8,743 research outputs found
Cooperation in policing in Europe - current trends and future challenges
The paper presents the range of current and future challenges for European policing in the following areas: cooperation; illegal migration; drug market; use of internet and electronic communications; banking, finance and information technology sectors.
The author explains how police will have to strengthen international cooperation for tackling these challenges. Moreover, he underlines that international cooperation is a key element for successful and effective policing not only in the field of operational policing but also in the areas of police training/education and policing research
On wild ramification in quaternion extensions
Quaternion extensions are often the smallest extensions to exhibit special
properties. In the setting of the Hasse-Arf Theorem, for instance, quaternion
extensions are used to illustrate the fact that upper ramification numbers need
not be integers. These extensions play a similar role in Galois module
structure. To better understand these examples, we catalog the ramification
filtrations that are possible in totally ramified extensions of dyadic number
fields. Interestingly, we find that the catalog depends, for sharp lower
bounds, upon the refined ramification filtration, which is associated with the
biquatratic subfield. Moreover these examples, as counter-examples to the
conclusion of Hasse-Arf, occur only when the refined filtration is, in two
different ways, extreme.Comment: 19 pages. This is an extensive revision of the earlier draf
The Development of explosives competencies, training and education in the UK
Competent explosives workers in the Armed Forces and in the civil sector are
critical to the safe production, testing and use of explosives. Moreover we need
competent explosives specialists to combat the challenge from terrorism and
clean up the planet from the explosive hazards that are the legacy of past
conflicts. Unfortunately many countries are witnessing a significant loss of
capability in this area and are looking at ways of replenishing vital expertise.
This paper describes the work done in recent years by the authors and others in
the UK to establish numbers of people working in the sector and to consider the
skills and knowledge required to carry out their work. It outlines the concept
of national occupational standards and the framework of professional and
vocational qualifications that are available or are being developed for
explosives specialists. It also describes some of the educational and e-learning
programmes designed to support this initiative. Ultimately the aim is to address
the professionalism of all personnel who deal with explosives in order to reduce
the incidence and consequence of accidents and maintain national capability
Detecting Axion-Like Particles With Gamma Ray Telescopes
We propose that axion-like particles (ALPs) with a two-photon vertex,
consistent with all astrophysical and laboratory bounds, may lead to a
detectable signature in the spectra of high-energy gamma ray sources. This
occurs as a result of gamma rays being converted into ALPs in the magnetic
fields of efficient astrophysical accelerators according to the "Hillas
criterion", such as jets of active galactic nuclei or hot spots of radio
galaxies. The discovery of such an effect is possible by GLAST in the 1-100 GeV
range and by ground based gamma ray telescopes in the TeV range.Comment: corrected typos, one plot modified, material rearranged for
clarification. Conclusions unchanged. Matches version published in Phys. Rev.
Let
The Intergalactic Propagation of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Nuclei: An Analytic Approach
It is likely that ultra-high energy cosmic rays contain a significant
component of heavy or intermediate mass nuclei. The propagation of ultra-high
energy nuclei through cosmic radiation backgrounds is more complicated than
that of protons and its study has required the use of Monte Carlo techniques.
We present an analytic method for calculating the spectrum and the composition
at Earth of ultra-high energy cosmic rays which start out as heavy nuclei from
their extragalactic sources. The results obtained are in good agreement with
those obtained using numerical methods.Comment: accepted for publication in Phys Rev
United States v. Lancaster: The Fourth Circuit Reverses Course on Jury Voir Dire in Swearing Contest Cases
SELLING TRAVEL AS PART OF A PACKAGE. IMPLICATIONS FOR TRANSPORT RESEARCH.
The selling of long-distance travel as a package has its origins in the latter half of the last century and the practice has been instrumental in turning travel into a consumer item. Packaging is found to be significant in the Australian airline market while the degree of concentration in travel wholesaling and air transport is high. Travel packageing can be characterised as “price building”, a strategy which has been growing in popularity in competitive service sectors. This paper explorers optimal business strategies that take advantage of building, but it is shown that there are implications for policy analysis and for studies of travel demand. The relevance of bundling in transport research is illustrated while noting that there has been a lack of attention to the subject. Opportunities for further research are suggested
United States v. Lancaster: The Fourth Circuit Reverses Course on Jury Voir Dire in Swearing Contest Cases
ESTIMATING THE DEMAND FOR PACKAGED TRAVEL FOR A PROPOSED HIGH-SPEED SURFACE TRANSPORT SYSTEM USING STATED RESPONSE METHODS
Innovation in Concentrating Solar Power Technologies: A Study Drawing on Patent Data
Better understanding the innovative process of renewable energy technologies is important for tackling climate change. Though concentrating solar power is receiving growing interest, innovation studies so far have explored innovative activity in solar technologies in general, ignoring the major differences between solar photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies. This study relies on patent data to examine international innovative activity in concentrating solar power technologies. Our unique contribution, based on engineering expertise and detailed datawork, is a classification system matching solar thermal technologies to the International Patent Classification (IPC) system. To this end we suggest a narrowly defined set of IPC classes and a broader one of technologies relevant to CSP, but not exclusively so. We moreover exploit information from three international patent offices, the European, the United States and the Japanese patent office. Innovative activity in narrowly defined CSP technologies has experienced an early boom before 1980 and only recently showed some signs of more activity - a pattern closely resembling the R&D support path. R&D and innovation are concentrated in few high-tech countries - such as the U.S. or Germany. Large CSP potential is not a sufficient condition for innovation, only developed countries such as Australia with both CSP potential and adequate economic and scientific capabilities are found to be among the group of relevant innovators.Innovation, patent data, solar technologies, climate change
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