Tolerance of four spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties to weed harrowing

We investigated the tolerance to weed harrowing of four spring barley varieties and examined the possible interactions between varietal weed suppressive ability and two nutrient levels. Tolerance was defined as the combined effect of crop resistance (ability to resist soil covering) and crop recovery (the ability to recover in terms of yield). The weed harrowing strategy was a combination of one pre- and one post-emergence weed harrowing. In terms of yield, the four varieties responded significantly differently to weed harrowing and the response depended on nutrient level. At the lower nutrient level, weed harrowing caused an increase in yield of 4.4 hkg ha-1 for a strong competitor (cv. Otira), while there was no effect on yield at the higher nutrient level. For a weaker competitor (cv. Brazil), weed harrowing caused no change in yield at the lower nutrient level, whereas yield decreased by 6.0 hkg ha-1 at the higher nutrient level. There were marked differences between the weed suppressive ability of the four varieties when not harrowed, with less pronounced but significant differences when harrowed. Weed harrowing did not change the weed suppressive ability of a variety. Varieties that are tall at post-emergence harrowing and have increased density after pre-emergence harrowing, are the ones that benefit most from weed harrowing

Bioassay-Guided Fractionation Leads to the Detection of Cholic Acid Generated by the Rare Thalassomonas sp.

Bacterial symbionts of marine invertebrates are rich sources of novel, pharmaceutically relevant natural products that could become leads in combatting multidrug-resistant pathogens and treating disease. In this study, the bioactive potential of the marine invertebrate symbiont Thalassomonas actiniarum was investigated. Bioactivity screening of the strain revealed Gram-positive specific antibacterial activity as well as cytotoxic activity against a human melanoma cell line (A2058). The dereplication of the active fraction using HPLC-MS led to the isolation and structural elucidation of cholic acid and 3-oxo cholic acid. T. actiniarum is one of three type species belonging to the genus Thalassomonas. The ability to generate cholic acid was assessed for all three species using thin-layer chromatography and was confirmed by LC-MS. The re-sequencing of all three Thalassomonas type species using long-read Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) and Illumina data produced complete genomes, enabling the bioinformatic assessment of the ability of the strains to produce cholic acid. Although a complete biosynthetic pathway for cholic acid synthesis in this genus could not be determined based on sequence-based homology searches, the identification of putative penicillin or homoserine lactone acylases in all three species suggests a mechanism for the hydrolysis of conjugated bile acids present in the growth medium, resulting in the generation of cholic acid and 3-oxo cholic acid. With little known currently about the bioactivities of this genus, this study serves as the foundation for future investigations into their bioactive potential as well as the potential ecological role of bile acid transformation, sterol modification and quorum quenching by Thalassomonas sp. in the marine environment

I am charging my battery, now I am full of Energy. I am the Robot

Erfaringer med chatbot-teknologi. Det Kgl. Biblioteks centrale kontaktservice ”Spørg biblioteket” har det seneste år været suppleret med en virtuel assistent

Exploring the Economics of Sustainable Energy : A Comparative Analysis of LCOE and System Costs for Nuclear and Offshore Wind Projects in Norway

This study explores the impact of input factor variability and the scope of analysis on profitability calculations for nuclear and offshore wind power in the Norwegian power market. The research employs several data sources and combines LCOE calculations and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the impact of uncertain factors on profitability estimations. Additionally, regression analyses assess the relationship between the share of the different power technologies and balancing volumes in a system. Additionally, a comprehensive discussion on system costs is included to encompass the system cost concept fully. The study's main findings include that the LCOE of offshore wind projects primarily relies on the discount rate and capacity factor. On the other hand, a potential SMR project would be impacted mainly by CAPEX and OPEX. Additionally, we find that LCOE has two significant limitations. First, the metric fails to account for the value of longevity in power production, which contradicts long-term supply and environmental objectives. Secondly, it does not count for system costs occurring beyond the scope of the project. This makes the validity and significance of the LCOE metric vary among different stakeholder groups. Another important finding is a significant but low correlation between the penetration of the different power sources and balancing volumes. While an increase in wind power penetration level is associated with an increase in imbalance volumes, the opposite effect is observed when studying the relationship with nuclear power. This could have important implications for the total costs of electricity production and suggests that a holistic approach is essential for informed decision-making regarding the future Norwegian energy mix.nhhma

Effect of truncated glucagon-like peptide 1 on cAMP in rat gastric glands and HGT-1 human gastric cancer cells

AbstractWe tested the truncated 7–37 glucagon-like peptide 1 (TGLP-1), a naturally occurring porcine intestinal peptide, and other members of the glucagon family, including pancreatic glucagon (G-29), GLP-1 and GLP-2 for their ability to activate the cAMP generating system in rat gastric glands and HGT-1 human gastric cancer cells. In rat fundic glands, TGLP-1 was about 100 times more potent (EC50 = 2.8 × 10−9M) than GLP-1 of G-29, and 10 times more potent than G-29 in the HGT-1 cell line. Our results support the notion that TGLP-1 plays a direct role in the regulation of acid secretion in rat and human gastric mucosa

Langsigtet balance i ukrudtsbestanden

Dokumentet beskriver hvorledes den langsigtede balance i ukrudtsbestanden kan simuleres ved hjælp af en populationsdynamisk model, samt hvordan balancen kan rykkes til landmandens fordel. f.eks ved hjælp af konkurrencestærke sorte