A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers

Breast cancer (BC) risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers varies by genetic and familial factors. About 50 common variants have been shown to modify BC risk for mutation carriers. All but three, were identified in general population studies. Other mutation carrier-specific susceptibility variants may exist but studies of mutation carriers have so far been underpowered. We conduct a novel case-only genome-wide association study comparing genotype frequencies between 60,212 general population BC cases and 13,007 cases with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. We identify robust novel associations for 2 variants with BC for BRCA1 and 3 for BRCA2 mutation carriers, P < 10−8, at 5 loci, which are not associated with risk in the general population. They include rs60882887 at 11p11.2 where MADD, SP11 and EIF1, genes previously implicated in BC biology, are predicted as potential targets. These findings will contribute towards customising BC polygenic risk scores for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

Infrared Gas-phase Intensity Measurements, Polar Tensors, And Effective Charges Of Trans-difluoro- And Trans-dichloroethylene

All gas-phase fundamental vibrational intensities of trans-C2H2F2, -C2D2F2, -C2HDF2, -C2H2Cl2 and -C2D2Cl2 have been measured. Isotopic invariance, G sum rule, and quantum chemical information have been used as criteria in selecting preferred experimental values for the dipole-moment derivatives and polar-tensor elements of the Bu (infrared-active) symmetry species of these molecules. The polar tensors of cis-C2H2F2 and -C2H2Cl2 are shown to provide accurate estimates of the vibrational intensities of all the above-mentioned trans-difluoro- and trans-dichloroethylenes, respectively. These polar tensors are also used to calculate the directions of the in-plane dipole-moment derivatives of these molecules. © 1984 American Chemical Society.88352152