One Belt One Road initiative: A Revolution on Regional and Global Development

The One Belt One Road (OBOR) initiative is a historical landmark which intends to connect more than two-thirds of the world population and opening up the windows for reviving global business, peace and infrastructural development across the countries. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the OBOR initiative in general and also, to analyze its contribution towards economy and development. The sources of this paper are the published literature, newspaper articles and web information. The paper suggests that though some countries will be benefitted more due to the strategic location advantages, all the member countries will be advantageous if they can use the opportunity with better policy implementation. The authors hope that this paper will be useful for the academicians, policy makers and businessmen who want to study further and implement policies according to the OBOR plan

HOW TO PROVIDE QUALITY TEACHING ENVIRONMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: BANGLADESH CASE

Achieving inclusive and quality education for all, we strongly belief that education is one of the most powerful and proven vehicles for sustainable development. Conscious dreams are the result of weird mathematical manipulation of our daily life. We see a dream that, one day the education system of Bangladesh will be on the right track. On 16th December 1971 Bangladesh after getting independent from suppression, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the father of the Nation had a dream to build a successful nation, namely Shonar Bangla. For doing the same, it was necessary to build an educated nation not only by producing Dr., Engineers, and Teachers but also by producing effective practical knowledgeable human resources. To formulate an effective education policy, different government formed different commission but, due to some invisible reason, no commission got materialized. In this current conceptual paper, we will be focusing on Bangladeshi educational institute and, education policies, to find out the obstacles behind providing quality teaching and effective learning.  Article visualizations

A review on deep-learning-based cyberbullying detection

Bullying is described as an undesirable behavior by others that harms an individual physically, mentally, or socially. Cyberbullying is a virtual form (e.g., textual or image) of bullying or harassment, also known as online bullying. Cyberbullying detection is a pressing need in today’s world, as the prevalence of cyberbullying is continually growing, resulting in mental health issues. Conventional machine learning models were previously used to identify cyberbullying. However, current research demonstrates that deep learning surpasses traditional machine learning algorithms in identifying cyberbullying for several reasons, including handling extensive data, efficiently classifying text and images, extracting features automatically through hidden layers, and many others. This paper reviews the existing surveys and identifies the gaps in those studies. We also present a deep-learning-based defense ecosystem for cyberbullying detection, including data representation techniques and different deep-learning-based models and frameworks. We have critically analyzed the existing DL-based cyberbullying detection techniques and identified their significant contributions and the future research directions they have presented. We have also summarized the datasets being used, including the DL architecture being used and the tasks that are accomplished for each dataset. Finally, several challenges faced by the existing researchers and the open issues to be addressed in the future have been presented

INDUCED SPAWNING AND LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF VIETNAMESE KOI, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792), USING SALMON GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE ANALOGUE (S-GnRHA)

The present research work has been carried out to obtain evidence on breeding and embryonic growth of A. testudineus by using S-GnRHa. Fish were injected with three different doses (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mL/kg body weight) of synthetic hormone S-GnRHa each with three replications, where male brood fish received half of the doses of female. The fecundity of A. testudineus was ranged from 47,227 to 77,561 during the study period and except control group all the hormone received group ovulated within 12 hours of hormone injection. Among all groups, the highest fertilization rate (89.33%), highest hatching rate (79.5%) as well as highest survival rate (67.0%) was obtained at 0.5 mL/kg body weight hormone dose recipient group. The fertilized egg’s diameter was recorded as 77.59 ± 3.50 µm. The first cleavage had appeared within 18-25 min of fertilization and eventually the morula, blastula, and gastrula stages were observed at 3:10 h, 4 h, and 5:30 h, respectively after fertilization. Larvae with distinguished head, body form and tail appendage spotted between 17-22 h and the larvae started hatching at 19 h after fertilization. The average length of larvae accounted as 105.41 ± 3.73 µm. The findings of present study revealed that 0.5 mL/kg S-GnRHa could be efficient dose for successful induced breeding of A. testudineus

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Oxovanadium(IV) Complexes Containing α-Amino Acid Schiff Bases and 5,6-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline Ligands

Five oxovanadium(IV) complexes of the type [VO(L)(DPhen)], containing Schiff base derived from α-amino acid, [where L = 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde-α-alanine (hb-Ala), 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde-DL-phenylalanine (hb-Phe), 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde-leucine (hb-Leu), 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde-glycine (hb-Gly) and 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde-DL-methionine (hb-Met) & DPhen = 5,6-Dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline] have been synthesized and characterized by some physicochemical properties, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibilities measurements, elemental analysis, UV-Visible, FT-IR and EIS-MS spectral studies. The molar conductance values evidenced the non-electrolytic nature of the complexes. The magnetic moment values of the complexes are in accordance with the d1 electronic configuration of the VIVO2+ moiety and indicates the paramagnetic behavior of the complexes. IR spectral data indicates the coordination of tridentate amino acid Schiff base ligands to the vanadyl (VO2+) ion through O, N, O-donor. ESI-MS spectral study confirmed the proposed structure of the complexes. All the analytical data suggested that all the complexes possess to have distorted octahedral geometry. The complexes were screened for their antibacterial activity against four human pathogenic bacteria; two Gram positive Escherichia coli & Pseudomonas aeruginosa and two Gram negative Staphylococcus aureus & Bacillus cereus with Kanamycin (K-30) standard. The result shows that all the complexes have moderate to strong potential antibacterial activity against all the pathogenic bacteria. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Trends in maternal health services in Bangladesh before, during and after COVID-19 lockdowns: Evidence from national routine service data

Bangladesh instituted a national lockdown to contain community transmission of COVID-19, initially for ten days, from March 26 to April 4, 2020, then extended through May 30. During the lockdown, the pandemic and its mitigation measures’ impacts on social, economic, and financial aspects of life in Bangladesh were widely documented. Disruptions to the health system, particularly critical maternal health services, however, have received relatively less attention. This brief provides details on a study that analyzed potential impacts of COVID-19 and its related mitigation measures on maternal health services in Bangladesh, examining national and district trends in antenatal care (ANC), institutional delivery, and postnatal care (PNC). Monthly service statistics from January through July 2020 from the Directorate General of Family Planning of Bangladesh’s Ministry of Health and Family Welfare were examined to determine ANC, institutional delivery, and PNC service trends. Analysis did not include statistics from the Directorate General of Health Service, which are not publicly available

Trends in family planning services in Bangladesh before, during and after COVID-19 lockdowns: Evidence from national routine service data

Bangladesh instituted a national lockdown to contain community transmission of COVID-19 initially for ten days, from March 26 to April 4, 2020, then extended through May 30. During the lockdown, the pandemic and its mitigation measures’ impacts on social, economic, and financial aspects of life in Bangladesh were widely documented. Disruptions to the health system, however, have received relatively less attention. This brief provides details on a study that analyzed the impacts of COVID-19 and its related mitigation measures on family planning (FP) services in Bangladesh, examining national and district trends for distribution and use of short-acting, long-acting and reversible, and permanent contraception, utilizing publicly available service statistics from before, during, and after the lockdowns. Monthly service statistics from the Directorate General of Family Planning (DGFP) of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of Bangladesh were examined to determine trends in distribution and provision of short-acting (pill, condom, injectables), long-acting and reversible (intrauterine device and implant), and permanent contraceptive methods from January to July 2020, utilizing service statistics from both public- and private-sector providers that constitute DGFP data

Data-driven solution to identify sentiments from online drug reviews.

With the proliferation of the internet, social networking sites have become a primary source of user-generated content, including vast amounts of information about medications, diagnoses, treatments, and disorders. Comments on previously used medicines, contained within these data, can be leveraged to identify crucial adverse drug reactions, and machine learning (ML) approaches such as sentiment analysis (SA) can be employed to derive valuable insights. However, given the sheer volume of comments, it is often impractical for consumers to manually review all of them before determining a purchase decision. Therefore, drug assessments can serve as a valuable source of medical information for both healthcare professionals and the general public, aiding in decision making and improving public monitoring systems by revealing collective experiences. Nonetheless, the unstructured and linguistic nature of the comments poses a significant challenge for effective categorization, with previous studies having utilized machine and deep learning (DL) algorithms to address this challenge. Despite both approaches showing promising results, DL classifiers outperformed ML classifiers in previous studies. Therefore, the objective of our study was to improve upon earlier research by applying SA to medication reviews and training five ML algorithms on two distinct feature extractions and four DL classifiers on two different word-embedding approaches to obtain higher categorization scores. Our findings indicated that the random forest trained on the count vectorizer outperformed all other ML algorithms, achieving an accuracy and F1 score of 96.65% and 96.42%, respectively. Furthermore, the bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM) model trained on GloVe embedding resulted in an even better accuracy and F1 score, reaching 97.40% and 97.42%, respectively. Hence, by utilizing appropriate natural language processing and ML algorithms, we were able to achieve superior results compared to earlier studies

Study of the cellular mobile communication: services perspective comparisons and implementation analysis of 3G services against two 3G standards

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Elucidation of membrane stabilizing Potentials of Methanolic Extract of Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) Linn (seed)

Different concentration of methanolic extracts of seeds of Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) Linn collected from the local area of Noakhali, Bangladesh were studied for membrane Stabilizing Assay. V.unguiculata Linn seeds were initially collected, processed and extracted with methanol. Then, five different concentration (1mg/ml, 3mg/ml, 5mg/ml, 7mg/ml, 9mg/ml) of methanolic extract of Cowpea (V.unguiculata) were subjected for determination of membrane stabilizing activity. In the assay for membrane stabilizing activity, five different concentration of crude methanol extract capable to inhibit hemolysis of erythrocyte membrane dose dependently in hypotonic solution and heat- induced conditions, which indicates the anti-inflammatory property of the samples. Where, Acetyl salicylic acid was used as standard drug. From the above discussion it is clear that Vigna unguiculata Linn seeds methanolic extract showed significant anti-inflammatory potentials. So, it will be very much possible source for isolating lead compound for curing inflammatory disorder