The Effects of Protons on Semiconductor Devices

Proton bombardment on transistor circuits at 40 and 440-mev in radiation bel

Measurements in the flow field of a cylinder with a laser transit anemometer and a drag rake in the Langley 0.3 m transonic cryogenic tunnel

An experiment was conducted at the 0.3 m Transonic Cryogenic Tunnel using a Laser Transit Anemometer (LTA) to probe the flow field around a 3.05 centimeter-diameter circular cylinder. Measurements were made along the stagnation line and determination of particle size was evaluated by their ability to follow the flow field. The LTA system was also used to scan into the boundary layer near the 45 degree point on the model. Results of these scans are presented in graphic and tabular form. Flow field particle seeding was accomplished by inbleeding dry service air. The residual moisture (5-10 ppm) condensed and formed ice particles which served as Mie scattering centers for the LTA detection system. Comparison of data taken along the stagnation streamline with theory indicated that these particles tracked the velocity gradient of the flow. Tunnel operating conditions for the tests were a Mach number of 0.3, a pressure of 1.93 x 100000 n/m squared, and a temperature of 225 degrees K. Free stream Mach number and pressure were varied for the particle size determination

My Spring 2023 Honors Thesis

For my thesis project, I displayed fifteen printed photographs of self-portraits that I have made outside of class. In these self-portraits, I have applied special effects makeup to my face to create different portrayals of myself. These range from more abstracted makeup to characters. The majority of these makeups are from the chest up and created with face paint and self-made prosthetics. In this imagery, I have also chosen accessories and the background to coincide with the makeup and the mood that I am conveying. Minor adjustments have been made digitally in order to enhance how the image comes across. For example, I have upped the contrast and dimmed the exposure, etc. I have taken most of my own photographs on my phone or Canon Rebel Xi camera while there are a few that a family member has taken for me. I printed these portraits at a larger than life scale and I chose to display them at a place that has become close to home, O’mainnin’s Pub and Grill. This pub is where I held my show. My art was displayed in the casual environment with loud music and dim colorful lights. The exhibit stayed up for three days and was available to the public. Alongside my photographs, I also chose a handful of traditional hand-drawn classwork to display as well. This work is very similar in theme and compliments the self-portraits. Below are images of the show

The Use of a Peanut Ball During Labor in Nulliparous Term Singleton Vertex Pregnancies to Decrease the Primary Cesarean Rate: An Evidence-Based Practice Improvement Project

BACKGROUND: Current statistics indicate cesarean section rates in nulliparous term singleton vertex (NTSV) pregnancies, a singleton first pregnancy \u3e 37 weeks’ gestation in a vertex position, of 32.8% and rising. A peanut ball, a tool used to optimize pelvic opening and fetal head rotation, can decrease labor length and cesarean section rates. The aim of this evidence-based practice improvement project was to reduce the cesarean rate in NTSV pregnancies by 1% within three months. The project occurred in an urban 12-bed labor and delivery unit in Middle Tennessee. Participants included laboring women meeting NTSV criteria. METHOD: Plan- do- study- act cycles were used, following Levin’s EBPI framework. Baseline NTSV cesarean rates were collected before implementation. Review of the literature identified labor support tools and staff education methods. INTERVENTION: Staff received education through a certified peanut ball instructor. Nurses’ knowledge of the peanut ball, frequency of use, and confidence using the peanut ball were measured before and after education. Data collection was performed through nurse reports using pre-formatted worksheets (N = 103). RESULTS: The hospital NTSV cesarean section rate rose by 2.6% from 24.7% to 27.3% over the project period, not meeting the 1% reduction aim. Eighty-seven women used the peanut ball during labor, 81.6% delivered vaginally, and 18.4% had a cesarean section. The use of the peanut ball in the project group did not have a significant change in the cesarean rate from the hospital rate (p = .072), but clinical significance cannot be disregarded. Nurses’ knowledge (p p = .018), and confidence using the peanut ball (p = .044) all significantly increased after education. CONCLUSION: The peanut ball is a valuable labor support tool that may reduce the risk of cesarean birth. Education poses significant benefits, including greater staff confidence, knowledge, and increased frequency of peanut ball use

Age effect on the Gaze Stabilization test

Impairments of the vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) lead to a decline in visual acuity during head movements. Dynamic visual acuity (DVA) testing is a sensitive assessment tool for detecting VOR impairments. DVA evaluates accuracy of visual acuity during fixed velocity head movements. In contrast, the Gaze Stabilization test (GST) is a new functional evaluation of the VOR that identifies a person’s maximum head velocity (in degrees per second) a person can maintain with stable vision of a target (i.e. optotype). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of age on the GST in participants without vestibular disease. The study was conducted in a vestibular and balance laboratory at a tertiary medical center. A total of 87 healthy adult volunteers were included in this study. The main outcome measure was the association between age and both GST maximum head velocity in the yaw (right/left) plane and velocity symmetry. A significant negative correlation was found between age and maximum head velocity (r = -0.469, p \u3c 0.001). Our results suggest that age should be considered when interpreting GST results in the yaw plane, however standardization of testing methods should be established as variation in results has been reported in the literature

United States v. Cleveland Indians: FICA and FUTA Taxes v. The Social Security Act - Why Have Different Definitions For Identical Language?

This Note examines the issue of whether FICA and FUTA taxes are assessed at the time wages should have been paid, or at the time the wages are actually paid. Part II examines the background of this issue by parsing the applicable case law. Part III contains a statement of the facts, the procedural history, and the United States Supreme Court\u27s decision in Cleveland Indians. Part IV analyzes the Cleveland Indians decision

Characteristics and qualities that are important to middle school-aged students in choosing friends

This study investigates the characteristics that are important to middle school students when they choose their friends. The subjects for this research study are seventh, eighth, and ninth graders with ages ranging from 11-15 years old. The population surveyed was limited to 47 middle-school aged children whose parents responded to a flyer posted in one of two college universities. The study design was a 14-question value survey using a Likert scale. The questions relate to the importance of various characteristics in choosing friends. The survey also included demographic questions pertaining to the subject’s gender, grade level, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and family make-up. Cross-tabulation and descriptive statistics were used to explain the nonhypotheses data. The statistical method used to analyze the hypotheses data was the t-test. An attempt at verifying consistency of responses was made by rewording and asking the hypotheses questions twice in the survey. The major finding of this study showed that males tend to choose friends based on their same gender more than females. This difference was found to be statistically significant by the t-test performed on the data

Pressurized Lunar Rover

The pressurized lunar rover (PLR) consists of a 7 m long, 3 m diameter cylindrical main vehicle and a trailer which houses the power and heat rejection systems. The main vehicle carries the astronauts, life support systems, navigation and communication systems, directional lighting, cameras, and equipment for exploratory experiments. The PLR shell is constructed of a layered carbon-fiber/foam composite. The rover has six 1.5 m diameter wheels on the main body and two 1.5 m diameter wheels on the trailer. The wheels are constructed of composites and flex to increase traction and shock absorption. The wheels are each attached to a double A-arm aluminum suspension, which allows each wheel 1 m of vertical motion. In conjunction with a 0.75 m ground clearance, the suspension aids the rover in negotiating the uneven lunar terrain. The 15 N-m torque brushless electric motors are mounted with harmonic drive units inside each of the wheels. The rover is steered by electrically varying the speeds of the wheels on either side of the rover. The PLR trailer contains a radiosotope thermoelectric generator providing 6.7 kW. A secondary back-up energy storage system for short-term high-power needs is provided by a bank of batteries. The trailer can be detached to facilitate docking of the main body with the lunar base via an airlock located in the rear of the PLR. The airlock is also used for EVA operation during missions. Life support is a partly regenerative system with air and hygiene water being recycled. A layer of water inside the composite shell surrounds the command center. The water absorbs any damaging radiation, allowing the command center to be used as a safe haven during solar flares. Guidance, navigation, and control are supplied by a strapdown inertial measurement unit that works with the on-board computer. Star mappers provide periodic error correction. The PLR is capable of voice, video, and data transmission. It is equipped with two 5 W X-band transponder, allowing simultaneous transmission and reception. An S-band transponder is used to communicate with the crew during EVA. The PLR has a total mass of 6197 kg. It has a nominal speed of 10 km/hr and a top speed of 18 km/hr. The rover is capable of towing 3 metric tons (in addition to the RTG trailer)

Velocity and flow angle measurements in the Langley 0.3-meter transonic cryogenic tunnel using a laser transit anemometer

The Laser Transit Anemometer (LTA) system is described. In the LTA system two parallel laser beams of known separation and cross sectional area are focussed at the same location or plane. When a particle in a flow field passes through both beams and the time is recorded for its transit (time of flight), its velocity can be calculated knowing the distance between the beams. By rotating the two beams (spots) around a common center and recording the number of valid events (a particle which passes through both spots in the proper sequence) at each angle the flow angle can be determined by curve fitting a predetermined number of angles or points and calculating the peak of what should be a Gaussian curve. The best angle or flow angle is defined as the angle at which the maximum number of valid events occurs. The LTA system functioned properly although conditions were less than desirable