Cardiovascular and metabolic demands of the kettlebell swing using a Tabata interval versus a traditional resistance protocol

International Journal of Exercise Science 7(3) : 179-185, 2014. Tabata (TAB) training, consisting of eight cycles of 20 seconds of maximal exercise followed by 10 seconds of rest, is time-efficient, with aerobic and anaerobic benefit. This study investigated the cardiovascular and metabolic demands of a TAB versus traditional (TRAD) resistance protocol with the kettlebell swing. Fourteen young (18-25y), non-obese (BMI 25.7±0.8 kg/m2) participants reported on three occasions. All testing incorporated measurements of HR, oxygen consumption, and blood lactate accumulation. Each participant completed Tabata kettlebell swings (male- 8kg, female- 4.5kg; 8 intervals; 20s maximal repetitions, 10s rest). On a subsequent visit (TRAD), the total swings from the TAB protocol were evenly divided into 4 sets, with 90s rest between sets. Outcome measures were compared using paired t-tests. The TAB was completed more quickly than the TRAD protocol (240.0±0.0 v. 521.5±3.3 sec, P\u3c0.01), at a higher perceived exertion (Borg RPE; 15.1±0.7 v. 11.7±0.9, P\u3c0.01). The TAB elicited a higher average VO2 value (33.1±1.5 v. 27.2±1.6 ml/kg/min, P\u3c0.01), percent of VO2peak achieved (71.0±0.3 v. 58.4±0.3%, P\u3c0.01), maximal HR (162.4±4.6 v. 145.6±4.8 bpm, P\u3c0.01), and post-exercise blood lactate concentration (6.4±1.1 v. 3.7±0.5 mmol/L, P\u3c0.01). Conclusion: The kettlebell swing demonstrated significantly greater cardiovascular and metabolic responses within a TAB vs. TRAD framework. Appropriate screening and risk stratification are advised before implementing kettlebell swings

Observation of Inter-arm Systolic Blood Pressure Difference During Exercise

Please refer to the pdf version of the abstract located adjacent to the title

Differential Response To Tabata Interval Versus Traditional Kettlebell Training Protocol

Please view abstract in the attached PDF file

Ecological properties of earthworm burrows in an organically managed grass-clover system

Earthworms have long been recognized for their soil engineering capacities. Since the creation of the ecosystem service concept the utilitarian perception of nature has gained a lot of attention and funding for research. Hence, we selected earthworms and their burrowing activities to enable an assessment of their influence on water movement and nutrient release. The study went on in autumn where earthworm population densities and their burrowing activities were quantified in plots of third year clover-grass crops differing in fertilisation and the manner of removing the biomass either by grazing or cutting. We found very high biomasses as expected for clover-grass about 200 g wet earthworm weight m-2. The common earthworm association typical to our region was: Aporrectodea tuberculata, Aporrectodea rosea, Aporrectodea longa and Lumbricus terrestris, i.e. two endogeic and two anecic species. We present our results on the burrow size distribution down the soil profile and link it to the species and species traits. The results are further put into perspective in our present research on macropores related to soil ecosystem services and pesticide leachin

Differences Between Two Commonly Measured \u27Suprailiac\u27 Skinfold Sites

Please see the pdf version of the abstract

Real-Time Hemodynamic Evidence Supporting the Safety of Acute Isometric Exercise

poste

Inter-leg difference in blood pressure is related to the ankle-brachial index in healthy individuals

Click the PDF icon to download the abstract

Earthworm distribution and abundance predicted by a process-based model

Earthworms are significant ecosystem engineers and are an important component of the diet of many vertebrates and invertebrates, so the ability to predict their distribution and abundance would have wide application in ecology, conservation and land management. Earthworm viability is known to be affected by the availability and quality of food resources, soil water conditions and temperature, but has not yet been modelled mechanistically to link effects on individuals to field population responses. Here we present a novel model capable of predicting the effects of land management and environmental conditions on the distribution and abundance of Aporrectodea caliginosa, the dominant earthworm species in agroecosystems. Our process-based approach uses individual based modelling (IBM), in which each individual has its own energy budget. Individual earthworm energy budgets follow established principles of physiological ecology and are parameterised for A. caliginosa from experimental measurements under optimal conditions. Under suboptimal conditions (e.g. food limitation, low soil temperatures and water contents) reproduction is prioritised over growth. Good model agreement to independent laboratory data on individual cocoon production and growth of body mass, under variable feeding and temperature conditions support our representation of A. caliginosa physiology through energy budgets. Our mechanistic model is able to accurately predict A. caliginosa distribution and abundance in spatially heterogeneous soil profiles representative of field study conditions. Essential here is the explicit modelling of earthworm behaviour in the soil profile. Local earthworm movement responds to a trade-off between food availability and soil water conditions, and this determines the spatiotemporal distribution of the population in the soil profile. Importantly, multiple environmental variables can be manipulated simultaneously in the model to explore earthworm population exposure and effects to combinations of stressors. Potential applications include prediction of the population-level effects of pesticides and changes in soil management e.g. conservation tillage and climate change

The Quantification of Muscle Activation During the Loaded Carry Movement Pattern

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(1): 480-490, 2024. The ‘loaded carry’ is a popular resistance training activity that activates core musculature across multiple movement planes while the body is in locomotion. ‘Hold’ exercises are similar to carry exercises but lack the locomotive aspect. Both carry and hold exercises can be completed bilaterally (farmer’s carry (FC) and hold (FH)) or unilaterally (suitcase carry (SC) and hold (SH)). A deeper understanding of muscle activation between the FC and SC and intensity-matched FH and SH might improve their application. Healthy, college-aged individuals were recruited and surface electromyography of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), longissimus (LT), and multifidus (MF) was measured bilaterally using standard procedures. Participants completed time- and intensity-matched randomized sets of the plank, FC, SC, FH, and SH separated by 5-minute rests. A one-way ANOVA was utilized to compare exercises. The FC/FH load averaged 50.7±1.9 kg, where it was used across equally weighted dumbbells. The FC elicited higher activation bilaterally in the LT, MF, RA, and EO, compared to the FH. The SC/SH single-dumbbell load averaged 25.3±0.95 kg. There was greater activation bilaterally in the LT and MF during the SC compared to the SH. However, on the ipsilateral side of the SC, the RA and EO displayed greater activation compared to the SH, but this was not different on the contralateral side. The FC and SC were characterized by increased core muscle activation bilaterally, with the SC exhibiting unique additions to ipsilateral muscle activation