USDA regulation of organisms developed through modern breeding technologies

Agricultural biotechnology; DNA editing; genome engineering; targetable nucleases; TALEN; CRISPR/cas9; DNA-targeting; mutagenesis; regulation; modern breeding technologies

Asymmetric hyperbolic L-spaces, Heegaard genus, and Dehn filling

An L-space is a rational homology 3-sphere with minimal Heegaard Floer homology. We give the first examples of hyperbolic L-spaces with no symmetries. In particular, unlike all previously known L-spaces, these manifolds are not double branched covers of links in S^3. We prove the existence of infinitely many such examples (in several distinct families) using a mix of hyperbolic geometry, Floer theory, and verified computer calculations. Of independent interest is our technique for using interval arithmetic to certify symmetry groups and non-existence of isometries of cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds. In the process, we give examples of 1-cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds of Heegaard genus 3 with two distinct lens space fillings. These are the first examples where multiple Dehn fillings drop the Heegaard genus by more than one, which answers a question of Gordon.Comment: 19 pages, 2 figures. v2: minor changes to intro. v3: accepted version, to appear in Math. Res. Letter

Asymmetric hyperbolic L-spaces, Heegaard genus, and Dehn filling

Mathematic

Jointly primitive knots and surgeries between lens spaces

This paper describes a Dehn surgery approach to generating asymmetric hyperbolic manifolds with two distinct lens space fillings. Such manifolds were first identified in work of Dunfield-Hoffman-Licata as the result of a computer search of the SnapPy census, but the current work establishes a topological framework for constructing vastly many more such examples. We introduce the notion of a ``jointly primitive'' presentation of a knot and show that a refined version of this condition ``longitudinally jointly primitive'' is equivalent to being surgery dual to a (1,2)--knot in a lens space. This generalizes Berge's equivalence between having a doubly primitive presentation and being surgery dual to a (1,1)--knot in a lens space. Through surgery descriptions on a seven-component link in S3, we provide several explicit multi-parameter infinite families of knots in lens spaces with longitudinal jointly primitive presentations and observe among them all the examples previously seen in Dunfield-Hoffman-Licata.Mathematic

Анализ пожарных рисков на территории рекламного агентства

Объектом исследования является система управления пожарными рисками на предприятиях малого бизнеса. Целью выпускной квалификационной работы является : анализ системы по управлению пожарными рисками в рекламном агентстве "Максмир", г. Новосибирск, Россия. В процессе исследования проводился теоретический анализ и оценка риска, анализ пожарной опасности объекта, были определены основные величины для расчета пожарного риска. В результате исследования была выявлена опасность для рабочего персонала, выявлены недоработки по обеспечению пожарной безопасности.The object of the study is a fire risk management system at small business enterprises. The aim of the final qualification work is: analysis of the fire risk management system in the advertising agency "Maxmir", Novosibirsk, Russia. The study identified the a theoretical analysis and risk assessment, fire hazard analysis of the object, the basic quantities for the calculation of fire risk have been identified. The study was proposed revealed a risk for operating personnel, identified gaps to ensure fire safety

Isolation and characterization of tomato cDNA and genomic clones encoding the ubiquitin gene ubi3

We report here the isolation and nucleotide sequence of tomato cDNA and genomic clones encoding a ubiquitin extension protein homologous to the yeast gene ubi3 . Sites similar to upstream activating sites commonly found in the promoters of yeast ribosomal genes were observed in the tomato promoter. The tomato ubi3 promoter also contained elements found in the rbcS promoter from pea. The transcription initiation site was determined to occur 66 bp upstream of the initiating Met. RFLP mapping revealed that the gene was located on chromosome 1, 23 cM from marker TG301. A ubi3 gene-specific probe hybridized to a single 800 nt transcript. Expression was reduced in heat-shocked plants and plants kept in the dark. Expression was highest in young leaves and immature green fruit and lowest in mature leaves and petals. We isolated the original cDNA clone using an antibody prepared against chloroplast polypeptides. Immunological studies did not detect ubiquitin or ubiquitin extension proteins in the chloroplast. However, higher-molecular-weight chloroplast proteins were detected with ubiquitin antisera suggesting that ubiquitin conjugates are transported into the chloroplast.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43430/1/11103_2004_Article_BF00028735.pd

Elevated HbA1c levels and the accumulation of differentiated T cells in CMV+ individuals

Aims/hypothesis Biological ageing of the immune system, or immunosenescence, predicts poor health and increased mortality. A hallmark of immunosenescence is the accumulation of differentiated cytotoxic T cells (CD27−CD45RA+/−; or dCTLs), partially driven by infection with the cytomegalovirus (CMV). Immune impairments reminiscent of immunosenescence are also observed in hyperglycaemia, and in vitro studies have illustrated mechanisms by which elevated glucose can lead to increased dCTLs. This study explored associations between glucose dysregulation and markers of immunosenescence in CMV+ and CMV− individuals. Methods A cross-sectional sample of participants from an occupational cohort study (n = 1,103, mean age 40 years, 88% male) were assessed for HbA1c and fasting glucose levels, diabetes, cardiovascular risk factors (e.g. lipids), numbers of circulating effector memory (EM; CD27−CD45RA−) and CD45RA re-expressing effector memory (EMRA; CD27−CD45RA+) T cells, and CMV infection status. Self-report and physical examination assessed anthropometric, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Results Among CMV+ individuals (n = 400), elevated HbA1c was associated with increased numbers of EM (B = 2.75, p \u3c 0.01) and EMRA (B = 2.90, p \u3c 0.01) T cells, which was robust to adjustment for age, sex, sociodemographic variables and lifestyle factors. Elevated EM T cells were also positively associated with total cholesterol (B = 0.04, p \u3c 0.05) after applying similar adjustments. No associations were observed in CMV− individuals. Conclusions/interpretation The present study identified consistent associations of unfavourable glucose and lipid profiles with accumulation of dCTLs in CMV+ individuals. These results provide evidence that the impact of metabolic risk factors on immunity and health can be co-determined by infectious factors, and provide a novel pathway linking metabolic risk factors with accelerated immunosenescence. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3731-4) contains peer-reviewed but unedited supplementary material, which is available to authorised users