LIFE3: A predictive costing tool for digital collections

Predicting the costs of long-term digital preservation is a crucial yet complex task for even the largest repositories and institutions. For smaller projects and individual researchers faced with preservation requirements, the problem is even more overwhelming, as they lack the accumulated experience of the former. Yet being able to estimate future preservation costs is vital to answering a range of important questions for each. The LIFE (Life Cycle Information for E-Literature) project, which has just completed its third phase, helps institutions and researchers address these concerns, reducing the financial and preservation risks, and allowing decision makers to assess a range of options in order to achieve effective preservation while operating within financial restraints. The project is a collaboration between University College London (UCL), The British Library and the Humanities Advanced Technology and Information Institute (HATII) at the University of Glasgow. Funding has been supplied in the UK by the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) and the Research Information Network (RIN)

The relation between adult height and haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke in the Renfrew/Paisley study

Adult height is a useful marker of fetal growth, growth and nutrition in childhood and childhood infections. Studies reporting inverse associations between height and stroke therefore provide support for the hypothesis that exposures acting in early life are important determinants of risk of stroke. However, few studies have been able to examine the association between height and stroke subtype. We recently showed that height is inversely related to ischaemic stroke, but because of small numbers it was not possible to robustly analyse the association between height and haemorrhagic stroke. A Norwegian study has shown a stronger inverse association with haemorrhagic compared with ischaemic stroke, but adjustment for socioeconomic position was not possible. We recently reported a significant inverse association between height and stroke mortality in both men and women in the Renfrew/Paisley cohort. Here we examine the association between height and subtype of incident stroke in this cohort

An X-ray Study of Two B+B Binaries: AH Cep and CW Cep

AH Cep and CW Cep are both early B-type binaries with short orbital periods of 1.8~d and 2.7~d, respectively. All four components are B0.5V types. The binaries are also double-lined spectroscopic and eclipsing. Consequently, solutions for orbital and stellar parameters make the pair of binaries ideal targets for a study of the colliding winds between two B~stars. {\em Chandra} ACIS-I observations were obtained to determine X-ray luminosities. AH~Cep was detected with an unabsorbed X-ray luminosity at a 90\% confidence interval of $(9-33)\times 10^{30}$ erg s$^{-1}$, or $(0.5-1.7)\times 10^{-7} L_{\rm Bol}$, relative to the combined Bolometric luminosities of the two components. While formally consistent with expectations for embedded wind shocks, or binary wind collision, the near-twin system of CW~Cep was a surprising non-detection. For CW~Cep, an upper limit was determined with $L_X/L_{\rm Bol} < 10^{-8}$, again for the combined components. One difference between these two systems is that AH~Cep is part of a multiple system. The X-rays from AH~Cep may not arise from standard wind shocks nor wind collision, but perhaps instead from magnetism in any one of the four components of the system. The possibility could be tested by searching for cyclic X-ray variability in AH~Cep on the short orbital period of the inner B~stars.Comment: Astrophysical Journal, accepte

Design considerations for engineering autonomous underwater vehicles

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution June 2007Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) have been established as a viable tool for Oceanographic Sciences. Being untethered and independent, AUVs fill the gap in Ocean Exploration left by the existing manned submersible and remotely operated vehicles (ROV) technology. AUVs are attractive as cheaper and efficient alternatives to the older technologies and are breaking new ground in many applications. Designing an autonomous vehicle to work in the harsh environment of the deep ocean comes with its set of challenges. This paper discusses how the current engineering technologies can be adapted to the design of AUVs. Recently, as the AUV technology has matured, we see AUVs being used in a variety of applications ranging from sub-surface sensing to sea-floor mapping. The design of the AUV, with its tight constraints, is very sensitive to the target application. Keeping this in mind, the goal of this thesis is to understand how some of the major issues affect the design of the AUV. This paper also addresses the mechanical and materials issues, power system design, computer architecture, navigation and communication systems, sensor considerations and long term docking aspects that affect AUV design. With time, as the engineering sciences progress, the AUV design will have to change in order to optimize its performance. Thus, the fundamental issues discussed in this paper can assist in meeting the challenge of maintaining AUV design on par with modern technology.This work was funded by the NSF Center for Subsurface Sensing and Imaging Systems (CenSSIS) Engineering Research Center (ENC) grant no. EEC-99868321

Social Science Teachers’ perspective, purposes and benefits of the Cybermuseum VIRGO 1.1 as a cognitive tool for learning history

This research is the assessment of an authoring and cybermuseum tool, VRIGO 1.1. The assessment was undertaken by Spanish and Latin-American Social Sciences Teachers who took part in a virtual group discussion. Results were analysed through the underlying principles of mindtools proposed by Jonassen and Carr. Results showed that: VIRGO 1.1 can only be used under a constructivist perspective; empowers students in their process of representing their knowledge; support students’ reflective thinking; challenges learners; is a simulation of a real museum; being an authoring tool, students develop an intellectual partnership where their cognitive process is distributed

Capacity of an IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN supporting VoIP

In this paper we evaluate the capacity of an IEEE 802.11b network carrying voice calls in a wide range of scenarios, including varying delay constraints, channel conditions and voice call quality requirements. We consider both G.711 and G.729 voice encoding schemes and a range of voice packet sizes. We first present an analytical..

The Midspan studies

No abstract available

Advanced-stage cervix cancer: rapid tumour growth rather than late diagnosis

Either diagnostic delay or tumour biology are possible factors governing the degree of spread at diagnosis of cervical cancer. To try to identify the most important parameter contributing to advanced stage, the duration of symptoms were recorded from patients scheduled for radiotherapy (n = 141) or radical hysterectomy (n = 36). In 146 cases tumour proliferation rates were evaluated following in vivo labelling with the DNA precursor BrdUrd. For symptomatic patients there was no association between duration of symptoms and stage at presentation. There was a significant trend for patients with increasing tumour stage to have more rapidly proliferating tumours with higher mean labelling index (LI) measurements (P = 0.001) and a shorter mean potential doubling time (Tpot) (P = 0.023). Socio economic deprivation may be associated with shorter Tpot values. The conclusion from this data is that stage at diagnosis is more dependent on the biological behaviour of the tumour, as expressed by proliferation rates, than delay in presentation. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaig