Lewis y Regulate Cell Cycle Related Factors in Ovarian Carcinoma Cell RMG-I in Vitro via ERK and Akt Signaling Pathways

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of Lewis y overexpression on the expression of proliferation-related factors in ovarian cancer cells. Methods: mRNA levels of cyclins, CDKs, and CKIs were measured in cells before and after transfection with the α1,2-fucosyltransferase gene by real-time PCR, and protein levels of cyclins, CDKs and CKIs were determined in cells before and after gene transfection by Western blot. Results: Lewis y overexpression led to an increase in both mRNA and protein expression levels of cyclin A, cyclin D1 and cyclin E in ovarian cancer cells, decrease in both mRNA and protein expression levels of p16 and p21, and decrease of p27 at only the protein expression level without change in its mRNA level. There were no differences in proteins and the mRNA levels of CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6 before and after gene transfection. Anti-Lewis y antibody, ERK and PI3K pathway inhibitors PD98059 and LY294002 reduced the difference in cyclin and CKI expression caused by Lewis y overexpression. Conclusion: Lewis y regulates the expression of cell cycle-related factors through ERK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways to promote cell proliferation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13 829 Keywords: Lewis(y) antigen; cell cycle; cyclin; cyclin-dependent kinases; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor

An Efficacious Endometrial Sampler for Screening Endometrial Cancer

Recently, the research on early detection of precancerous change and endometrial carcinoma has been focusing on minimally invasive procedures for screening. On this basis, we aim to verify the feasibility of endometrial samplers for screening endometrial cancer using Li Brush. We recruited patients undergoing hysterectomy for different diseases from the Inpatient Department of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Before surgery, endometrial cells were collected by Li Brush. The cytopathologic diagnosis from Li Brush and the histopathologic diagnosis from hysterectomy in the same patient were compared to calculate sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), false-negative rate (FNR), false-positive rate (FPR), positive predictive value (PV+) %, and negative predictive value (PV-). The research enrolled 293 women into this self-controlled trial. According to the hypothesis test of paired four lattices, we obtained the following indicators: Se 92.73, Sp 98.15, FNR 7.27, FPR 1.85, PV+92.73, and PV−98.15%. The endometrial sampler Li Brush is an efficacious instrument for screening endometrial cancer

Network Model Analysis of Quality Control Factors of Prefabricated Buildings Based on the Complex Network Theory

Prefabricated buildings are gradually gaining popularity in China because of their lower costs, shorter construction periods, and environmental friendliness. However, compared with traditional buildings, prefabricated buildings require coordination and management of processes such as component production, transportation and storage, and on-site component assembly. Therefore, managing the quality of prefabricated buildings is complex. In order to manage the quality of prefabricated buildings better, it is necessary to study the quality systems of prefabricated buildings. Firstly, by analyzing the logical relationship of each stage of the prefabricated buildings, we identified the key stages. Then, the main quality control factors that affect the qualities and relationships of the main quality control factors were derived by combining relevant building codes, literature studies, and project experiences; a network model of quality control factors of prefabricated buildings (NQPB) was constructed. Secondly, the complex network theory was applied to analyze the node degree, betweenness centrality, clustering coefficient, and other indicators of the NQPB to derive 17 key quality control factor nodes. The importance of the 17 key nodes in the quality management of prefabricated buildings was verified through a simulation. Next, the NQPB of Project A was constructed and analyzed, and five key nodes were identified. This demonstrates how the NQPB method can be applied to a specific prefabricated building project. Moreover, Project A was used as a case study to compare fault tree analysis (FTA), fishbone diagram, and 4MIE methods with the NQPB method to derive the potential advantages of the NQPB method. Finally, further analysis led to recommendations for quality management of prefabricated building projects in general as well as for Project A. This study can be used as a reference for quality control and assurance managers in all stages of prefabricated buildings and provide new ideas and methods for the quality analysis and management of prefabricated buildings

Network Model Analysis of Quality Control Factors of Prefabricated Buildings Based on the Complex Network Theory

Prefabricated buildings are gradually gaining popularity in China because of their lower costs, shorter construction periods, and environmental friendliness. However, compared with traditional buildings, prefabricated buildings require coordination and management of processes such as component production, transportation and storage, and on-site component assembly. Therefore, managing the quality of prefabricated buildings is complex. In order to manage the quality of prefabricated buildings better, it is necessary to study the quality systems of prefabricated buildings. Firstly, by analyzing the logical relationship of each stage of the prefabricated buildings, we identified the key stages. Then, the main quality control factors that affect the qualities and relationships of the main quality control factors were derived by combining relevant building codes, literature studies, and project experiences; a network model of quality control factors of prefabricated buildings (NQPB) was constructed. Secondly, the complex network theory was applied to analyze the node degree, betweenness centrality, clustering coefficient, and other indicators of the NQPB to derive 17 key quality control factor nodes. The importance of the 17 key nodes in the quality management of prefabricated buildings was verified through a simulation. Next, the NQPB of Project A was constructed and analyzed, and five key nodes were identified. This demonstrates how the NQPB method can be applied to a specific prefabricated building project. Moreover, Project A was used as a case study to compare fault tree analysis (FTA), fishbone diagram, and 4MIE methods with the NQPB method to derive the potential advantages of the NQPB method. Finally, further analysis led to recommendations for quality management of prefabricated building projects in general as well as for Project A. This study can be used as a reference for quality control and assurance managers in all stages of prefabricated buildings and provide new ideas and methods for the quality analysis and management of prefabricated buildings

Serum Anti-Aging Protein α-Klotho Mediates the Association between Diet Quality and Kidney Function

Adherence to healthy dietary patterns is associated with a reduced risk of kidney dysfunction. Nevertheless, the age-related mechanisms that underpin the relationship between diet and kidney function remain undetermined. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of serum α-Klotho, an anti-aging protein, in the link between a healthy diet and kidney function. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a cohort of 12,817 individuals aged between 40 and 79 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2016. For each participant, the Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015) score was calculated as a measure of a healthy dietary pattern. Creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was used to assess kidney function. Multivariable regression models were used to analyze the association between the standardized HEI-2015 score and eGFR after adjusting for potential confounders. Causal mediation analysis was performed to assess whether serum α-Klotho influenced this association. The mean (±SD) eGFR of all individuals was 86.8 ± 19.8 mL/min per 1.73 m2. A high standardized HEI-2015 score was associated with a high eGFR (β [95% CI], 0.94 [0.64–1.23]; p < 0.001). The mediation analysis revealed that serum α-Klotho accounted for 5.6–10.5% of the association of standardized overall HEI-2015 score, total fruits, whole fruits, greens and beans, and whole grain with eGFR in the NHANES. According to the results from the subgroup analysis, serum α-Klotho exerted a mediating effect in the participants aged 60–79 years and in males. A healthy diet may promote kidney function by up-regulating serum anti-aging α-Klotho. This novel pathway suggests important implications for dietary recommendations and kidney health

Elevated Levels of Lewis Y and Integrin &amp;#945;5&amp;#946;1 Correlate with Chemotherapeutic Drug Resistance in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma

Objective: To measure Lewis y and integrin &amp;#945;5&amp;#946;1 expression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma and to correlate the levels of these molecules with ovarian carcinoma chemotherapy and prognosis. Methods: The study population included 34 ovarian carcinoma patients with chemotherapeutic drug-resistance, six partially drug-sensitive cases, and 52 drug-sensitive cases (92 total). Immunochemistry was used to determine expression of Lewis y antigen and integrin &amp;#945;5&amp;#946;1 in ovarian carcinoma tissues, and correlation of these molecules with chemotherapy resistance was further investigated, Multi-factor logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate: age, surgical stage, grade, subtype of patient cases, metastasis of lymph nodes, residual tumor size, expression levels of Lewis y antigen and integrin &amp;#945;5&amp;#946;1 correlation with ovarian carcinoma chemotherapy resistance. Results: The expression rates of Lewis y antigen and integrins &amp;#945;5 and &amp;#946;1 were significantly greater in the drug-resistant group (91.17%, 85.29%, 88.24%) than the partially sensitive (50.00%, 33.33%, 50.00%) or sensitive groups (61.54%, 57.69%, 55.77%). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that surgical stage, residual tumor size, and expression of integrin &amp;#945;5 and Lewis y in ovarian carcinoma tissues were independent risk factors for chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Conclusions: Overexpression of Lewis y and integrin &amp;#945;5 are strong risk factors for chemotherapeutic drug resistance in ovarian carcinoma patients

Nuclear respiratory factor 1 promotes spheroid survival and mesenchymal transition in mammary epithelial cells

Epithelial cells aggregate into spheroids when deprived of matrix, and the proclivity for spheroid formation and survival is a hallmark of normal and tumorigenic mammary stem cells. We show here that Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 (NRF1) is a spheroid promoter by in silico identification of this transcription factor as highly connected to top shRNA-hits deduced from re-iterative selections for shRNAs enriched in MCF10A spheroids. NRF1-promoted spheroid survival is linked to its stimulation of mitochondrial OXPHOS, cell migration, invasion, and mesenchymal transition. Conversely, NRF1 knockdown in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells reduced spheroids, migration, invasion, and mesenchymal marker expression. NRF1 knockdown also reduced tumor burden in mammary fat pads and lungs of orthotopic- or tail vein-transplanted mice. With the Luminal A subtype of breast cancer, higher NRF1 expression is associated with lower survival. These results show that NRF1, an activator of mitochondrial metabolism, supports mammary spheroid survival and tumor development

Data from: A novel solution configuration on liquid-based endometrial cytology

Objective: Early detection and diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma and precancerous change would undoubtedly become the most alluring part for researchers. With the emergence of endometrial brush samplers, a new upsurge in endometrial cytology is in the making. But endometrial specimens obtained by the endometrial brush samplers require special preservation solution. The objective of this study is to develop a new kind of endometrial-cell preservation solution and to test the availability compared with a patented liquid-based cell preservation solution. Methods: In this controlled study, we had 5 endometrial cases collected with Li Brush from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (09/2016 to 12/2016). The samples of each case were collected 2 times separately and perserved in different perservation solutions. One was a kind of novel endometrial cell preservation solution and the other was a kind of patented liquid-based cell (LBC) preservation solution. The endometrial cells were smeared on slides by using the ZP-C automated slide preparation system and stained with Papanicolaou stain. A semi-quantitative scoring system was used to analyze the quality of slides. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test on the SPSS program (SPSS 18.0). In all LBC preparations, endometrial cells from the novel endometrial cells preservation solution had more cell quantity, less red blood cell fragments, and the background was cleaner compared with control group. Although the novel endometrial-cell preservation solution showed cellularity and absence of blood and debris expressed by no statistically significant differences (p = 0.063 and 0.102 respectively). The preservation period of the two kinds of liquids was equivalent. Conclusions: The novel endometrial-cell preservation solution is superior to the liquid-base cell preservation solution for cervical cells, with clear background, diagnostic cells and low cost

High-Speed GaN-Based Superluminescent Diode for 4.57 Gbps Visible Light Communication

Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising technology for next-generation high-speed optical wireless data links. Among various transmitters, GaN-based superluminescent diodes (SLDs) show interesting characteristics, including a large modulation bandwidth, droop free and low speckle noise, which makes them attractive for VLC applications. In this work, we design and fabricate a blue-emitting SLD utilizing tilted facet configuration. Using SLD as the light source, a VLC system is experimentally demonstrated. A record data rate of 4.57 gigabit per second (Gbps) is achieved with adaptive bit-loading discrete multiple tone (DMT) modulation, while the highest modulation format reaches 256 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The corresponding bit error rate (BER) is ~3.5 × 10−3, which is below the forward error correction (FEC) threshold of 3.8 × 10−3