reusable space shuttle booster. The objectives of the test were to determine the static stability characteristics and control surface effectiveness at hypersonic speeds. Data were taken at M = 8.12 over a range of angles of attack between -5 and 85 deg at beta = 0 deg and over a range of side slip angles between -10 and 10 deg at alpha = 0 and 70 deg. Six component balance data and base-cavity pressure data were recorded

Analysis and testing of a new method for drop size measurement using laser scatter interferometry

Research was conducted on a laser light scatter detection method for measuring the size and velocity of spherical particles. The method is based upon the measurement of the interference fringe pattern produced by spheres passing through the intersection of two laser beams. A theoretical analysis of the method was carried out using the geometrical optics theory. Experimental verification of the theory was obtained by using monodisperse droplet streams. Several optical configurations were tested to identify all of the parametric effects upon the size measurements. Both off-axis forward and backscatter light detection were utilized. Simulated spray environments and fuel spray nozzles were used in the evaluation of the method. The measurements of the monodisperse drops showed complete agreement with the theoretical predictions. The method was demonstrated to be independent of the beam intensity and extinction resulting from the surrounding drops. Signal processing concepts were considered and a method was selected for development

The effects of Positive Action and the Sexual Abuse Prevention program on sexually abused students\u27 behavior, social skills, and self-esteem

This study was designed to examine the effects of the Positive Action Program and the Sexual Abuse Prevention Program on sexually abused students\u27 behavior, social skills, and self-esteem. Four classrooms of multiple handicapped elementary aged students in Burlington County Special Services District were selected, giving a sample of forty-four. Each week pupils received four lessons, for twenty minutes each, of instruction in the two programs. Prior to program implementation in the Fall and again in the Spring students rated their social skills development, behavior problems, and self-esteem. Results indicated that the programs in the course of only a six month period did improve but there were no substantive changes in these areas. The study does clearly establish that sexually abused students are aware of weaknesses in the areas of social skill development, behavior problems, and lack of self-esteem. This study also established that the two treatment programs evaluated did not harm sexually abused students in these areas. The experienced Special Education Teachers and Social Workers who implemented Positive Action and The Sexually Abused Prevention Program all felt that education efforts such as these are enjoyable to the students, and given sufficient time, likely to produce positive results

Space shuttle: Verification of transition reentry corridor at high angles of attack and determination of transition aerodynamic characteristics and subsonic aerodynamic characteristics at low angles of attack for the Boeing H-32 booster

Experimental aerodynamic investigations were made in a transonic wind tunnel on a 1/150-scale model of the Boeing H-32 space shuttle booster configuration. The purpose of the test was: (1) to verify the transonic reentry corridor at high angles of attack; (2) to determine the transonic aerodynamic characteristics; and (3) to determine the subsonic aerodynamic characteristics at low angles of attack. Test variables included configuration buildup, horizontal stabilizer settings of 0 and -20 deg, elevator deflections of 0 and -30 deg, and wing spoiler settings of 60 deg

Improved Skin Friction Interferometer

An improved system for measuring aerodynamic skin friction which uses a dual-laser-beam oil-film interferometer was developed. Improvements in the optical hardware provided equal signal characteristics for each beam and reduced the cost and complexity of the system by replacing polarization rotation by a mirrored prism for separation of the two signals. An automated, objective, data-reduction procedure was implemented to eliminate tedious manual manipulation of the interferometry data records. The present system was intended for use in two-dimensional, incompressible flows over a smooth, level surface without pressure gradient, but the improvements discussed are not limited to this application

The Data Trust Solution to Data Sharing Problems

A small number of large companies hold most of the world’s data. Once in the hands of these companies, data subjects have little control over the use and sharing of their data. Additionally, this data is not generally available to small and medium enterprises or organizations who seek to use it for social good. A number of solutions have been proposed to limit Big Tech “power,” including antitrust actions and stricter privacy laws, but these measures are not likely to address both the oversharing and under-sharing of personal data. Although the data trust concept is being actively explored in the United Kingdom, European Union, and Canada, this is the first Article to take an in-depth look at the viability of data trusts from a US perspective. A data trust is a governance device that places an independent fiduciary intermediary between Big Tech and human data subjects. This Article explores how data trusts might be configured as bundles of contracts in the information supply chain. In addition to their benefits for the social good, data trusts might contribute to relieve some of the tension between EU and US privacy practices

Miniature grinder for solid specimens

Machine grinds fines to appropriate micron sizes with the least biological trauma and greatest degree of reproducibility. Device controls destruction of material so that recovery of microorganisms is as great as possible and protects operation and grinding products from exogenous contamination

Next-Generation Data Governance

The proliferation of sensors, electronic payments, click-stream data, location-tracking, biometric feeds, and smart home devices, creates an incredibly profitable market for both personal and non-personal data. It is also leading to an amplification of harm to those from or about whom the data is collected. Because federal law provides inadequate protection for data subjects, there are growing calls for organizations to implement data governance solutions. Unfortunately, in the U.S., the concept of data governance has not progressed beyond the management and monetization of data. Many organizations operate under an outdated paradigm which fails to consider the impact of data use on data subjects due to the proliferation of third-party service providers hawking their “check-the-box” data governance systems. As a result, American companies suffer from a lack of trust and are hindered in their international operations due to the higher data protection requirements of foreign regulators. After discussing the pitfalls of the traditional view of data governance and the limitations of suggested models, we propose a set of ten principles based on the Medical Code of Ethics. This framework, first encompassed in the Hippocratic Oath, has been evolving for over one thousand years advancing to a code of conduct based on stewardship. Just as medical ethics had to evolve as society changed and technology advanced, so too must data governance. We propose that a new iteration of data governance (Next-Gen Data Governance) can mitigate the harms resulting from the lack of data protection law in the U.S. and rebuild trust in American organizations