Android Permissions Remystified: A Field Study on Contextual Integrity

Due to the amount of data that smartphone applications can potentially access, platforms enforce permission systems that allow users to regulate how applications access protected resources. If users are asked to make security decisions too frequently and in benign situations, they may become habituated and approve all future requests without regard for the consequences. If they are asked to make too few security decisions, they may become concerned that the platform is revealing too much sensitive information. To explore this tradeoff, we instrumented the Android platform to collect data regarding how often and under what circumstances smartphone applications are accessing protected resources regulated by permissions. We performed a 36-person field study to explore the notion of "contextual integrity," that is, how often are applications accessing protected resources when users are not expecting it? Based on our collection of 27 million data points and exit interviews with participants, we examine the situations in which users would like the ability to deny applications access to protected resources. We found out that at least 80% of our participants would have preferred to prevent at least one permission request, and overall, they thought that over a third of requests were invasive and desired a mechanism to block them

Modified approach for harmonic reduction in three-phase to seven-phase using transformer winding connections

Three phase supply is available in the generating station or grid, were as seven phase supply is required for many industrial applications such as, aerospace, railway and automobile applications. There are different methods in which we can convert 3 to 7 phase using 24-Pulse Converter, Carrier Based PWM Technique, multilevel converter and Multiphase Transformer. The above said methods which are more complicated to design for higher ratings or a pure sine wave will not be obtained or harmonics will be more. For Multiphase power transmission system multiphase transformers are needed. In the multiphase power transmission and multiphase rectifier systems, the number of phase can be designed and developed in multiples of three. Therefore, the variable speed multiphase drive system considered in the literature are mostly of five, seven, nine, eleven, twelve, and fifteen phase. So, there is a need to design and develop special transformer which converts from 3 to 7 phase for different arrangement of input and output. Thus, with the proposed technique, a pure seven-phase sine-wave of fixed voltage/current and frequency is obtained, which can be used for RL load and motor testing purposes. Complete design and simulation of the proposed solution is presented. Analytical calculation and simulation results for RL load is presented in the paper. This model can be simulated by using Orcad simulation software and “SimPowerSystem” block sets of MATLAB/SIMULINK software

Effect of Epoetin Alfa and Sodium Valproate in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Background: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is an important precancerous disease leading to blood malignancies. Prompt diagnosis and treatment would result in better outcome in patients. Purpose of the study was to determine the effect of Epoetin Alfa and Sodium Valproate in patients with MDS. Materials and Methods: In this interventional quasi-experimental study, 50 consecutive patients with MDS from Taleghani Hospital (Tehran, Iran) in 2016-2017 were enrolled. They underwent treatment for eight months with 10000 units per month from Epoetin Alfa plus 200 mg TDS from Sodium Valproate. The hematological response was determined according to the hemoglobin, platelet, and neutrophil. Results: Hematological response was present in 68%. The packed cell treatment were decreased significantly (P=0.040) and 56% of patients had no receipt of packed cells after treatment. Conclusion: It is concluded that Epoetin Alfa plus Sodium Valproate was effective in treatment of patients with Myelodysplastic syndrome and use of this combination therapy is recommended

Traffic Flow Prediction Using MI Algorithm and Considering Noisy and Data Loss Conditions: An Application to Minnesota Traffic Flow Prediction

Traffic flow forecasting is useful for controlling traffic flow, traffic lights, and travel times. This study uses a multi-layer perceptron neural network and the mutual information (MI) technique to forecast traffic flow and compares the prediction results with conventional traffic flow forecasting methods. The MI method is used to calculate the interdependency of historical traffic data and future traffic flow. In numerical case studies, the proposed traffic flow forecasting method was tested against data loss, changes in weather conditions, traffic congestion, and accidents. The outcomes were highly acceptable for all cases and showed the robustness of the proposed flow forecasting method

Effect of zinc foliar application on auxin and gibberellin hormones and catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity of corn (Zea mays L) under water stress

To study the effects of zinc foliar application and water stress on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of corn, an experiment was conducted in Varamin, Iran during the growing season of 2011. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks in factorial arrangement with four replications. Factors included water stress (complete irrigation, irrigation after 90 mm of water evaporation and irrigation after 130 mm of water evaporation from class A pan) and the zinc foliar applications were as follows: 0, zinc sulfate and zinc chelate. Result showed that severe water stress decreased seed yield, oil percentage, chlorophyll content, relative water content, zinc grain content, auxin and gibberellin, and it caused an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity. Zinc foliar application increased all tested attributes under severe water stress. The results of these tests showed that zinc foliar application was effective against the detrimental effects of water stress

An investigation on the effects of justice on customer’s trust in insurance firms

This paper presents an investigation on the effects of various components of justice including distributive justice, interactional justice and procedural justice on building a mutual trust among customers in insurance firms. The proposed study of this paper uses a questionnaire originally developed by Daniels [Daniels, N. (1996). Justice and justification: Reflective equilibrium in theory and practice (Vol. 22). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.] and designs a questionnaire for measuring trust. The study was performed among 384 people who had used insurance services in city of Tehran, Iran. Cronbach alphas for two questionnaires of justice and trust are 0.799 and 0.935, respectively, which are well above the minimum acceptable level. Using Spearman correlation test, the study has detected that two justice components, interactional justice and procedural justice, positively influence on customers’ trust, significantly

New insight in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 consideration: Applied machine learning for nutrition quality, microbiome and microbial food poisoning concerns

Although almost two years have passed since the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the world, there is still a threat to the health of people at risk and patients. Specialists in various sciences conduct various researches in order to eliminate or reduce the problems caused by this disease. Nutrition is one of the sciences that plays a very important supportive role in this regard. It is important for patients to pay attention to the potential of different diets in preventing or accelerating the healing process. The relationship between nutrition and microbiome regulation or the occurrence of food microbial poisoning is one of the factors that can directly or indirectly play a key role in the body's resilience to COVID-19. In this article, we introduce a link between nutrition, the microbiome, and the incidence of food microbial poisoning that may have great potential in preventing, treating COVID-19, or preventing deterioration in patients. In linking the components of this network, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and data mining (DM) can be important strategies and lead to the creation of a conceptual model called "Balance square", which we will introduce

The Readiness of Hospitals to Implement the RFID Technology

Introduction: This study is implemented with the aim of a systematic collecting and reviewing of conducted researches in connection with the implementation of the Radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology. Methods: This study has examined the existent literatures in databases such as Google Scholar, ISI Web of Knowledge and Science Direct by using the qualitative research methods as a systematical review. The statistical society in this study consisted of archival sources that were collected and classified by the systematic review protocol and were analyzed by using the Marshall and Rasman model. Results: There were many concerns for the use of this technology to optimize the use of RFID technology, especially in the developing country. Using the experiences of developed countries in the use of this technology and changing it according to the conditions could be a major contribution to the use of this technology. Conclusion: Studies done in this area are limited but they will have growth, yet need culture.  It is said that the use of this technology is evident in various industry and society sectors especially in the healthcare sector

Levofloxacin-containing triple therapy versus bismuth-based quadruple therapy as regimens for second line anti- Helicobacter pylori

Background: Although the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection decreased following the hygiene promotion and application of proper anti- H.pylori treatments, unfortunately gradual increase is reported in treatment failure; hence, application of a proper treatment regimen as a second-line therapy is of great importance. Methods: In the current randomized, clinical trial, a total of 120 patients with peptic ulcers who failed to respond to treatment were enrolled. In the OLA group, a regimen of omeprazole 40 mg/day, levofloxacin 1 g/day, and amoxicillin 2 g/ day was prescribed; however, a regimen of omeprazole 40 mg/day, bismuth sub-citrate 480 mg/day, furazolidone 400 mg/day, and amoxicillin 2 g/day was administered to the OFAB group. Both groups were treated for 2 weeks, and 6 weeks after the treatment, the urea breath test (UBT) was performed in the subjects. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS Version 18. At the end, 58 patients in group OLA and 57 patients in the OFAB group were analyzed. Results: According to the results of the current study, 96.7 of the subjects in the OLA and 95 in the OFAB groups completed the treatment course and the eradication rates were 86.7 and 78.3 in the OLA and OFAB groups, respectively (P=0.23). Treatment side effects were observed in 51.7 and 11.7 of the subjects in the OLA and OFAB groups, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion: Both regimens were applicable as the second-line therapy due to insignificant difference between the results of the 2 groups; however, OLA regimen was superior to OFAB, due to lower side effects. &#160

Morbidity and mortality after robot-assisted radical cystectomy with intracorporeal urinary diversion in octogenarians: results from the European Association of Urology Robotic Urology Section Scientific Working Group

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the postoperative complication and mortality rate following laparoscopic radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD) in octogenarians. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis comparing postoperative complication and mortality rates depending on age in a consecutive series of 1890 patients who underwent RARC with ICUD for bladder cancer between 2004 and 2018 in 10 European centres. Outcomes of patients aged <80 years and those aged ≥80 years were compared with regard to postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo grading) and mortality rate. Cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM) after surgery were calculated using the non-parametric Aalen-Johansen estimator. RESULTS: A total of 1726 patients aged <80 years and 164 aged ≥80 years were included in the analysis. The 30- and 90-day rate for high-grade (Clavien–Dindo grades III–V) complications were 15% and 21% for patients aged <80 years compared to 11% and 13% for patients aged ≥80 years (P = 0.2 and P = 0.03), respectively. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusting for pre- and postoperative variables, age ≥80 years was not an independent predictor of high-grade complications (odds ratio 0.6, 95% confidence interval 0.3–1.1; P = 0.12). The non-cancer-related 90-day mortality was 2.3% for patients aged ≥80 years and 1.8% for those aged <80 years, respectively (P = 0.7). The estimated 12-month CSM and OCM rates for those aged <80 years were 8% and 3%, and for those aged ≥80 years, 15% and 8%, respectively (P = 0.009 and P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The minimally invasive approach to RARC with ICUD for bladder cancer in well-selected elderly patients (aged ≥80 years) achieved a tolerable high-grade complication rate; the 90-day postoperative mortality rate was driven by cancer progression and the non-cancer-related rate was equivalent to that of patients aged <80 years. However, an increased OCM rate in this elderly group after the first year should be taken into account. These results will support clinicians and patients when balancing cancer-related vs treatment-related risks and benefits