Multi-stage liquid/liquid extraction with a zaiput apparatus

Poorly separable liquid/liquid mixtures often pose a major challenge in pharmaceutical extraction. In particular, compounds containing a low difference of density are difficult to separate using mixer-settler setups. The Zaiput device can prove an advantage over present liquid/liquid extractors. The research work involves characterizing the Zaiput apparatus for liquid/liquid extraction of pharmaceutical compounds with the model solvent system toluene-water. The extraction efficiency was investigated for a solvent mixture containing toluene-acetone-water residence times. To evaluate the separation success, the outlet’s concentrations are measured via IR spectroscopy

Effect of over-the-counter whitening strips and toothpaste on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets

To investigate: 1) the effects of over-the-counter white strip enamel bleaching and 2-Step whitening toothpaste application on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets at 24-hours and 7-days post-bleaching latent period; and 2) the correlation bet

Fouling pathways in emulsion polymerization differentiated with a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) integrated into the reactor wall

Emulsion polymerization fouling at hot interfaces is studied in situ, making use of a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). The resonator crystal is heated with a ring-shaped thermal pad from the back, turning it into a plate with elevated temperature. Configured to be one of the walls of a small reactor for emulsion polymerization, this resonator is prone to heat-transfer fouling, similar to regular heated parts of process equipment. The fouling kinetics is readily quantified with this QCM. During polymerization at constant temperature (80 °C), some deposition is always observed. However, a film with a thickness of less than 1 μm (determined gravimetrically with the QCM) is sometimes found, which stabilizes the surface against the deposition of much thicker layers. When reaction fouling proceeds directly to thick deposits, a small increase in resonance bandwidth often occurs a few minutes prior to the main transition, presumably caused by coagulum formed in the bulk making first contact with the surface. Furthermore, particle fouling is studied with temperature ramps on nonreactive dispersions. Fouling, if present, is readily observed

The Pauli principle in a three-body cluster model and the momentum distributions after fragmentation of 6He and 11Li

We investigate two simple prescriptions to account for the Pauli principle in a three-body cluster model employing a new method based on an adiabatic hyperspherical expansion to solve the Faddeev equations in coordinate space. The resulting wave functions are computed and compared. They are furthermore tested on halo nuclei by calculations of momentum distributions and invariant mass spectra arising after fragmentation of fast $^6$He and $^{11}$Li in collisions with light targets. The prescriptions are very accurate and the available measured quantities are remarkably well reproduced when final state interactions are included.Comment: 18 pages, LaTex file, 15 postscript figures included using epsf.st

The impacts of homerooms on student connectedness and academic success

The research question addressed in this project is, how do effective senior-high homeroom programs affect the perceived connectedness between staff and students? This research focuses on how homerooms, if effectively implemented can increase the sense of connectedness that students feel at their high school. The work of Smerdon documents the correlation between a students perceived membership in school with the school\u27s use of a homeroom. Osofsky, Sinner, and Wolk stress the importance purpose and leadership as fundamental aspects of effective homerooms. This research, which studied the homeroom program at two high schools, supports the claim that homerooms can foster the growth of connectedness for students and through connectedness can improve academic success

Ansteuerung der MTE-Task-Performance-Displays in der Telemetrie-Bodenstation (Software Dokumentation)

Dokumentation für die Software zur Ansteuerung der ADS-33-MTE-Performance-Displays in der Telemetriebodenstation des EC 135 ACT/FH

Moving, squatting, settling: motion and marginality in the national capital territory of India

In the National Capital Territory of India, urban development is marked by the reconfiguration of urban space through the varied movements of both capital and human beings. This thesis, based on documentary research and on fieldwork undertaken in the summer of 2009, focuses on the demolition of squatter settlements or jhuggi-jhondpris in Delhi and the resettlement of their residents to locations on the urban fringe. Residents of illegal, informal settlements, which constitute between 18 and 27 percent of the territory's population, are particularly vulnerable to the vicissitudes of local politics, shifts in the definitions of basic rights, and the ever-increasing demands of market expansion, and yet these citizens are an essential part of structures and processes that constitute both imagined and very real urban landscapes. Of particular concern are the concepts of formality, informality, and modernity, and the ways in which these concepts are materialized.Sur l'Inde, le développement urbain est marqué par la reconfiguration de l'espace urbain à travers les mouvements du capital et des citoyens. Cette thèse, basée sur la recherche documentaire et «fieldwork» à l'été de 2009, met l'accent sur la démolition des colonies de squatters ou «jhuggi-jhondpris» à Delhi et à la réinstallation de leurs habitants. Les résidents des établissements informels, qui constituent entre 18 et 27 pour cent de la population du territoire, sont particulièrement vulnérables aux vicissitudes de la politique locale, les changements dans les définitions des droits fondamentaux, et les demandes sans cesse de l'expansion du marché, et pourtant ces citoyens sont un élément essentiel des structures et des processus qui constituent à la fois imaginaire et réel des paysages urbains. Cette thèse est particulièrement préoccupé par les concepts de la formalité, l'informalité, et de la modernité, et la façon dont ces concepts sont matérialisés