Effect of Implant Diameter on its Survival Rate among a Group of Iranian Warfare Victims Presenting to QaziTabatabai Clinic Affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University during 2000-2010

Objective: At present, treatment of edentulous areas with implant-supported prosthesis has greatly increased. The aim of this study was to assess the survival rate of implants with different diameters. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 239 warfare victims presenting to Qazi Tabatabaie Clinic during 2000-2010. A total of 1,649 implants were placed. The success criteria included presence of osteointegrated implants with no sign of infection, mobility, or lucency around them. Data were extracted from patients’ records and recorded in questionnaires. Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi-square or Log-Rank test.Results: A total of 1,533 implants were evaluated out of which, 61 (4%) had failed. Survival rate of implants of different brands had a significant association with implant diameter as the highest failure rate was observed in implants with 5-6.5 mm diameter and the lowest failure rate belonged to 3-3.5 mm diameter implants.Conclusion: Study results demonstrated that the survival of implants may be affected by their diameter as the failure rate was higher in implants with greater diameters

Association between Clinical Symptoms and Histological Features of Molars with Acute Pulpitis

Introduction: Diagnosis of dental pulp status on the basis of clinical signs in many cases helps clinicians to better resolve patient problems. Various studies have shown no correlation between clinical and histologic findings. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associations between clinical findings and histological features in extracted decayed teeth with acute pulpitis. Materials and Methods: One hundred permanent cavitated human teeth with mature apices and pulpitis, which were extracted for reasons not related to the present study, were evaluated. Demographic, clinical, and radiographic data were collected using pre-designed questionnaires. After tooth extraction, 5 micron-thick slices were prepared for microscopic assessment. General pathologist evaluated reactions to stimuli in all areas of the pulp tissue under a light microscope. When present, inflammation was classified according to the type and spread of cell detected and other histological findings, such as abscess formation, pulp stones, and pulpal fibrosis, were also recorded. Results: We found significant associations between pain characteristics, such as pain type and duration, and histological status.  Acute inflammation, severe chronic inflammation, and liquefactive necrosis increased with pain severity. Various histological sections showed the absence of pulpal inflammation. Conclusions: We found a good agreement of patients’ pain histories and pain characteristics with histological pulp status. Thus, the use of specified CHARTs and SCALEs that help patients provide the most accurate responses to questions about pain would aid the diagnosis of pulp status. In cases with an accurate pulpal diagnosis, the clinicians can manage pulpal protection when it is possible

Low-Power ASIC Design for Multiple Integrated Sensors Applications

poster abstractThe aim of this work is to develop sensor integrated low-power chip for biomedical and other applications. Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology in integrated circuit (IC) design has been applied to develop application specific integrated circuits (ASIC). An ASIC design that includes analog and digital sub-systems for various applications forming a system on chip (SoC) is presented. The analog sub-system drives multiple sensors, while the digital sub-system manages power, sensors, and signal output. A frequency of the pulse signals generated by the analog sub-system depends on the input voltage, which in-turn varies with sensor parameters. The frequency change of 750 MHz to 1 GHz was observed for input voltage variations of 1.2 to 2.2 V, with sensitivity of 10 mV. A separate temperature sensor included in the analog sub-system demonstrated frequency change of 830 to 440 MHz for temperature variations of ˗50°C to 100°C with resolution of 1°C. The output signal in digital sub-system is generated by counting the input pulses for each clock which has ‘on-state’ of only 3/16 seconds. This results in a significant reduction in the power consumption. This poster presents and discusses the system design and simulation results

Evaluation of the expression of VIII factor and VEGF in the regeneration of non-vital teeth in dogs using propolis

Objective(s): The purpose of the present study was the immunohistochemical evaluation of VEGF and VII factors in dog’s teeth pulp revascularized with MTA and propolis. Materials and Methods: 144 mature and immature two rooted dog’s premolar canals were selected.  Pulp necrosis and infection were established after 2 weeks and the disinfection of the canals was done with copious NaOCl irrigation and triantibiotic mixture (ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline) for 3 weeks. Subsequently, the blood clot was evoked in the canal by periapical tissue irritation with a k-file. The samples were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups: propolis (groups 1, 2), MTA (groups 3, 4), and parafilm (groups 5, 6) in immature and mature teeth. The animals were sacrificed and samples were prepared for immunohistochemical evaluation of VEGF and the VIII factor. Results: Tissue regeneration was seen in 64.5% of MTA, 38% of propolis, and 0% of parafilm group samples. Expression of VEGF and VIII factor in the propolis group was more than the MTA group and it showed a reduction after 3 months in comparison to 1 month. VEGF and VIII factor were seen in stromal cells in addition to endothelial vessel cells. Overall, expression of angiogenic factors was more in the open apex teeth compared to close apex ones. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, propolis can induce the expression of VEGF and VIII factor in infected mature and immature dog’s teeth and is a suitable biomaterial for the revascularization technique

High-Sensitive Troponin I and Re-Hospitalization in Patients With Decompensated Congestive Heart Failure

Patients with heart failure (HF) are frequently admitted for episodes of decompensation. Cardiac troponins are easily accessible biomarkers role of which for risk stratification of re-hospitalization among HF patients is less certain. We aimed to evaluate high-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) levels among re-hospitalized patients with decompensated heart failure (D-HF). Consecutive subjects admitted with D-HF to 2 hospitals in Tehran, during the year 2014 were recruited. Excluded ones were patients with a suspected acute coronary syndrome or myocarditis/pericarditis, those with cardiopulmonary resuscitation/DC shock delivery, or major complications during or after hospitalization. Along with echocardiography parameters, level of hs-cTnI was checked at the first hour of hospitalization and 3 months after discharge. The patients were then categorized according to having or not having re-hospitalization during 3 months post discharge. A total of 97 patients were finally recruited. Among re-hospitalized patients, Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction was significantly lower (38±14 % vs. 50 ± 12%; P=0.001), and LV end-systolic dimension was significantly higher (44±9 mm vs. 38±11 mm; P=0.012) compared to the other group. Moreover, levels of hs-cTnI were significantly higher among the re-hospitalized patients, both at initial visit (0.66±0.43 ng/ml vs 0.51±0.14 ng/ml, respectively; P=0.017) and at 3 months (0.59±0.48 ng/ml vs 0.48±0.23 ng/ml, respectively; P=0.030). This prospective study demonstrated that levels of hs-cTnI (both at the base and at follow up) are higher among patients who readmitted during 3 months of hospitalization for D-HF

Gastric Epithelioid Rhabdomyosarcoma: Case Report

Epithelioid rhabdomyosarcoma is an uncommon tumor. It is found mainly in somatic soft tissues like parotid, urinary bladder, trunk, neck, and limbs. Only two cases of this tumor in gastrointestinal tract (liver and gastro esophageal junction) has been reported to date; thus, we herein reported an unusual site of this tumor in the pylorus part of the stomach. In the present paper, we studied a 67-year-old male subject with complaint of dyspepsia, belching, and reflux for about 4 years. He had also consumed herbal drugs to relieve the pain for several years. In the endoscopy procedure, there was a large tumor at the distal part of the gaster. Furthermore, excisional biopsy was performed and the histological specimens showed tumor necrosis with high mitotic cell counts, large vesicles, eosinophilic cytoplasm of epithelial cells, and round nuclei. Immunohistochemistry staining was positive for Myogenin, Desmin, MyoD1 (30% ratio), and Ki67 (70 % ratio). Computed tomography scan images showed several metastases to peritoneum and lungs. After initiating the treatment, the adverse effects of chemotherapy persuade us to discontinue the regimen. Finally, the patient died due to pulmonary embolism. To conclude, primary epithelioid rhabdomyosarcoma is a very rare lethal cancer that may be found as gastrointestinal cancers. Hence, it requires further diagnostic investigations in order for the best treatment to be found

Exploring the effect of intravenous lipid emulsion in acute methamphetamine toxicity

Objective(s): The increasing use of methamphetamine (METH) in the last decades has made it the second most abused drug. Advancs in the area of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) have led to its potential application in the treatment of poisoning. The present study aims to investigate the potential role of ILE as an antidote for acute METH poisoning. Materials and Methods: Two groups of six male rats were treated by METH (45 mg/kg), intraperitoneally. Five to seven min later, they received an infusion of 18.6 ml/kg ILE 20% through the tail vein or normal saline (NS). Locomotor and behavioral activity was assessed at different time after METH administration. Body temperature and survival rates were also evaluated. Brain and internal organs were then removed for histological examination and TUNEL assay. Results: ILE therapy for METH poisoning in rats could prevent rats mortalities and returned the METH-induced hyperthermia to normal rates (

Survival Rate of Non-Epithelial Ovarian Tumors in Iran

Background: The aim of this study was to estimate the overall survival (OS) and relapse free survival (RFS) of the non-epithelial ovarian tumors (NEOTs) of ovarian germ cell tumors (OGCT) and ovarian sex cord tumors (OSCT) in Iranian women; we also evaluated the relative prognostic factors. Method: In this retrospective study, we screened the documents of all the women diagnosed with OGCTs and OSCTs from 2012 to 2019. We further assessed the OS, RFS, and different prognostic factors. Results: A statistically significant association existed between RFS and stage of the disease at diagnosis in OSCTs group by univariate analysis and multivariate analysis (HR: 0.25 (95% CI (0.08-0.78), P=0.01) and multivariate analysis (HR: 0.27 (95% CI (0.08-0.97), P=0.04), respectively. The kaplan-meier analysis and the Log Rrank (Mantel-Cox) showed a statistically significant relationship between the stage at diagnosis and RFS in OGCT group (P=0.042). RFS was 96% for OGCT patients, and 92.7% for OSCT patients. During the follow-up, only one patient passed away in the dysgerminoma group; the OS rate was 98% for OGCT patients, and 100% for OSCT patients. Conclusion: The OS and RFS obtained in this study confirmed that the ovarian germ cell and sex cord malignancies were among the highly treatable solid tumors. Stage can be proposed as the main prognostic factor; also, larger series of studies are needed for detecting the prognostic significance of serum markers

Low-Power ASIC Design with Integrated Multiple Sensor System

A novel method of power management and sequential monitoring of several sensors is proposed in this work. Application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) consisting of analog and digital sub-systems forming a system on chip (SoC) has been designed using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The analog sub-system comprises the sensor-drivers that convert the input voltage variations to output pulse-frequency. The digital sub-system includes the system management unit (SMU), counter, and shift register modules. This performs the power-usage-management, sensor-sequence-control, and output-data-frame-generation functions. The SMU is the key unit within the digital sub-system is that enables or disables a sensor. It captures the pulse waves from a sensor for 3 clocks out of a 16-clock cycle, and transmits the signal to the counter modules. As a result, the analog sub-system is at on-state for only 3/16th fraction (18 %) of the time, leading to reduced power consumption. Three cycles is an optimal number selected for the presented design as the system is unstable with less than 3 cycles and higher clock cycles result in increased power consumption. However, the system can achieve both higher sensitivity and better stability with increased on-state clock cycles. A current-starved-ring-oscillator generates pulse waves that depend on the sensor input parameter. By counting the number of pulses of a sensor-driver in one clock cycle, a sensor input parameter is converted to digital. The digital sub-system constructs a 16-bit frame consisting of 8-bit sensor data, start and stop bits, and a parity bit. Ring oscillators that drive capacitance and resistance-based sensors use an arrangement of delay elements with two levels of control voltages. A bias unit which provides these two levels of control voltages consists of CMOS cascade current mirror to maximize voltage swing for control voltage level swings which give the oscillator wider tuning range and lower temperature induced variations. The ring oscillator was simulated separately for 250 nm and 180 nm CMOS technologies. The simulation results show that when the input voltage of the oscillator is changed by 1 V, the output frequency changes linearly by 440 MHz for 180 nm technology and 206 MHz for 250 nm technology. In a separate design, a temperature sensitive ring oscillator with symmetrical load and temperature dependent input voltage was implemented. When the temperature in the simulation model was varied from -50°C to 100°C the oscillator output frequency reduced by 510 MHz for the 250 nm and by 810 MHz for 180 nm CMOS technologies, respectively. The presented system does not include memory unit, thus, the captured sensor data has to be instantaneously transmitted to a remote station, e.g. end user interface. This may result in a loss of sensor data in an event of loss of communication link with the remote station. In addition, the presented design does not include transmitter and receiver modules, and thus necessitates the use of separate modules for the transfer of the data

Adaptive MLSDE Receivers for Wireless Communications

This thesis presents the structural design, performance evaluation and complexity reduction of adaptive maximum likelihood sequence detection and estimation (MLSDE) receivers for wireless communications. The receiver structure is developed based on the maximum likelihood (ML) criterion for joint channel estimation and data detection and using the expectation and maximization (EM) algorithm. Generalized MLSDE (GMLSDE) algorithm, which alternates between estimation and detection and at the same time increases the likelihood iteratively, is developed using the on-line EM algorithm. The GMLSDE provides the theoretical ML base from which per-survivor processing (using different estimators for each survivor path) and conventional channel estimation (using only one estimator for all survivor paths) can be deduced for different channel models. Numerous adaptive MLSDE receiver structures are developed for different channel models from the GMLSDE algorithm using causal estimation and detection methods which only guarantee increasing the likelihood. Although some structures are new, th