Nontopological self-dual Maxwell-Higgs vortices

We study the existence of self-dual nontopological vortices in generalized Maxwell-Higgs models recently introduced in Ref. \cite{gv}. Our investigation is explicitly illustrated by choosing a sixth-order self-interaction potential, which is the simplest one allowing the existence of nontopological structures. We specify some Maxwell-Higgs models yielding BPS nontopological vortices having energy proportional to the magnetic flux, $\Phi_{B}$, and whose profiles are numerically achieved. Particularly, we investigate the way the new solutions approach the boundary values, from which we verify their nontopological behavior. Finally, we depict the profiles numerically found, highlighting the main features they present.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Analytical BPS Maxwell-Higgs vortices

We have established a prescription for the calculation of analytical vortex solutions in the context of generalized Maxwell-Higgs models whose overall dynamics is controlled by two positive functions of the scalar field. We have also determined a natural constraint between these functions and the Higgs potential allowing the existence of axially symmetric Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) solutions possessing finite energy. Furthermore, when the generalizing functions are chosen suitably, the nonstandard BPS equations can be solved exactly. We have studied some examples, comparing them with the usual Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen (ANO) solution. The overall conclusion is that the analytical self-dual vortices are well-behaved in all relevant sectors, strongly supporting the generalized models they belong themselves. In particular, our results mimic well-known properties of the usual (numerical) configurations, as localized energy density, while contributing to the understanding of topological solitons and their description by means of analytical methods.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Maxwell-Chern-Simons vortices in a CPT-odd Lorentz-violating Higgs Electrodynamics

We have studied BPS vortices in a CPT-odd and Lorentz-violating Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Higgs (MCSH) electrodynamics attained from the dimensional reduction of the Carroll-Field-Jackiw-Higgs model. The Lorentz-violating parameter induces a pronounced behavior at origin (for the magnetic/electric fields and energy density) which is absent in the MCSH vortices. For some combination of the Lorentz-violating coefficients there always exist a sufficiently large winding number $n_{0}$ such that for all $$ the magnetic field flips its signal, yielding two well defined regions with opposite magnetic flux. However, the total magnetic flux remains quantized and proportional to the winding number.Comment: Revtex style, 8 page

Deformed self-dual magnetic monopoles

We develop a deformation method for attaining new magnetic monopole analytical solutions consistent with generalized Yang-Mills-Higgs model introduced recently. The new solutions fulfill the usual radially symmetric ansatz and the boundary conditions suitable to assure finite energy configurations. We verify our prescription by studying some particular cases involving both exactly and partially analytical initial configurations whose deformation leads to new analytic BPS monopoles. The results show consistency among the models, the deformation procedure and the profile of the new solutions.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figure

"Colliding beam" enhancement mechanism of deuteron-deuteron fusion reactions in matter

We suggest a ``ping-pong'' mechanism of enhancement for fusion reactions between a low energy external deuteron beam and the deuterons in a condensed matter or molecular target. The mechanism is based on the possibility of acceleration of a target deuteron by the Coulomb field of a projectile deuteron with its subsequent rebound from a heavy atom in matter and the following fusion of the two deuterons moving towards each other. This effectively converts the fixed target process into a colliding beam reaction. In a simple limiting case this reduces the negative penetrability exponent by a factor of $\sqrt{2}$. We also discuss a contribution given by ``zero oscillations'' of a bound target deuteron. The proposed mechanism is expected to be efficient in compounds with target deuterons localized in the vicinity of heavy atoms.Comment: 4 page

Suppression of stochastic pulsation in laser-plasma interaction by smoothing methods

Smoothing of laser-plasma interaction by ISI, RPP, SSD, etc. was mainly directed to overcome lateral nonuniformity of irradiation. While these problems are in no way less important, we derived numerically the model of the Laue rippling and hydrorelaxation model for explanation of the measured temporal pulsation in the 10- to 40-ps range and how the smoothing schemes suppress these pulsations. The partial standing wave fields of the normally coherent laser-irradiated plasma corona is then suppressed by smoothing and conclusion for tests for this model, e.g., by the "question mark experiment” is given. The result provides a physics solution of the laser interaction problem for direct-drive inertial fusion energ

Infrared Observations of the Helix Planetary Nebula

We have mapped the Helix (NGC 7293) planetary nebula (PN) with the IRAC instrument on the Spitzer Space Telescope. The Helix is one of the closest bright PNs and therefore provides an opportunity to resolve the small-scale structure in the nebula. The emission from this PN in the 5.8 and 8 μm IRAC bands is dominated by the pure rotational lines of molecular hydrogen, with a smaller contribution from forbidden line emission such as [Ar III] in the ionized region. The IRAC images resolve the "cometary knots," which have been previously studied in this PN. The "tails" of the knots and the radial rays extending into the outer regions of the PN are seen in emission in the IRAC bands. IRS spectra on the main ring and the emission in the IRAC bands are consistent with shock-excited H_2 models, with a small (~10%) component from photodissociation regions. In the northeast arc, the H_2 emission is located in a shell outside the Hα emission