Programmeerpaspoort

In het basisonderwijs wordt steeds vaker aandacht besteed aan programmeren, of aan computational thinking als onderdeel van leerlijn digitale geletterdheid. De niveauverschillen tussen kinderen hierin zijn groot, mede doordat sommige kinderen zelf al thuis bezig zijn met programmeren. Dit maakt het ingewikkeld voor leerkrachten om de lesstof af te stemmen op het niveau van de leerling. Stichting Groningen Programmeert heeft, samen met studenten van de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen en de Hanzehogeschool, een programmeerpaspoort ontwikkeld waarin de voortgang van leerlingen wordt bijgehouden en dynamisch de meest leerzaamste lessen voor kinderen selecteert. In deze sessie demonstreren we het resultaat en vertellen we over onze ervaringen

A simple quantitative method analysing amikacin, gentamicin, and vancomycin levels in human newborn plasma using ion-pair liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and its applicability to a clinical study

Neuroprotective controlled therapeutic hypothermia is the standard of care for newborns suffering perinatal asphyxia. Antibiotic drugs, such as amikacin, gentamicin, and vancomycin are frequently administered during controlled hypothermia, which possibly alters their pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles. In order to examine this effect an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of amikacin, the major gentamicin components (gentamicin C, Cl a and C2), and vancomycin in plasma was developed. In 25 mu L plasma proteins were precipitated with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and detection of the components was achieved using ion-pair reversed phase chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The chromatographic runtime was 7.5 min per sample. Calibration standards were prepared over a range of 0.3-50 mg L-1 for amikacin and gentamicin and 1.0-100 mg L-1 for vancomycin. At LLOQ accuracy was between 103 and 120% and imprecision was less than 19%. For concentrations above LLOQ accuracy ranged from 98% to 102% and imprecision was less than 6%. Process efficiency, ionization efficiency, and recovery were acceptable. Samples and stock solutions were stable during the time periods and at the different temperatures examined. The applicability of the method was shown by analysing plasma samples from 3 neonatal patients. The developed method allows accurate and precise simultaneous quantification of amikacin, gentamicin, and vancomycin in a small volume (25 mu L) of plasma. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved