Atmospheric anisotrophy and its effect on the delay power spectra of tropospheric scatter radio signals

In this thesis, the atmospheric anisotropy and its effect on the delay power spectra of signals received on troposcatter radio links have been studied. A simplified model for determining an anisotropy coefficient is suggested. Theoretical and measured anisotropy profiles are utilized in the calculations of the delay power spectra of tropospheric links;The simplified anisotropic model offers definite advantages for extracting the anisotropy coefficient. One advantage is the evaluation of the anisotropy coefficient using data from a single time delay shell. Another advantage lies in the relative ease of implementing the inversion process;The impact of the anisotropy on the troposcatter channel as a communication link is studied. Bello\u27s model for the troposcatter channel is modified to include the effect of the anisotropy on the delay power spectra. Several theoretical anisotropy profiles based on the experimental observations and the corresponding spectra are evaluated. It has been found that the anisotropy will result in increased multipath spread and mean delay parameters. This will have a direct effect on the irreducible bit error rate (BER) due to intermodulation distortion. Our calculations indicate that an order of magnitude increase in the BER due to the atmospheric anisotropy could result

Exploring Female Empowerment: A Comparative Study of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice and Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre

This research paper explores female empowerment in literature via a comparative analysis of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice and Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre. The paper examines the main female characters in each novel, their portrayal of agency, independence, and autonomy, and the social and cultural factors that shape their experiences. Through this analysis, the paper identifies the similarities and differences in the approaches taken by Austen and Brontë, and discusses the implications of these findings for our understanding of female empowerment in literature and society. The paper argues that both novels offer powerful critiques of patriarchal society and highlight the need for collective action and solidarity among women, in order to achieve true empowerment. The research contributes to our understanding of gender and empowerment in literature, and provides insights into the on-going struggle for gender equality

Organization of Multi-Agent Systems: An Overview

In complex, open, and heterogeneous environments, agents must be able to reorganize towards the most appropriate organizations to adapt unpredictable environment changes within Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). Types of reorganization can be seen from two different levels. The individual agents level (micro-level) in which an agent changes its behaviors and interactions with other agents to adapt its local environment. And the organizational level (macro-level) in which the whole system changes it structure by adding or removing agents. This chapter is dedicated to overview different aspects of what is called MAS Organization including its motivations, paradigms, models, and techniques adopted for statically or dynamically organizing agents in MAS.Comment: 12 page

Investigation of Groundwater Quality of Al Hayer Area, (North of Al Ain City) Using Hydro geochemical Approach

Al Hayer is located in the northeast of Al Ain area, Eastern region of the United Arab Emirates. Groundwater abstraction for domestic, agricultural and industrial uses has led to major depletion in the aquifer resulting in groundwater quality deterioration. This study aims to identify the factors affecting the groundwater quality in this area, and to determine the recharge mechanism for the study area to understand the behaviour of major ions in regional groundwater by using hydrogeochemical and isotopic approaches. The hydrochemical analysis of 37 collected samples of groundwater revealed that the groundwater is characterized by moderate salinity and high concentrations of cadmium in some of the samples. Therefore, Al Hayer groundwater is not suitable for domestic uses. Groundwater samples were evaluated for agricultural uses by calculation of SAR, TH, Na+ percentage and MAR. By using these parameters, Al Hayer groundwater was found to be acceptable for agricultural purposes in 60% of the samples. Three water geneses have been identified; the first one is paleo-marine water, which is originated from magnesium chloride water type, indicating over pumping of deep water. The second is meteoric water, which is originated from sodium sulphate-water type, indicating an occurrence of infiltration of rainfall and ion exchange processes. The third one is meteoric water, which is originated from sodium bicarbonate-water type, found only in few samples. The hydrochemical analyses showed that the dominance of sodium and chloride in the area is due to agricultural effluents and provides indication of moderate-to-high salinity water in the studied area. Isotope analyses of hydrogen and oxygen of twenty-nine groundwater samples suggested that the study area has two different zones. The first one is represented by majority of groundwater samples and located below the LMWL and to the west of the study area, which suggests high rate of evaporation. Meanwhile, the second zone is located above the LMWL and to the east of the study area in close proximity to Northern Oman Mountains, which reveals quick infiltration to rainfall into major aquifer of the study area without evaporation

Construction of Codes By Hyper KU-Valued Functions

Coding Theory is a mathematical domain with many applications in Information theory. Various type of codes and their connections with other mathematical objects have been intensively studied. One of these applications, namely connections between binary block codes and BCK-algebras, was recently studied in (Jun, Song,  Flaut ).In this paper, we will focus to one of the recent applications of KU-algebras in the coding theory, namely the Construction of codes by hyper KU-valued functions. First, we shall introduce the notion of hyper KU -valued functions, on a set and  investigate some of it’s related properties. Moreover the codes generated by a hyper  K U- valued function are constructed and several Examples are given. Furthermore, Example with graphs of binary block code constructed from a hyper  KU-algebra and hyper KU-algebra are constructed

Mean platelet volume (MPV) and plasma lactate level in the diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal bacteremia

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a life-threatening clinical condition. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality if not treated properly. Blood culture remains the gold standard method diagnosis of sepsis, but it takes at least 24 hours for presumptive diagnosis. Owing to the fact that neonates are vulnerable and can deteriorate easily, rapid diagnosis and management is a must. Aim of the work:Determination of the role of mean platelet volume (MPV) and plasma lactate level in the diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal bacteremia. Methods:Study included 108 clinically septic neonates aged 0-28 days. All neonates were subjected to blood culture, complete blood picture (for MPV evaluation), CRP and blood lactic acid level. Results: The current study showed that there was a significant difference between cases and controls as regards MPV, CRP, and lactate with higher mean and median values among cases with P value 0.001, 0.003, and 0.021 respectively. High blood lactic acid level was found to be highly significant in non-survived neonates when compared to the survived ones with P value 0.001. Conclusion: MPV and Blood lactic acid (BLA) tests are simple, rapid, and inexpensive methods to diagnose neonatal bacteremia. The available evidence confirms significantly higher MPV, and BLA in neonates with bacteremia compared to neonates with non-bacteremia causes of sepsis. Therefore, in clinical practice, MPV and BLA could be used as indicators for the early diagnosis of sepsis, while blood lactic acid can be used as well as a predictor of mortality

Human pose estimation-based real-time gait analysis using convolutional neural network.

Gait analysis is widely used in clinical practice to help in understanding the gait abnormalities and its association with a certain underlying medical condition for better diagnosis and prognosis. Several technologies embedded in the specialized devices such as computer-interfaced video cameras to measure patient motion, electrodes placed on the surface of the skin to appreciate muscle activity, force platforms embedded in a walkway to monitor the forces and torques produced between the ambulatory patient and the ground, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensors, and wearable devices are being used for this purpose. All of these technologies require an expert to translate the data recorded by the said embedded specialized devices, which is typically done by a medical expert but with the recent improvements in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially in deep learning, it is possible now to create a mechanism where the translation of the data can be performed by a deep learning tool such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Therefore, this work presents an approach where human pose estimation is combined with a CNN for classification between normal and abnormal gait of a human with an ability to provide information about the detected abnormalities form an extracted skeletal image in real-time