Jacob van Hoddis poem.

Poem written by Jacob van Hoddis in 1915.LBI LondonHerman SimonJakob van Hoddis (May 16, 1887 in Berlin – 1942 in Sobibor) was the pen name of a German-Jewish expressionist poet Hans Davidsohn, of which name "Van Hoddis" is an anagram. His most famous poem Weltende (End of the world) published on 11 January 1911 in Der Demokrat, is generally regarded as the preliminary expressionist poem.Photographs removed to Photograph CollectionProcessed for digitizationSent for digitizationReturned from digitizationLinked to online manifestationdigitize

Effect of oxidized cholesterol on age-associated changes to immune parameters in spleen lymphocytes and peritoneal exudate cells derived from rats

The effects of oxidized cholesterol on immune parameters were examined by using spleen lymphocytes and peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) derived from 5-week- (Young) and 9-month-old (Adult) rats. The immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM production was inhibited by oxidized cholesterol in the rats of both ages when lymphocytes were exposed to 30 micrograms/ml of oxidized cholesterol for 24 hr. The intracellular IgA level was also lowered by 30 micrograms/ml of oxidized cholesterol, irrespective of age. In contrast, IgE production was significantly increased by the addition of 30 micrograms/ml of oxidized cholesterol in only young lymphocytes. Moreover, oxidized cholesterol enhanced the intracellular histamine accumulation in only adult PEC, although the total histamine level produced by PEC was similar in the rats of both ages. These results thus suggest the possibility that oxidized cholesterol can have different effects on the age-related modulation of immune functions such as Igs production and histamine release